scholarly journals PEMEROLEHAN KALIMAT BAHASA INDONESIA ANAK USIA LIMA TAHUN (THE ACQUISITION OF INDONESIAN SENTENCE CHILDREN AGED FIVE YEARS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Haeriyah Novita
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Nominal Phrase ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Adverbial Phrase ◽  
Research Type ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

AbstractAcquisition is a process of mastery of language done by children naturally when he learned the firstlanguage or his mother tongue. In this case, there are two processes that occur in it, namely the acquisitionof language and language learning. Thus, language acquisition is concerned with the first language, whilelanguage learning is concerned with a second language. This study aims to describe the acquisition ofphrases and sentences of Indonesian children aged five years.This research uses a qualitative approachwith descriptive research type of analysis. All data obtained from the speech of a five-year-old childas a source of data. Techniques refer libat proficient, recording techniques, and techniques record is atechnique used by the author to collect data in this study.The results of this study found variations ofphrases and sentences. The phrase in question is a phrase consisting of a nominal phrase, a verbal phrase,a numeral phrase, an adverbial phrase, a preposition phrase, and an adjective phrase. In addition, thefive-year-old also has sentences consisting of core sentences and non-core sentences, single sentences andcompound sentences, major sentences and minor sentences, verbal sentences and non-verbal sentences,as well as free and bound sentences.Thus, the results of this study can be used as one of the comparativematerials with subsequent studies that will examine the acquisition of Indonesian sentence of five-yearoldchild although the aspects studied vary.Key words: earnings, sentences, children five yearsAbstrakPemerolehan Kalimat Bahasa Indonesia Anak Usia Lima Tahun. Pemerolehan merupakan prosespenguasaan bahasa yang dilakukan oleh anak secara natural pada waktu ia belajar bahasa pertamaatau bahasa ibunya. Dalam hal ini, terdapat dua proses yang terjadi di dalamnya, yakni pemerolehanbahasa dan pembelajaran bahasa. Jadi, pemerolehan bahasa berkenaan dengan bahasa pertama,sedangkan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pemerolehan frasa dan kalimatbahasa Indonesia anak usia lima tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif denganjenispenelitian deskriptif analisis. Seluruh data yang didapatkan dari ujaran-ujaran anak usia lima tahunsebagai sumber data. Teknik simak libat cakap, teknik rekam, dan teknik catat merupakan teknik yangdigunakan penulis untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini.Hasil penelitian ini ditemukannyabentuk-bentuk frasa dan kalimat yang bervariasi. Frasa yang dimaksud adalah frasa yang terdiri darifrasa nominal, frasa verbal, frasa numeral, frasa adverbial, frasa preposisi, dan frasa adjektival. Selainitu anak usia lima tahun tersebut juga sudah memperoleh kalimat yang terdiri dari kalimat inti dankalimat non-inti, kalimat tunggal dan kalimat majemuk, kalimat mayor dan kalimat minor, kalimat246verbal dan kalimat non-verbal, serta kalimat bebas dan terikat. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian inidapat dijadikan salah satu bahan pembanding dengan penelitian-penelitian selanjutnya yang akanmengkaji tentang pemerolehan kalimat bahasa Indonesia anak usia lima tahun walaupun dengan aspekyang dikaji berbeda-beda.

scholarly journals PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA PADA MASYARAKAT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahayu Prasetyowati
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Environment

Language as a means of communication with interactions between people has an important role in everyday life. In this case language can be in the form of written, spoken or certain symbols which are taken to convey ideas, communication, information so that others can understand and understand. Humans are social resources, who cannot live alone and need others. With human language that can be accessed and continuously connected with each other. Universal languages, therefore, languages throughout the world are basically the same, which is determined by the variety of languages that is only understood by a group of languages. Learned from humans begins with children learning to compile talking. The language that was first obtained was referred to as mother tongue. The method used is 1) see method and 2) descriptive research method. The results showed that the first language was related to language acquisition, while the second language was related to language learning. Good acquisition of language learning, interrelated where the social environment can not be associated with the success of language acquisition in society.Keywords: language; language acquisition; first language; second language; environment

FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING THROUGH TEXTBOOKS IN ALBANIAN SCHOOLS (COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW OF ALBANIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2319-2324
Author(s):  
Rina Muka ◽  
Irida Hoti
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Grammatical Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Third

