scholarly journals Czy przebaczenie niweczy skutki uprzedniego wydziedziczenia?

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Anna Moskal
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Lower Courts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Made In

Does forgiveness nullify the effects of previous disinheritance? The legal nature of forgiveness is the subject of passionate debates among the representatives of civil law doctrine. According to the dominant position in the literature, forgiveness is an act of affection or its manifested expression of forgiveness of the perpetrator of experienced injustice and related to this grudge. This institution has been applied three times in the Civil Code — once with the donation agreement, twice in regulations of inheritance law. Article 1010 § 1 provides that a testator cannot disinherit eligible for legal portion if he forgave him. The wording of the above article indicates that accomplishment of disinheritance in case if testator eligible for legal portion has previously forgiven. The legislator did not, however, determine the effects of forgiveness in relation to previous disinheritance. In the act of 1971, the Supreme Court accepted that such forgiveness would automatically nullify the effects of disinheritance, and could be made in any form. In recent years, lower courts have begun to question the Supreme Court's position, and judges increasingly refer to the critical statements of numerous doctrines. As it was rightly stated, admitting the possibility of invoking the forgiveness made after disinheritance poses a serious threat to the realization of the testator’s will, who, by forgiving, does not necessarily want to revoke the effects of his previous disinheritance. The postulate of de lege ferenda is, according to the author of the article, giving of freedom of judging the effects of forgiveness to the courts and each examination of the forgiving testator’s will on the possible abatement of the consequences of previous disinheritance.]]>

scholarly journals After Labaye: The Harm Test of Obscenity, the New Judicial Vacuum, and the Relevance of Familiar Voices

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Jochelson
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Supreme Court Of Canada ◽  
Obscenity Law ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Tolerance Approach ◽  
Lower Courts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Community Standards

In R. v. Labaye, the Supreme Court of Canada finally retired the community standards of tolerance test of obscenity. The test had been the subject of much academic critique, a matter that reached its zenith in the period following Little Sisters Book and Art Emporium v. Canada (Minister of Justice), in which a gay and lesbian bookshop contested the procedures and legislative regime of customs officials in detaining its imports. The engagement in the literature on the efficacy of the community standards test that followed was often heated, always interesting, and ultimately unresolved. To date, we have not seen any clarifying applications of the newly proposed harm test by the Supreme Court, nor have we seen a profound articulation in any lower courts. Subsequently, the academic discussion has slowed to a crawl. In this article, the author reviews four accounts of the community standards test that were prominent following Little Sisters, and asks if the newly proposed Labaye standard meets their concerns. The Labaye case provides much fodder for the previous critics and supporters of a community standards of tolerance approach to analyze. After a critical analysis of the new Labaye test, the author concludes that the concerns have not been muted by the retirement of the community standards test, even if the voices have been. The engaged voices heard in the aftermath of Little Sisters should not hold back and they should not abandon the work to be done in obscenity law and freedom of expression discourse generally.

scholarly journals Odpowiedzialność zakładu ubezpieczeń za szkody wyrządzone przez agenta ubezpieczeniowego

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Amanda Adamska ◽  
Anna Maria Barańska
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Insurance Agent ◽  
Insurance Intermediation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Injured Party ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

The responsibility of an insurance company for damages caused by an insurance agent The subject of this article is the responsibility of an insurance company for damages caused by an insurance agent in connection with the performance of agency activities. The Act on Insurance Intermediation of 22 May 2003 lays down a liability regime based on the principle of risk. It also contains the definition of an insurance agent and performed agency activities. In the next part of the article there is analysed the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court concerning the interpretation of article 11 1 of the abovementioned Act. It discusses an attempt at defining the difference between activities performed “in connection with” and “at the occasion of” other activities. Finally there is analysed an issue of the contribution of the injured party to the occurrence of the damage in this type of cases article 362 of the Civil Code.

scholarly journals Jurisdiction Analysis of The Distribution of Integrity Children Out of Marriage as Substitute Heritages (Study of The Supreme Court Decision Number: 784 K/Pdt/2014)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Gagah Hotma Parulian Siregar ◽  
Widhi Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Research Problems

 Many problems regarding inheritance law occur due to distribution that is not in accordance with applicable regulations. In the Supreme Court Decision Number 784 K/Pdt/2014, the main research problems are: (1) How is the distribution of the inheritance of children out of wedlock as replacement heirs based on the Civil Code study of the Supreme Court's decision number: 784 K/Pdt/2014 . (2) Is the content of the Supreme Court's order Number: 784/Pdt/2014 concerning the distribution of the inheritance of children out of wedlock as replacement heirs appropriate or not according to the Civil Code. This type of research is normative juridical. The data used are secondary data, library study data collection and qualitative data analysis and deductive method conclusions. The conclusion of this decision study states that (1) the heirs to the inheritance of the Supreme Court decision study number: 784 K/Pdt/2014 are Dewina Tjandra, Trisnani Tjandra, Patty Tjandra, Sarina Tjandra, Arifin Tjandra, Ony Tjandra, and Fitri Tjandra . (2) The Supreme Court's decision Number 784 K/Pdt/2014 regarding the distribution of the inheritance of children out of wedlock as substitute heirs is not in accordance with Article 842 of the Civil Code.   

