Antiasthma activity of Eucalyptus grandis essential oil and its main constituent: Vasorelaxant effect on aortic smooth muscle isolated from nomotensive rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
Oluwagbemiga S. Soyingbe ◽  
Tshepiso Jan Makhafola ◽  
Bongiwe P. Mahlobo ◽  
Hussein M. Salahdeen ◽  
Oladipupo A. Lawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. It is characterized by an inflammation of the airways causing dysfunction. Asthma is associated with widespread airflow obstruction and increase in airway responsiveness to a variety of stimuli. An asthma attack is accompanied by wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and coughing. The anti-asthmatic and anti-cough activities of the essential oils and 1,8-cineole on rats were assessed. These activities were induced and challenged with histamine and acetylcholine using an ultrasonic nebulizer for asthma and exposure to ammonia for coughs. Anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oils and 1,8-cineole were determined using the cotton pellet granuloma test. Muscle contraction studies where carried out using the vascular reactivity on aortic smooth muscle. The oils exhibited concentration dependent anti-asthma and anti-cough activities. Significantly, 1,8-cineole isolated and purified from the essential oil showed a concentration dependent anti-inflammatory, anti-cough and anti-asthma activity and The essential oils showed vasorelaxant activity. The ability of the essential oils and 1,8-cineole to directly dilate smooth muscle and relieve the stress of bronchial contraction and obstruction of the airways passage validates the use of Eucalyptus grandis as an anti-asthmatic and anti-cough agent. It is concluded that the essential oils have the potential to be used as an anti-asthma and anti-cough therapy. This study also justifies its use by traditional healers in the treatment of asthma and coughs in Zulu folklore medicine.

Phytochemical Screening And Evaluation Of The Antioxidant Activity Of Essential Oil Of Pistacia Atlantica Harvested From The Ouled Brahim Region, Saida; Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Attou Fatima ◽  
Terras Mohamed ◽  
Ammam Abdelkader ◽  
Tabet Aouel Faiza
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Antioxidant Power

The knowledge of traditional healers o en represents a basis for the pharmacological and phytochemical inves ga on of naturals medicaments. This work aims for the phytochemical study and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of essential oils of medicinal plant Pistacia atlantica.Through the results obtained, it appears that the leaves are rich in substances with a high antioxidant power. For essential oils, it is 0.24 % for 100 g of plant material. And the phytochemical screening of the plant showed the presence of tannins, resins, coumarins, terpenoids and  flavonoids, and absence of saponins. The strong antioxidant activity of extracts obtained only confirms the traditional use of this plant by the local population.

scholarly journals Volatile Composition, Toxicity, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Mucuna pruriens

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2093232
Author(s):  
Opeyemi N. Avoseh ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Gbenga O. Ojenike ◽  
Fanyana M. Mtunzi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation

The volatile constituents, toxicity, antinociception, and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil obtained from the leaf of Mucuna pruriens utilis collected from Nigeria are reported. The essential oil was analyzed comprehensively utilizing gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detector and GC coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) using the HP-5 column. The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory assays were analyzed by a hot plate, formalin, and carrageenan-induced edema assays, respectively. The essential oil was obtained in a yield of 0.2% (v/w) calculated on a dry weight basis. A total of 36 compounds representing 94.8% of the oil contents were identified. The oil contained a high content of ( E)-2-hexenal (19.0%), linalool (8.9%), 1-hexanol (6.6%), and trans-dehydroxylinalool oxide (5.2%). The analgesic property of the essential oil was slightly significant ( P < 0.5) only at the third hour for the 400 mg/kg while other doses are less active. The rate of inhibition was moderate (24.1%-54%) during the analgesic phase of the formalin assay. The rate of inhibition at the anti-inflammatory phases of both formalin and carrageenan were significantly high (100%) and P < 0.001 for all the doses during the reaction duration. The potential proinflammatory mechanism might be due to effects on several proinflammatory mediators, including, histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin, and the ability of the essential oils to act as centrally mediated opioid analgesic. Mucuna pruriens essential oils displayed a high anti-inflammation potential and can be used as a potential centrally mediated opioid antagonist against analgesia.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Potency, and Potential Toxicity of Myoporum spp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-168
Author(s):  
Arafa Musa
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Beneficial Uses ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Genus Myoporum family Myoporaceae, includes approximately 32 species of woody small trees or shrubs, most of them are native to Australia and surrounding territories. Only certain species have been thoroughly studied and rich in flavonoids, phenylethanoids, Phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, iridoids, essential oil, and trace alkaloids. The essential oils are characterized by sesquiterpenes type components, either in ketone or alcoholic forms usually combined to a furanoid moiety. Myoporum spp. have been utilized in folk medicine for treatment of various diseases and were used as antidermatitis, antibacterial, antipyretic, anti-pulpitis, antipsychotic, anti-inflammatory, detoxicant, and others. Despite all these benefits, Myoporum spp. must be cautiously employed due to their potential toxicities, which arise from the presence of furanosesquiterpenoid contents, particularly in their essential oil. The toxicity influences liver and can extend to kidney and lung causing injury. The present review aims to explore the phytochemistry, beneficial uses and the toxic potentials of Myoporum spp.

