scholarly journals Benzene Exposure on Rig X from Drilling Fluid and Effectiveness of Local Exhaust Ventilation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
William William ◽  
Sjahrul Meizar Nasri
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Threshold Limit Value ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Benzene Vapor ◽  
Benzene Exposure ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Exhaust Ventilation

Introduction: Benzene is a carcinogenic compound commonly found in drilling fluid, a chemical used in oil and gas drilling operations. Benzene exposure to workers is known to cause acute and/or chronic disease. Adequate control measures shall be identified and implemented to prevent the adverse health effects of benzene from the utilization of drilling fluid. Methods: This study measured benzene concentrations at several locations, above the drilling rig, which has the potential risk of benzene vapor exposure. From the measurement results, if the threshold limit value was exceeded, LEV was proposed to be installed and the effectiveness of LEV at each location would be assessed. A two-tailed t-test was used with a confidence level of 95% (α=0.05) to measure the effectiveness of LEV. Results: In several areas, benzene concentration exceeded TLV-TWA, and LEV was installed in those areas as control measures. In this study, it was found that LEV was not always effective in reducing the concentration of benzene in some areas. Conclusion: Drilling fluid was essential for drilling activity, and this could cause benzene vapor to contaminate the working area. The installation of the LEV shall consider the type of containment through which the drilling fluid flows to ensure the mitigation measures are effective to reduce the concentration of benzene in the air that may be exposed to workers.Keywords: benzene, drilling fluid, exhaust ventilation

scholarly journals The effective application of mud cooler machine to support to carry out the infill wells in Cuu Long basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (3a) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Tuan Tran Nguyen ◽  
Son Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Effective Application ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

This paper presents some studies on the application of mud cooler in Oil and Gas drilling in a high temperature, high pressure condition of Cuu Long reservoir. The authors have proposed a method to study the theory of temperature effects on drilling fluid properties, that have been tested practically. The authors have remarked on each type of drilling rig and installation location. With these remarks, the authors give an option to install the "Mud cooler" on the rig at the appropriate location and method so that the temperature of the solution will be ensured to reduce to a safe level. The effective application of this equipment has greatly assisted drilling process since the fluid temperature has been reduced sharply before returning to the mud tank. This has helped cut down expenses significantly by prolonging eqipment's endurability, saving time for drilling, ship renting, drilling services and minimize the budget spent on buying the fluid and additives to recover it. Thus, the drilling workers' working conditions have been facilitated. The results of these studies have been proved scientifically and practically through the successful drilling of well ST-3P-ST. This will make the way for other local wells and reservoirs which have the same conditions of temperature and pressure.

Heat Moisture Modified Rice Flours as Additive in Drilling Fluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Bunyami Shafie ◽  
Lee Huei Hong ◽  
Phene Neoh Pei Nee ◽  
Fatin Hana Naning ◽  
Tze Jin Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Fluid Mixture ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Rice Flours

Drilling mud is a dense, viscous fluid mixture used in oil and gas drilling operations to bring rock cuttings to the earth's surface from the boreholes as well as to lubricate and cool the drill bit. Water-based mud is commonly used due to its relatively inexpensive and easy to dispose of. However, several components and additives in the muds become increasingly cautious and restricted. Starch was introduced as a safe and biodegradable additive into the water-based drilling fluid, in line with an environmental health concern. In this study, the suitability of four local rice flours and their heat moistures derivatives to be incorporated in the formulation of water-based drilling fluid was investigated. They were selected due to their natural amylose contents (waxy, low, intermediate, and high). They were also heat moisture treated to increase their amylose contents. Results showed that the addition of the rice flours into water-based mud significantly reduced the density, viscosity, and filtrate volume. However, the gel strength of the mud was increased. The rice flours, either native or heat moisture treated, could serve as additives to provide a variety of low cost and environmentally friendly drilling fluids to be incorporated and fitted into different drilling activity.

Influence of Rock Chemical Composition in Microwave Heating and Decontamination of Drill Cuttings

2017 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irineu Petri Jr. ◽  
Jéssika Marina dos Santos ◽  
Arley Silva Rossi ◽  
Marina Seixas Pereira ◽  
Claudio Roberto Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Heating Unit ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
Gas Drilling

Drill cuttings generated by oil and gas drilling process are incorporated into the drilling fluid to ensure an efficient drilling and solids removal. The drilling rigs have a separation system accountable for separating drill cuttings and drilling fluids. Microwave drying is a new technology of separation that has been studied as an alternative to the currently drill cuttings dryer used. The results obtained in preliminary studies showed that this microwave drying is sensitive to different oxides presents into the rock. Thus, this study aimed to describe the microwave heating kinetics of some rocks in order to verify the interaction of oxides with electromagnetic waves. For this, the oxide contents of the rocks were determined by X-ray Fluorescence and different rocks were heated in a microwave heating unit. The results showed that the relationship between the temperature and heating time is exponential and depends on the rock oxide contents. It was found that the iron oxides may be unstable at microwave and rocks with high levels of magnesium oxides and sulfates tend to be good absorbers of microwave. Rocks containing high levels of calcium, silicon, titanium, barium and chloride (NaCl) are not good absorbers of microwave. It was also noted that faster solid heating, lesser the efficiency of microwave drying.

