Genetic Characterization of H5N8 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Falcated Ducks and Environmental Water in Japan in November 2020

We isolated two highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of subtype H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4b from falcated duck (Anas falcata) feces and environmental water collected at an overwintering site in Japan. Our isolates were almost genetically identical to each other and showed high genetic similarity with H5N8 HPAIVs recently isolated in South Korea, a distant part of Japan, and European countries. These results suggest the potential role of falcated ducks in the dissemination of HPAIVs.

Genetic Characterization of H5N8 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated From Falcated Ducks and Environmental Water in Japan in November 2020

We isolated two highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of subtype H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4b from falcated duck (Anas falcata) feces and environmental water collected at an overwintering site in Japan. Our isolates were almost genetically identical to each other and showed high genetic similarity with H5N8 HPAIVs recently isolated in South Korea, a distant part of Japan, and European countries. These results suggest the potential role of falcated ducks in the dissemination of HPAIVs.

A stellar relic filament in the Orion star-forming region

ABSTRACT We report the discovery of the oldest stellar substructure in the Orion star-forming region (OSFR), the Orion relic filament. The relic filament is physically associated with the OSFR, as demonstrated by Gaia DR2 photometry and astrometry, as well as by targeted radial velocity follow-up observations of a bright subsample of proper motion-selected candidate members. Gaia DR2 parallaxes place the Orion relic filament in the more distant part of the OSFR, ∼430 pc from the Sun. Given its age, velocity dispersion, spatial extent, and shape, it is not possible for the Orion relic filament to have formed as a single stellar cluster, even taking into account residual gas expulsion. The relic filament is also too young to be a tidal stream, because Galactic tides act on much longer time-scales, of the order of 100 Myr. It therefore appears likely that the structure formed from a molecular cloud filament similar to Orion A in the OSFR and retained its morphology despite decoupling from its natal gas. Hence, the Orion relic filament bears witness to the short-lived evolutionary phase between gas removal and dispersion owing to shears and tides, and provides crucial new insights into how stars are formed in molecular clouds.

Design of a Multipurpose Radio Controlled Surveillance Vehicle to Monitor Risky Areas

Wireless technology is one of the most common technologies used in our day to day life. As wireless technology is very much easier to implement rather than wired, day by day its application is increasing. Through the continuous development of wireless communication technology it is now highly used in wireless equipment controlling. That is we can control our electronics and electrical equipments from a certain distant part. In this paper a multipurpose radio controlled car is designed with nRF24L01 wireless transceiver module, Arduino Uno R3 and DC motors to monitor risky areas. The RC vehicle is controlled by a distant controller or transmitter unit to move the vehicle to the risky location for monitoring.

Automated Control Signal Reception Acknowledgement System Using Nrf24l01p Wireless Transceiver Module and Arduino

In this era of modern technology wireless control system is a most used method to control electrical or electronic devices and/or monitoring from a distant part. It is easier to implement a wireless system. Because of the barriers in implementing wired system wireless system is much effective than wired. But the wireless system has also some problems or deficits. One of them is data loss during the transmission due to various causes like surrounding environmental reason and others. If signal is lost the receiver will remain completely blind as it is not receiving the signal. Another one can be the receiver is unable to receive signal due to the technical fault of receiver end whether the transmitted signal is stable. Especially these issues rise in case of wireless control. That is why an acknowledgement system is necessary to determine whether the receiver is receiving the transmitted signal or not. The developed system is an effective system with nRF24L01Plus transceiver module and Arduino Uno.

Experimental Verification of Effectiveness of English Language Teaching Using MyEnglishLab

The paper deals with a research focused on the blended learning model represented by an online component MyEnglishLab complementing English paper-based materials. At first, we viewed the blended learning model and we presented it in the context of sustainability in education. This is followed by the description of MyEnglisLab component representing the distant part of blended learning. Then, we presented a complete research carried out within undergraduate students at the Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove attending English courses, where we applied the mentioned teaching design and verifying the effectiveness of MyEnglishLab tool. The study compared two groups of students; the group using MyEnglishLab reached better results.

Use of numerical modeling methods in desing of combined rectification column

The article is devoted to the study of methods for modeling the operation of rectification columns using the HYSIS application software package. Such studies are very important not only for design, but also for the functioning of existing industries. The article proposes to use for combining nozzle devices in the concentration part of the column, and plate-shaped structures in the distant part of the column for more efficient and stable operation of distillation columns. To determine the hydrodynamic parameters of the operation of distillation column, a technique of determining the range of stable loads and the position of the operating point inside or outside the range of stable loads was taken. A column model was constructed using the HYSYS software package for separating gas mixtures with various contact devices: sieve trays, Rashig ring nozzles. Experiments for the same type and combined contact devices were carried out and their comparison was carried out in terms of hydraulic calculation and operating range. As a result of experiments with the use of the HYSYS software package, it was shown that the combined arrangement of contact devices can provide a stable hydraulic mode, in contrast to the use of similar contact devices.

osce Conflict Management in Central Asia

Conflicts and their management in Central Asia have never been prioritised by the osce although five states of the region are among its participating states. This has been due to that unlike in some other parts of the post-Soviet space most of the conflicts did not threaten with military escalation, and the intensity of strategic rivalry is less noticeable in this distant part of the osce area than closer to the heart of Europe. The fact Russia is not a direct party to the conflicts in Central Asia also reduces the interests of many participating states. There was one high intensity conflict in the region, the Tajik civil war that came too early for the osce. Lower intensity conflicts, ranging from border skirmishes, disputes about access to water, violation of rights of national minority groups, rigged elections are monitored and their resolutions are facilitated by the organisation. Some of them, like the 2010 Kyrgyz-Uzbek conflict had such short shelf-life internationally that no consensus-based inter-governmental organisation could have effectively intervened into it. The osce has been successful in conflict management when the party or parties also wanted to break the stale-mate that the Organization could facilitate. Domestic change in some Central Asian states is essential for advancing the osces cooperative security approach.

Numerical Study of the Influence of Water Evaporation on Radiofrequency Ablation

Radiofrequency (RF) ablation is one of the promising technologies of tumor therapy due to its minimal invasiveness and other advantages. The high frequency alternating electrical current makes movement of the intracellular ions, results in frictional heat inside the tumor tissue and local temperature rising. Temperature of the tissue near the RF electrode increases much faster than the distant part. When it reaches the vapor (boiling) point, excessive evaporation takes place and increases electrical impedance between the electrode and the targeted tissue. This has been a major obstacle for its application. Coolants such as water circulating in the electrodes has been proposed, but as the coolants are only effective on the electrode wall, quick evaporation and correspondent carbonization still exists.