scholarly journals RETOS Y PERSPECTIVAS DE LA GESTIÓN EMPRESARIAL EN AMÉRICA LATINA Y MÉXICO

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (58) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
José Félix García Rodríguez ◽  
Luis Arturo Méndez Olán
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The One ◽  
Economic And Financial Crisis

RESUMEN: La gestión empresarial, entendida como la actividad emprendida con el propósito de mejorar la productividad y la competitividad, así como asegurar la sustentabilidad de la empresa, enfrenta importantes retos y desafíos. Por un lado, la actividad empresarial debe desarrollarse en el entorno de la economía global, caracterizada por el libre comercio de bienes y servicios, así como la libre circulación de capitales financieros. Por otra parte, la libre circulación de capitales es el principal determinante de una amplia volatilidad e inestabilidad en los mercados financieros globales, lo que ejerce una gran influencia sobre la situación económica de un país y su actividad empresarial. Ello quedó plenamente demostrado con la crisis económica y financiera de 2008, cuyas consecuencias recesivas aún se manifiestan en la mayoría de los países del mundo. Así, como consecuencia de la recesión económica de 2008, millones de personas en todo el mundo perdieron sus hogares y sus empresas, y muchas de ellas se empobrecieron. No era eso lo esperado en el mundo de los negocios y las finanzas. La teoría económica neoliberal, con su fe en el libre mercado y en la globalización, había prometido prosperidad para todos. Se suponía que la Nueva Economía, con sus sorprendentes innovaciones financieras -como son la desregulación y la ingeniería financiera- traería consigo el fin de los ciclos económicos, crecimiento y bienestar. Si en el mundo desarrollado las consecuencias fueron desastrosas, en América Latina provocaron una verdadera emergencia económica y social. ABSTRACT: The business management, understood as the activity undertaken in order to improve productivity and competitiveness, and ensure sustainability of the company, faces significant challenges and challenges. On the one hand, businesses must develop in the environment of the global economy, characterized by free trade in goods and services and the free movement of financial capital. Moreover, the free movement of capital is the main determinant of a wide volatility and instability in global financial markets, which exerts great influence on the economic situation of a country and its business. This was fully demonstrated by the economic and financial crisis of 2008, whose recessionary consequences still evident in most countries. So, as a result of the economic recession of 2008, millions of people around the world lost their homes and businesses, and many of them were impoverished. That was not expected in the world of business and finance. The neoliberal economic theory, with its faith in free markets and globalization, had promised prosperity for all. It was assumed that the New Economy, with its surprising, as financial innovation and deregulation are financially engineering would bring to business cycles, growth and welfare. If I developed were disastrous in the world, in Latin America provoked a genuine economic and social emergency.

scholarly journals Structural changes and economic growth in the world economy and Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy V. Mironov ◽  
Liudmila D. Konovalova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of

The article considers the problem of the relationship of structural changes and economic growth in the global economy and Russia in the framework of different methodological approaches. At the same time, the paper provides the analysis of complementarity of economic policy types, which, on the one hand, are aimed at developing the fundamentals of GDP growth (institutions, human capital and macroeconomic stabilization), and on the other hand, at initiating growth (with stable fundamentals) with the help of structural policy measures. In the study of structural changes in the global economy, new forms of policies of this kind have been revealed, in particular aimed at identifying sectors — drivers of economic growth based on a portfolio approach. In a given paper a preliminary version of the model of the Russian economy is provided, using a multisector version of the Thirlwall’s Law. Besides, the authors highlight a number of target parameters of indicators of competitiveness of the sectors of the Russian economy that allow us to expect its growth rate to accelerate above the exogenously given growth rate of the world economy.

scholarly journals The consequences of China's impending economic crisis on global economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Mavhungu Abel Mafukata
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Economic Practice ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sub Saharan

The main objective of this paper is to predict the consequences of China's impending economic crisis on global economy – with reference to Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in particular. The specific objective of this paper is to investigate and explore the increasing dominance of economic practice of China in SSA. China is a critical principal player in the economy of SSA. China's influence and dominance of the SSA economy might have negative effect on SSA in case of any implosion of the Chinese economy. Data were collected from print and electronic sources extracted from the vast body of empirical scholarship of different disciplines on China in SSA.  The results of this paper revealed that China is indeed dominating the economy in SSA. Pointers are that China's economic implosion would have consequences for SSA in the same way as the 2008-2009 global economic recession had around the world. This  paper positively predicts that China's economic and financial implosion remains a possibility, and would impact on SSA.