The application of the anti-accumulation clause in criminal procedure to public – law liabilities – some remarks based on the resolution of Supreme Court no. I KZP 15/16

2021 ◽  
Vol 2(24) ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
Milena Garwol
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Public Law ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Made In

This article mentions the issue of an application of the anti-accumulation clause in criminal procedure to public-law liabilities. The author’s view is critical to the argumentation presented by the Supreme Court. The assumption made in this resolution can lead to double punishment for the same behaviour and does not distinguish the situation between perpetrators, depending on the character of commited injury not the forbidden act. The statement presented in the sentence also raises doubts form the civil law perspective and does not see the position of the victim.

scholarly journals Instytucja kary umownej w latach 1965–1989 — wybrane zagadnienia

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Guzewicz
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Supreme Court

The basis of this article is the analysis of the functioning of a contractual penalty in the years 1965–1989, i.e. from the time the Civil Code entered into force until the end of the Polish People’s Republic period. The research was carried out by means of analysing the legal provisions, the caselaw of the Supreme Court and the views of the doctrine. Its purpose is to reflect and draw conclusions on the functioning of the civil law institution — a contractual penalty — under authoritarian governments. The considerations were focused on selected problems, first of all concentrating on the Supreme Court’s case-law. Legal relations with the participation of socialized economy units become an important element of these considerations. The provisions of the Civil Code constitute the starting point, but they cannot be interpreted in isolation from the provisions of other normative acts that introduced special legal solutions in contracts with the participation of units of the socialized economy. The confrontation of theory and practice shows how the obligations imposed on entities of civil law are enforced. Against this background, issues of key importance for civil law emerge. They relate to the principles of concluding contracts, the performance of obligations, and the consequences of a failure to perform the contract.

scholarly journals Dopuszczalność i charakter prawny instytucji prokury łącznej niewłaściwej w świetle nowelizacji kodeksu cywilnego z dnia 16 grudnia 2016 r.

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Anna Grzywacz
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
The Past ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
A Company ◽  
The Way

Admissibility and the legal nature of inappropriate joint procuration in the light of the amendment of the Civil Code of 16 December 2016This article describes the institution of the power of attorney in a company and the changes in the way of representation of the company introduced by the amendment of the Civil Code of 16 December 2016. In the light of the latest regulations, the construction of the inappropriate joint procuration has become admissible. The author presents the most important rulings of the Supreme Court and analyzes the consequences of this change. Determining how a company should be represented is fundamental to businessman and has arisen lots of controversies in the past years.

scholarly journals Służebność gruntowa o treści odpowiadającej służebności przesyłu w świetle najnowszego orzecznictwa Trybunału Konstytucyjnego

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Barańska
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Lively Discussion ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Constitutional Tribunal ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

Problem konstytucyjności służebności gruntowej o treści odpowiadającej służebności przesyłu oraz możliwości jej zasiedzenia jest  przedmiotem ożywionej dyskusji już blisko od dekady. Mimo ugruntowanej i jednolitej linii orzeczniczej Sądu Najwyższego w tym  zakresie sądy powszechne cały czas mają wątpliwości, czy ta wykładnia znajduje umocowanie w przepisach kodeksu cywilnego. Nie  odmawiając interpretacji Sądu Najwyższego funkcjonalności, nie sposób jednak nie zauważyć towarzyszących jej mankamentów. Z  tego względu warte uwagi są ostatnie orzeczenia Trybunału Konstytucyjnego, który zdaje się po raz pierwszy zdecydował się  przełamać swoją bierną postawę. Building lease with the content corresponding to transmission easement in the light of the latest case law of the Constitutional TribunalThe problem of the constitutionality of a building lease with the content corresponding to transmission easement and the possibility of acquisitive prescription has been the subject of lively discussion already for almost a decade. Despite the well-established and unified jurisprudence of the Supreme Court in this regard, common courts constantly have doubts whether this interpretation is in line  with the provisions of the Civil Code. The Supreme Court’s interpretation is thought to have some shortcomings. That is why the last  ruling of the Constitutional Tribunal is worth paying attention to, as the Constitutional Tribunal seems to be for the first time active in this topic.

scholarly journals Liquidated damages for failure to pay or delayed payment of remuneration to subcontractors — comments on the background of the resolution of the Supreme Court of 30 June 2020, III CZP 67/19

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Cyprian Herl
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Liquidated Damages ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The subject of this work is the issue of the admissibility of stipulating liquidated damages for failure to pay or delayed payment of remuneration to subcontractors in the light of article 483 par. 1 of the Civil Code, which allows stipulating contractual penalties only in non-pecuniary obligations. The basis for the considerations is the content of the resolution of the Supreme Court of June 30th, 2020 (III CZP 67/19), which took a firm position in the ongoing legal discourse. This publication is a comparison on the basis of the previous jurisprudence and the doctrine of the relationship between liquidated damages defined in article 483 par. 1 of the Civil Code, and liquidated damages provided for in the Act of 29th January 2004 — Public Procurement Law.

The tenure of English judges

1913 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. McIlwain
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
General Object ◽  
William Iii ◽  
Science Association

At the meeting of the Political Science Association last year, in the general discussion, on the subject of the recall, I was surprised and I must admit, a little shocked to hear our recall of judges compared to the English removal of judges on address of the houses of parliament.If we must compare unlike things, rather than place the recall beside the theory or the practice of the joint address, I should even prefer to compare it to a bill of attainder.In history, theory and practice the recall as we have it and the English removal by joint address have hardly anything in common, save the same general object.Though I may not (as I do not) believe in the recall of judges, this paper concerns itself not at all with that opinion, but only with the history and nature of the tenure of English judges, particularly as affected by the possibility of removal on address. I believe a study of that history will show that any attempt to force the address into a close resemblance to the recall, whether for the purpose of furthering or of discrediting the latter, is utterly misleading.In the history of the tenure of English judges the act of 12 and 13 William III, subsequently known as the Act of Settlement, is the greatest landmark. The history of the tenure naturally divides into two parts at the year 1711. In dealing with both parts, for the sake of brevity, I shall confine myself strictly to the judges who compose what since 1873 has been known as the supreme court of judicature.

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