Research on HSE Risk Assessment and Control in Oil-Gas Drilling Operations

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 500-506
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Guang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Fuzzy Evaluation ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Oil Gas

As the leading of oil and gas exploration and development, oil-gas drilling operations with high investment, high technology, and other industries interchange and perennial wild characteristics, there are various HSE risks during operation. Constructing HSE risk assessment system of oil-gas drilling operations, using AHP to construct indicators were analyzed and compared, and calculate the index weight. Then build fuzzy evaluation matrix based on expert evaluation method, get fuzzy evaluation result is "high risk". Finally, from four aspects (people, object, environment, and management) proposed HSE control measures.

scholarly journals Occupational hazards at the Irkutsk region oil and gas production facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-485
Author(s):  
S. S. Timofeeva ◽  
N. A. Popova
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Production Facilities

The oil and gas industry belongs to the high risk activity. Today, the enterprises engaged in this field including oil and gas production facilities implement a risk-based approach, which involves the identification of risk criteria and risk categories, timely reassessment of risks based on updated and formed normative legal documents. In this regard, the purpose of this research is the analysis of the management system of occupational hazards and measures to minimize them using innovations and innovative solutions at the oil and gas production facilities in the Irkutsk region of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is working conditions and occupational hazards at the oil and gas production facilities of two leading oil companies of the Irkutsk region: they are the Irkutsk branch of Gazprom Bureniye LLC and the Irkutsk branch of RN-Bureniye LLC. As a result possible reasons for the discrepancy between the physical factors of the working environment of oil industry workers when pеrforming works on oil rigs are analyzed. Professional risks having been assessed, a register of high-risk professions and hazardous areas of technological processes under the operation of oil and gas drilling rigs has been compiled. The professions studied in this paper are classified as high-risk and medium-risk ones. It is found out that the negative effects of moving machines and mechanisms, general vibration, local vibration, noise, low air temperatures in winter are unacceptable. To minimize unacceptable risks, it is proposed to introduce a low-cost technology for visualizing hazardous areas on a drilling rig with the installation of proven innovative safety barriers in addition to the related training of employees.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Drilling Fluid Activity on the Hydration Behavior of Shale Reservoirs in Northwestern Hunan, China

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 3151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Cao ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Ting Bao ◽  
Pinghe Sun ◽  
Tianyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Adsorption Rate ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Surface Hydration ◽  
The Relationship

The interaction between drilling fluid and shale has a significant impact on wellbore stability during shale oil and gas drilling operations. This paper investigates the effects of the drilling fluid activity on the surface and osmotic hydration characteristics of shale. Experiments were conducted to measure the influence of drilling fluid activity on surface wettability by monitoring the evolution of fluid-shale contact angles. The relationship between drilling fluid activity and shale swelling ratio was determined to investigate the osmotic hydration behavior. The results indicate that, with increasing drilling fluid activity, the fluid–shale contact angles gradually increase—the higher the activity, the faster the adsorption rate; and the stronger the inhibition ability, the weaker the surface hydration action. The surface adsorption rate of the shale with a KCl drilling fluid was found to be the highest. Regarding the osmotic hydration action on the shale, the negative extreme swelling ratio (b) of the shale was found to be: bKCl < bCTAB < bSDBS. Moreover, based on the relationship between the shale swelling ratio and drilling fluid activity, shale hydration can be divided into complete dehydration, weak dehydration, surface hydration, and osmotic hydration, which contributes to the choice of drilling fluids to improve wellbore stability.