A comparative analysis of bark and leaf essential oil and their chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial activities and genotoxic potential of North East Indian Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roktim Gogoi ◽  
Neelav Sarma ◽  
Rikraj Loying ◽  
Sudin Kumar Pandey ◽  
Twahira Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
North East ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume bark and leaf essential oil possesses eugenol as the major component. Both the essential oil have the potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and negligible genotoxicity. Objective: A comparative chemical composition and biological evaluation of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, bark and leaf essential oils, originated from North-East India has been investigated in the present study. Methods: Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis was used to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oil samples. DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power assay was used for antioxidant activity evaluation. Similarly, egg albumin denaturation assay, protease inhibitory activities were used for anti-inflammatory activity, while genotoxicity was evaluated by using Allium cepa assay. Results: The results showed that eugenol is the major component of C. zeylanicum bark (84.48%) and leaf (48.78 %) essential oil. Significant antioxidant activity were observed for both essential oils in the DPPH free radical scavenging assay (IC50= 103.2 μg/mL, bark; IC50= 234.7 μg/mL, leaf), and reducing power assay (absorbance of 1.802 nm, 0.907 nm in 48 µg/mL for bark and leaf essential oil respectively). In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity revealed strong potential of leaf essential oil (protein denaturation assay, IC50= 0.05279 μg/mL; protease inhibitory activity IC50= 3.607 μg/mL) in comparison to bark essential oil (protein denaturation assay IC50= 0.1491, protease inhibitory activity IC50= 61.06). Allium cepa root growth test, mitotic index, and chromosomal aberration test were performed to investigate the genotoxicity of C. zeylanicum bark and leaf essential oil, which resulted no toxic nature of both the essential oils. Antimicrobial activity against eight bacterial and fungal strains revealed good antimicrobial properties with the MIC value of Staphylococcus aureus at 5 μL/mL (bark), Aspergillus niger at 2.5 μL/mL (bark); Bacillus cereus at 5 μL/mL (leaf), Aspergillus niger at 2.5 μL/mL (leaf). Conclusion: Collectively, these findings indicated the strong biological potential of both essential oils, although bark essential possesses better biologically activities than the leaf essential oil and could be used in the food and beverages industries.

COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF LIGULARIA HETEROPHYLLA RUPR.

2020 ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Aigerim Makubayeva ◽  
Elena Petrovna Romanenko ◽  
Sergazy Mynzhasarovich Adekenov ◽  
Aleksey Vasil'yevich Tkachev
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
First Time

The object of the study – the raw material of Ligularia heterophylla Rupr., collected in 2019 in the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The component compositions of essential oils from the aerial and underground parts of Ligularia heterophylla Rupr., obtained by methods of microwave extraction, as well as traditional hydrodistillation, were studied for the first time. Essential oils represented as mobile liquids from light yellow to green shade with characteristic odors. The component composition was determined by chromato-mass spectrometry on an Agilent 6890 gas chromatograph equipped with a MSD 5973 mass-selective detector. Essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation method contain mainly monoterpenes, while sesquiterpenes predominate in the essential oils obtained by microwave extraction. The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of Ligularia heterophylla Rupr. essential oil samples was studied for the first time. The essential oil from the underground part (roots) of Ligularia heterophylla Rupr., obtained by microwave extraction method, at a dose of 25 mg/kg, has a pronounced anti-inflammatory activity, comparable to the drug «Diclofenac sodiumа» in the model of acute exudative reaction.

scholarly journals Effect of Essential Oils from Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Rhizomes on Some Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cadmium Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele Jacob Akinyemi ◽  
Philip Adeyemi Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Studies have revealed that anti-inflammatory agents could provide beneficial effect in lowering the incidence/progression of neurological diseases. Hence, this study sought to investigate the effect of essential oils from Nigeria ginger and turmeric rhizomes on some cytokines in cadmium induced neurotoxicity. The result revealed that essential oil from ginger and turmeric rhizomes exerts anti-inflammatory effect by preventing alterations of some cytokines/inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-Alpha) levels and inhibits both hippocampus and prefrontal cortex acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities (important enzymes relevant in the management/prevention of neurodegenerative diseases) in Cd treated rats. In conclusion, essential oil from ginger and turmeric rhizomes exerts anti-inflammatory properties in Cd induced neurotoxicity. The observed effect could be due to the volatile compounds as revealed by GC-MS analysis.

scholarly journals Phytochemical characterization of essential oil from Ocimum selloi

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
LILIA A.S. MORAES ◽  
ROSELAINE FACANALI ◽  
MARCIA ORTIZ M. MARQUES ◽  
CHAU MING LIN ◽  
M. ANGELA A. MEIRELES
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Methyl Chavicol ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ocimum selloi Benth, a native plant of Brazil, has medicinal uses as anti-diarrheic, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory product. The yield of essential oils of the inflorescences, containing flowers and seeds, was 0.6%, and the yield of leaves, collected in two different seasons, was 0.25% (June 2000) and 0.20% (January 2001), respectively. The essential oils of the inflorescences and leaves presented as major constituents trans-anethol (41.34%, 45.42%, 58.59%) and methyl chavicol (27.10%, 24.14%, 29.96%).