The Global Perspective

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan J. Acs
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
American Model ◽  
The World ◽  
American Style ◽  
Unequal Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
The One

This chapter examines the American economy and American-style capitalism in the context of the global economy. It first provides an overview of American exceptionalism before revisiting who the Americans are and comparing the American model of liberal democracy with that of East Asia and the European Union. It then reflects on what America's future looks like and what the world will look like in 2050. It concludes with an assessment of whether the American model that is spreading around the world in bits and pieces could be better promoted. The chapter suggests that American-style capitalism, with its interplay between entrepreneurship and philanthropy, on the one hand, and its balancing act between wealth and opportunity, on the other, should be encouraged despite the unequal distribution of wealth entrepreneurship creates.

scholarly journals Medical Economics: Legalize Organ Markets

The Winners ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Justin Callais ◽  
Walter E. Block
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Organ Markets

The article argued to the contrary that at least insofar as organ transplants were concerned, this general assumption lied 180 degrees away from the truth. The first reaction of most concerned people, at the prospect of buying and selling human body parts, was one of revulsion. And, yet, this was the tried and true means that used for supplying more pedestrian goods and services. The article was the economic principles responsible for adequately making available to us such as items such as apples, shoes, and gardening services were the best ones in this case as well. The method was to argue that the institutions responsible for most goods and services in the economy that the last best hope for solving the problems that faced transplants of human body parts. The researchers consulted google scholar and mises.org and generated in this manner and cited almost a dozen publications which discussed the relevant subject matter and commented on several of them. It finds that Pro-organ sellers have a long way to go, but with determination and logic, one day the world will find a place for organs in the free-markets. And, then, many lives will be saved.

scholarly journals Global sugar, regional water, and local people: EU sugar regime liberalisation, rural livelihoods, and the environment in the Incomati River Basin

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Lorentzen
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Distant Part

This paper is concerned with how changes in the global economy, triggered by actions undertaken in one part of the world, can affect the lives and the prospects of poor rural people, as well as the environment they live in, in another very distant part of the world. It analyses the linkages between changes in the European Union (EU) sugar regime and the economic fortunes and the environmental future of a very poor and highly water-stressed area in southern Africa—the Incomati River Basin—where sugar production is the single most important economic activity. The case study epitomises the complex interactions between trade liberalisation on the one hand and poverty and the environment on the other.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL: COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM DEMAND

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Haryanto
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 pandemic has become a global issue. Many experts predict that this pandemic will cause global economic growth to decline this year, or even the global economic recession. All efforts conducted by many countries in the world massively to prevent its spread such as social distancing, self-isolation, and similar actions to lockdown may have a major impact on tourism demand in many countries. The next section sequentially will discuss a brief review of the role of international tourism on the economy, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy and international tourism, and further research topics for the next edition.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DETERMINING THE INFLUENCE OF GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Bestuzheva ◽  
Viktoria Kozub
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Impact

The paper proposes a scientific approach to determining the impact of globalization processes on the development of Ukraine’s economy based on the analysis of the dynamics and modeling of indicators of the degree of integration of Ukraine’s economy into the system of world economic relations. Globalization is seen as a modern trend in the world economy as a system of interconnected and interdependent economic entities, among which a significant place is occupied by countries. The authors determine the degree of Ukraine's integration into the world economic space by its place in the ratings of globalization and economic openness. Analysis of the dynamics of the degree of integration of Ukraine's economy into the global economy is based on GDP, export and import quotas during 2006 – 2020. Based on the results of the analysis, the authors developed an econometric model for assessing the impact of factors on the globalization index of Ukraine, identified the most significant positive factors, namely the volume of exports of goods and services as a percentage of GDP, GDP, the ratio of foreign direct investment to GDP, the share of innovative exports export of goods and services of the country. The import quota and the corporate income tax rate have been identified as negative factors. Based on the results obtained during the modeling, the authors have developed and proposed a sequence of measures to increase the level of openness of Ukraine's economy in the context of its globalization. Perspective forms of globalization in the context of forming a new perspective of the international community on changing the vector of world economy - from globalization to regionalization and nationalization which have materialized in increasing the volume and diversification of the structure of international trade, intensification of international financial transactions, the emergence of transnational business, a sharp increase in foreign direct investment and intensification of international labor migration.