Decontamination of Drilling Fluid Waste from Coalbed Methane Well

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 962-968
Author(s):  
Li Jun Guo ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Huan Yu Hu ◽  
Hai Ning Liu ◽  
Jia Lu
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Waste Polymer

Coalbed methane drilling can produce drilling fluid waste, and inappropriate treatment will influence the environment and subsequent operation. Because of the scattered coalbed methane well locations and cost reasons, domestic and foreign conventional oil and gas drilling fluid waste method cannot be copied. So the solidified method is more appropriate. Referencing the region of Lin Fen, by detecting five wells’ waste drilling fluid indoor, the indexes are pH, coloration, suspended matter, BOD5, COD, total chromium and hexavalent chromium. The drilling fluid index of waste-polymer is beyond the Grade-2 National Wastewater Discharge Standards, but the waste Fuzzy-Ball based drilling fluid reach the standards. It has been designed indoor that the formula of waste Fuzzy-Ball based drilling fluid solidified method’s which is mainly based on cement. The indexes of leaching solution are pH, coloration, suspended matter(99mg/l), BOD5(52.3mg/l), COD(117.4mg/l), total chromium(0.32mg/l), hexavalent chromium(0.13mg/l) and the leaching solution can reach the Grade-2 National Wastewater Discharge Standards. Solidification mud can achieve without large appliance and can deal with 200m3 waste Fuzzy-Ball based drilling fluid of JU2-H well in 10 days, its indexes of leaching solution can reach the Grade-2 National Sewage Discharge Standards. The strengths must be sure for the later vehicle transporting and the cultivation after land fill. Using Fuzzy-Ball based drilling fluid when drill can ensure the source controlling of waste drilling fluid pollution. At the same time, it can cost lower and operate easier.

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts And Social Concerns - A Case Study Associated With Petroleum Exploration Activities From Onshore Baram Delta, NW Sarawak

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
John Jong ◽  
◽  
Quoc Tan Tran ◽  
Franz L. Kessler ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Social Environmental

The onshore Baram Delta, located in NW Sarawak is the birthplace of petroleum production in Malaysia. The Miri oilfield was first discovered in 1910 and subsequently abandoned in 1972 with intermittent exploration activities in the late 1980’s to early 1990’s. To rejuvenate exploration interest and to identify remaining hydrocarbon potential of the study area, in 2009-2010 JX Nippon acquired gravity, then regional 2D seismic data, followed-by exploration well drilling from 2011-2014. This paper discusses the social-environmental impacts and concerns associated with these petroleum exploration activities, from acquisition of seismic where explosives and vibroseis were used as a source of propagating signals, to exploration drilling with petroleum chemicals such as water-based muds used to facilitate the drilling operations. Overall, the inquiry addresses operational challenges, security of explosive storage and concern for handling explosives in the field, the social-environmental impacts of seismic acquisition operations, as well as removal of drilling fluid chemicals and disposal of contaminated cuttings. Containment procedures and mitigation measures undertaken to alleviate these social-environmental impacts are discussed according to the guidelines and regulatory requirements provided by the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), in conjunction with PETRONAS Procedures and Guidelines for Upstream Activities (PPGUA) and the company’s Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Management System. In the final analysis, significant environmental and social challenges were certainly encountered while planning and conducting petroleum exploration activities in the study area. These challenges include problems related to topographic variabilities, permitting issues, compensations for affected lands and cash crops; layout constraints, drilling operations, well control measures for blowout prevention, traffic controls, potential damage to infra-structures, explosive and equipment transportation. However, with proper planning, effective communication with the local authorities, and awareness sessions conducted for the affected parties and stakeholders; together with the support of the local communities the operations have not only managed to mitigate these social and environmental concerns, the exploration activities also provided economic benefits such as hotel accommodation, logistics and transportation demands for local businesses, and short-term employment opportunities for the local people. Ultimately, the operations successfully acquired nearly 900-line km of seismic across many villages, longhouses, and in the city areas, with four exploration wells were drilled in the exploration block. We are glad to report that both seismic and drilling operations were conducted successfully and safely with minimal interruptions to people and environment, without untoward incidents or spills. With the mitigation measures in place, there were no damages other than land access, which were remediated, where incurred.

Utilization of Nano and Micro Particles to Enhance Drilling Mud Rheology

2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 435-447
Author(s):  
Lina Jassim ◽  
Robiah Yunus ◽  
Umer Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Mud Cake ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Harsh Conditions

Nanoparticles have been used to overcome the limitations of drilling oil and gas wellbores under harsh conditions of high pressure and high temperature (HPHT). In the present work, calcium carbonate (CaCO3: 5 µm particles), graphene (powder and platelets) and carbon nano sphere nanoparticles were used as rheology enhancer and fluid loss agent for HTHP drilling fluid technology. The results revealed that by adding only 0.1 wt% of nanoparticles to ester-based drilling mud improved the stability for drilling deep and ultra-deep wells up to 230°C. Furthermore, adding graphene powder gave more effective results comparing to graphene platelets and carbon nano sphere. The mud can plug 10 µm of formation size with 8 ml of filtration and 775 mD of permeability using (21/2 × 1/4 ) inch of ceramic disc. The nanoparticle enhanced ester-based drilling fluid also showed superior rheology, fluid loss amount and mud cake thickness. The application of nano ester based drilling fluid is in oil and gas drilling industry.

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