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effect of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) essential oil prepared during different plant phenophases on THP-1 macrophages

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edina Pandur ◽  
Alex Balatinácz ◽  
Giuseppe Micalizzi ◽  
Luigi Mondello ◽  
Adrienn Horváth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine Production ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common Gram-negative bacterium associated with nosocomial respiratory infections. Lavender essential oil is mainly used in aromatherapy, but it has several pharmacological and therapeutic properties. Furthermore, it possesses antifungal and antibacterial activities. The anti-inflammatory activity of essential oils may depend on the composition and the ratio of the compounds. The constitution of the essential oils extracted from the different stages of flowering period varies, which makes it plausible that the collection time of the flowers influences the anti-inflammatory effects. Different types of essential oils reduce inflammation acting similarly by modulating the activity and action of the NFκB signalling pathway, which is the major regulator of the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Methods Lavender essential oils were distilled from lavender plant cultivated in Hungary and the flowers were harvested at the beginning and at the end of flowering period. The experiments were carried out on THP-1 human monocyte/macrophage cell line as in vitro cell culture model for monitoring the effects of lavender essential oils and the main compound linalool on P. aeruginosa LPS stimulated inflammation. The mRNA and protein levels of four pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNFα were determined by Real Time PCR and ELISA measurements. The effects of essential oils were compared to the response to two NFκB inhibitors, luteolin and ACHP. Results Linalool and lavender essential oil extracted from plants at the beginning of flowering period were successful in decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine production following LPS pretreatment. In case of IL-8 and IL-1β lavender oil showed stronger effect compared to linalool and both of them acted similarly to NFκB inhibitors. Pretreatments with linalool and lavender essential oil/beginning of flowering period prevented pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to LPS treatment alone. Although lavender essential oil/end of flowering period decreased IL-6, IL-1β and IL-8 mRNA expression in case of LPS pretreatment, it was not capable to reduce cytokine secretion. Conclusion Based on our results it has been proven that lavender essential oil extracted at the beginning of flowering period is a potent inhibitor of the synthesis of four pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-β and TNFα of THP-1 cells. This supports the relevance of the collection of the lavender flowers from early blooming period for essential oil production and for the utilization as an anti-inflammatory treatment.

scholarly journals Three chemotypes of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil and their main compounds affect differently the IL-6 and TNFα cytokine secretions of BV-2 microglia by modulating the NF-κB and C/EBPβ signalling pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Györgyi Horváth ◽  
Adrienn Horváth ◽  
Gréta Reichert ◽  
Andrea Böszörményi ◽  
Katalin Sipos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract Background The essential oils possess both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, therefore they can provide an effective treatment against infections. Essential oils are widely used as supportive ingredients in many diseases, especially in the acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory tract. Neuroinflammation is responsible for several diseases of the central nervous system. Some plant-derived bioactive molecules have been shown to have role in attenuating neuroinflammation by regulating microglia, the immune cells of the CNS. Methods In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of three chemotypes of thyme essential oil and their main compounds (geraniol, thujanol and linalool) were examined on lipopolysaccharide-induced BV-2 microglia. Three different experimental setups were used, LPS pretreatment, essential oil pretreatment and co-treatments of LPS and essential oils in order to determine whether essential oils are able to prevent inflammation and can decrease it. The concentrations of the secreted tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) proinflammatory cytokines were measured and we analysed by Western blot the activity of the cell signalling pathways, NF-κB and CCAAT-enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) regulating TNFα and IL-6 proinflammatory cytokine expressions in BV-2 cells. Results Our results showed definite alterations in the effects of essential oil chemotypes and their main compounds at the different experimental setups. Considering the changes of IL-6 and TNFα secretions the best reduction of inflammatory cytokines could be reached by the pretreatment with the essential oils. In addition, the main compounds exerted better effects than essential oil chemotypes in case of LPS pretreatment. At the essential oil pretreatment experiment, the effect of linalool and geraniol was outstanding but there was no major difference between the actions of chemotypes and standards. Main compounds could be seen to have large inhibitory effects on certain cell signalling components related to the activation of the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusion Thyme essential oils are good candidates to use in prevention of neuroinflammation and related neurodegeneration, but the exact ratio of the components has to be selected carefully.

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