Pandemic Corporate Governance Approaches

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
E.I. Zvorykina ◽  
A.L. Politov ◽  
Yu.V. Zvorykina
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Tremendous Impact ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the business and global investment community. This pandemic differs from the previous ones in that it occurs in the digital age; the epidemiological situation around the world is recorded daily, this allows the one to model the forecasts quite accurately; most companies have the ability to continue working, but to organize it in a remote format. However, one of the devastating factors is that a pandemic destroys global supply chains, disrupts production and can lead to a significant loss of company revenue and adversely affect the global economy. The ability to adapt to these conditions, as well as the speed of this process are important factors for the survival of companies. Corporate governance plays an important role in this process. This article describes the main trends in the organization of corporate governance in a pandemic.

Best Practices in E-Government

2011 ◽  
pp. 3487-3499
Author(s):  
Helmut Druke
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
World Summit ◽  
The World ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
The One

The pressure of modernization does not stop at national boundaries—in this respect it is universal and secular. In some regions of the world the pressure of change is particularly extreme (e.g., in Eastern Europe) where the transformation of the administration from a state socialist to a democratic institution is taking place under the enormous time pressure of complying with the new national and international standards and catching up with the global economy. Another example of a country in transformation that is extremely interested in studying best practices is China where a more efficient public administration is required to support the newly installed market economy whereas e-democracy is no issue at the moment. In view of this starting point for the universal pressure of change and reform, the responsible decision-makers are often eager to model the direction and implementation of their reforms on the best local communities. The high level of interest in the results of various benchmarking studies among local community representatives stems from this pressure and a great uncertainty about the future of public administration. Actors and experts throughout the world agree that learning from and transfer of good practices internationally can contribute to the goal of global co-operation in e-government, which is a priority of the World Summit on the Information Society. In its Action Plan, the participants of the World Summit defined as an important action to “support international cooperation initiatives in the field of e-government, in order to enhance transparency, accountability and efficiency at all levels of government” (WSIS, 2003). In its “Communication” of September 26, 2003 on “The Role of E-government for Europe’s Future” (European Commission, 2003) the Commission of the European Communities stresses the huge benefit of initiating an exchange of good practice. Best practices encompass technological, organizational, legal, and training elements, they require long-term commitment of all key actors involved, and they illustrate tangible benefits and results. Exchange of experience and replication of best practices can bring cost-savings in moving to broad take-up. It also prepares for future interoperability and interworking between administrations. (p. 21) The following discussion aims to introduce a theoretical approach which avoids the limitations of the dominant transfer theories of the “one best way” (Bartlett & Ghoshal, 1989; Ohmae, 1990; Womack, Jonas, & Roos, 1990) on the one hand and “path dependence” (Arthur, 1994; Freyssenet, Maier, Shimizu, & Volpato, 1998; Leipold, 1996; Pierson, 1998) on the other hand, and which creates a perspective for practical action in e-government. Whereas the one best way theory regards the adoption of superior concepts as the royal route to overcoming existing inadequacies, the theory of path dependence sees hardly any possibility to adopt solutions from other national environments—it considers that the bonds of the decisions of the past and inherited structures are too strong. Therefore, a clear understanding of the opportunities and limits of best practice orientation and adoption gives a clear orientation of what way to go in increasing organizational performance. The basic question is if it is advisable and feasible to adopt practices of a well-performing authority by a less-performing authority in the public administration. Before presenting empirical material on the question of what a good practice in e-government consists of it is feasible to discuss on a theoretical level principle problems with the concept of best practice.

The effect of the COVID-19 crisis on the perception of digitisation in the purchasing process: customers and retailers perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Dvorak ◽  
Lenka Komarkova ◽  
Lukas Stehlik
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Purpose The market for goods and services is a continually changing environment influenced by many internal and external factors. The majority of economies in the World were deeply hit by the coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) in the first half of 2020. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of the role of a crisis, COVID-19 in this case, in moderating the market environment and its ability to accelerate or slow down ongoing processes. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey was used to obtain the opinions of 100 customers and 100 local retailers on the digitisation of the shopping process in a medium-sized Czech town. After the first wave of crisis faded away, the respondents reflected on their opinions before, during and after the crisis. The data were processed using linear mixed models respecting repeated measures. Findings The crisis seems to have shifted the interest of both groups towards e-commerce but it did not change the disproportion in opinions between them. The interest of customers was significantly higher, even after the crisis. Research limitations/implications The credibility of the results is limited mainly by the one-time gathering of the data after the crisis. However, the results indicate a persistent challenge to which small retailers are exposed. Originality/value The originality of the results comes from the specific situation brought about by the COVID-19 crisis and the structure of respondents, enabling us to catch an immediate shift of opinions caused by the crisis and to compare the changes in both groups of respondents.

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