The language acquired from the childhood is the language spoken in the family and in the place of living. This language is different from one pupil to another, because of their social, economical conditions. By starting the school the pupil faces first the ABC book and then in the second grade Albanian language learning through the Albanian language textbook. By learning Albanian language step by step focused on Reading, Writing, Speaking and Grammar the pupil is able to start learning the second language on the next years of schooling. So, the second language learning in Albanian schools is related to the first language learning (mother tongue), since the early years in primary school. In our schools, the second language (English, Italian) starts in the third grade of the elementary class. On the third grade isn’t taught grammar but the pupil is directed toward the correct usage of the language. The textbooks are structured in developing the pupil’s critical thinking. The textbooks are fully illustrated and with attractive and educative lessons adequate to the age of the pupils. This comparative study will reflect some important aspects of language learning in Albanian schools (focused on Albanian language - first language and English language - second language), grade 3-6. Our point of view in this paper will show not only the diversity of the themes, the lines and the sub-lines but also the level of language knowledge acquired at each level of education. First, the study will focus on some important issues in comparing Albanian and English language texts as well as those which make them different: chronology and topics retaken from one level of education to another, so by conception of linear and chronological order will be shown comparatively two learned languages (mother tongue and second language). By knowing and learning well mother tongue will be easier for the pupil the foreign language learning. The foreign language (as a learning curriculum) aims to provide students with the skills of using foreign language written and spoken to enable the literature to recognize the achievements of advanced world science and technology that are in the interest of developing our technique. Secondly, the study will be based on the extent of grammatical knowledge, their integration with 'Listening, Reading, Speaking and Writing' as well as the inclusion of language games and their role in language learning. The first and second language learning in Albanian schools (grade III-VI) is based on similar principles for the linearity and chronology of grammatical knowledge integrated with listening, reading, writing and speaking. The different structure of both books help the pupils integrate and use correctly both languages. In the end of the sixth grade, the pupils have good knowledge of mother tongue and the second language and are able to write and speak well both languages.

First and Second Language Learning: Same or Different?

1976 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Macnamara
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
First Language ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Considerable Body

The thesis of the following paper is that the process of learning a second language, if it produces successful results, is the same as that of learning a first language. The paper reviews various objections that have been raised against this thesis, and it discusses the considerable body of research which explores it. It examines the appropriateness of the research data for throwing light on the validity of the thesis. It concludes with some practical guidelines for language teachers drawn from observations of babies learning their mother tongue.

Raadsels van tweedetaalverwerving

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Jan H. Hulstijn
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
First Language ◽  
Fast Acquisition ◽  
Developmental Sequences

This paper predicts that the study of second language acquisition, as a young discipline of scientific inquiry in its own right, faces a bright future, but only if its scholarly community critically re-examines some notions and assumptions that have too long been taken for granted. First, it is time to reconsider familiar dichotomies, such as second versus foreign language and natural versus instructed language learning. Furthermore, it is worth checking whether and to what extent the puzzling phenomena to be explained by language acquisition theories do really exist (such as uniformity and success and fast acquisition rates in first language acquisition and universal developmental sequences in second language acquisition). The paper furthermore pleas for a multidisciplinary approach to the explanation of the fundamental puzzles of first and second language acquisition and bilingualism, including bridging the divide between psycholinguistic and socio-cultural theories.

scholarly journals Usage-based Approaches to Second Language Acquisition: Cognitive and Social Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Yaghoob Javadi ◽  
Fakhereh Kazemirad
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
First Language ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Language Experience ◽  
Learning Language

Usage-based approaches focus on learning language through engaging in the interpersonal communicative and cognitive processes. They consider language as the best accomplishment of our social and cognitive competences which bridges society and cognition. Based on usage-based approaches, language can be learned from language use, by means of social skills and generalizations over usage events in interaction. These approaches actually explore how language learning occurs through language experience. Therefore, usage-based approaches are input-dependent and experience-driven and assume frequency of usage as an inseparable part of language learning which plays an important role in the language production, language comprehension, and also grammaticality of the patterns. While usage-based approaches have been successful in showing how first language is learnt from the input, it is still less clear how these approaches can be made use of in second language learning. The present study provides an overview of the usage-based approaches to second language acquisition and their cognitive and social underpinnings. Firstly, the notion, underlying tenets, and major constructs of usage-based approaches are summarized. Then usage-based linguistics is described in detail. Finally, cognitive and social aspects of usage-based approaches are taken into account.

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES OF SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IN CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Haerazi Haerazi
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
First Language ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Home Culture ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
School Day

To understand the principles of second language acquisition, we could adopt a variety of perspective. Research on second language acquisition (SLA) by children and adults is characterized by many different subfields and perspectives, both cognitive and social in orientation. Although children feature as participants in this research, it is relatively rare to find reviews or overviews of SLA that deal specifically with child SLA although there are a few important exceptions. This general lack of focus on children’s SLA is somewhat surprising, considering that data from children as first language learners have often provided a basis and impetus for SLA theorizing. Among the best-known first language studies to prove influential was Brown’s seminal work showing a predictable order of morpheme acquisition by children under the age of three. Many early years settings now welcome children and families from different cultures who use languages other than English. Young children who are starting to learn English as an additional language may also be attending a nursery school, pre-school, day nursery or child-minder perhaps for the first time. They will bring with them many skills and experiences from their home culture and will be both anxious and excited about their new situation. A good foundation for learning English as an additional language is embedded in quality early years practice. To know more about the principle of second language acquisition in children, this paper will present some issues related with it such as the nature and the role of language learning and the logical problem in language learning.

المركّب في اللغة العربية واللغة الإندونيسية : دراسة تحليلية تقابلية

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zubaidi
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Nominal Phrase ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Idiomatic Phrase ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Adverbial Phrase ◽  
Research Type

Abstrak: Dalam pembelajaran bahasa kedua dikenal analisis kontrastif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif komparatif, berjenis Library research. Data dihimpun dengan teknik dokumentasi. Adapun analisisnya menggunakan analisis konten dan analisis kontrastif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan, bahwa terdapat sejumlah jenis frasa serta perbedaan dan persamaan antara frasa dalam BI dan BA. Frasa dalam BI : 1. Frasa setara, 2, frasa bertingkat, 3. Frasa terpadu. 4.Frasa benda setara, 5. Frasa benda bertingkat berstruktur M-D dan DM, 6. Frasa benda terpadu, 7. Frasa kerja berstruktur DM-MD, 8. Frasa sifat berstruktur DM-MD, 9. Frasa preposisi, 10. Frasa keterangan, frasa pronominal, 12. Frasa biasa, 13. Frasa idiomatic dan 14. Frasa ambigu. Sedang dalam BA: 1. Frasa Isnadi, 2. Frasa Idhofi, 3. Frasa bayani mencakup : frasa washfi, frasa taukidi, frasa badali, 4. Frasa ‘adadi, 5. Frasa jarri, 6. Frasa musyari, 7. Frasa munadi, 8. Frasa maushuli, 9. Frasa mazji, 10. Frasa tamyizi, 11. Frasa fi’li, 12. Frasa ‘athfi.Abstract: In the second language learning, known contrastive analysis. This researchuses a comparative descriptive approach, a library research type. The data werecollected by documentation. As for its analysis, using content analysis and contrastive analysis. This research resulted in findings; that there are several types of phrases as well as the differences and similarities between phrases in Indonesian and Arabic. Phrases in Indonesian: 1. Exocentric phrase, 2. Endocentric phrase, 3. Integrated phrase. 4. Exocentric nominal phrase, 5. MD and DM structured nominal phrase, 6. Integrated nominal phrase, 7. DM-MD structured verbal phrase, 8. DM-MD structured adjectival phrase, 9. Prepositional phrase, 10. Adverbial phrase, 11. Pronominal phrase, 12. Simple phrase, 13. Idiomatic phrase and 14. Ambiguous phrase. While in Arabic: 1. Isnadi phrase, 2. Idhofi phrase, 3. The bayani phrases include: washfi phrase, taukidi phrase, badali phrase, 4. ‘Adadi phrase, 5. Jarri  phrase, 6. Mushari phrase, 7. Munadi phrase, 8. Maushuli phrase, 9. Mazji phrase, 10. Tamyizi phrase, 11. Fi’li phrase, 12. ‘Athfi phrase.

scholarly journals The role of feedback and instruction on the cross-situational learning of vocabulary and morphosyntax: Mixed effects models reveal local and global effects on acquisition

2020 ◽  
pp. 026765832092774
Author(s):  
Padraic Monaghan ◽  
Simón Ruiz ◽  
Patrick Rebuschat
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
First Language ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Learning Condition ◽  
Learning Instruction ◽  
Improved Learning

First language acquisition is implicit, in that explicit information about the language structure to be learned is not provided to children. Instead, they must acquire both vocabulary and grammar incrementally, by generalizing across multiple situations that eventually enable links between words in utterances and referents in the environment to be established. However, this raises a problem of how vocabulary can be acquired without first knowing the role of the word within the syntax of a sentence. It also raises practical issues about the extent to which different instructional conditions – about grammar in advance of learning or feedback about correct decisions during learning – might influence second language acquisition of implicitly experienced information about the language. In an artificial language learning study, we studied participants learning language from inductive exposure, but under different instructional conditions. Language learners were exposed to complex utterances and complex scenes and had to determine the meaning and the grammar of the language from these co-occurrences with environmental scenes. We found that learning was boosted by explicit feedback, but not by explicit instruction about the grammar of the language, compared to an implicit learning condition. However, the effect of feedback was not general across all aspects of the language. Feedback improved vocabulary, but did not affect syntax learning. We further investigated the local, contextual effects on learning, and found that previous knowledge of vocabulary within an utterance improved learning but that this was driven only by certain grammatical categories in the language. The results have implications for theories of second language learning informed by our understanding of first language acquisition as well as practical implications for learning instruction and optimal, contingent adjustment of learners’ environment during their learning.

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