scholarly journals Evaluasi Edukasi Personal Dalam Pemahaman, HBA1c dan Kualitas Hidup Pasien DM Tipe 2 di Sidoarjo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Khurin In Wahyuni ◽  
Martina Kurnia Rohmah ◽  
Herni Setyawati
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Sugar Levels

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit degeneratif tertinggi ke-enam di dunia, dimana prevalensi diabetes semakin meningkat sejalan dengan perubahan gaya hidup masyarakat yang cenderung konsumtif dan minim aktifitas fisik. Diabetes Mellitus ditandai dengan kenaikan gula darah karena kelainan insulin, resistensi insulin atau bisa juga keduanya. Salah satu upaya untuk penanganan dan pencegahan timbulnya peningkatan DM tipe 2 adalah dengan pemberian edukasi menggunakan media booklet. Edukasi merupakan penyampaian pesan kesehatan kepada kelompok atau individu dengan tujuan memperoleh pemahaman dan peningkatan kualitas hidup yang ditandai dengan penurunan HBA1c yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pemahaman, kualitas hidup dan perbedaan kadar gula darah sebelum dan sesudah pemberian edukasi dengan media booklet terhadap pasien DM tipe 2 di Sidoarjo. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Random Control Trial Design. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2020 dengan sampel 60 pasien. Pengukuran pemahaman menggunakan kuesioner DKQ Quessioner, perubahan perilaku menggunakan kuesioner DQOL sedangkan penetapan kadar HBA1c dengan alat tes gula darah. Hasil analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan uji Mann Whitney dimana terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara, pemahaman, kualitas hidup serta kadar gula darah HBA1c sebelum dan sesudah edukasi.  Pada hasil uji Spearman’Rank’s kelompok intervensi diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,586 dengan signifikansi 0,001 untuk pemahaman dengan HBA1c, hasil pemahaman dengan kualitas hidup diperoleh korelasi dengan nilai 0,552 dan p= 0,002. Pada uji korelasi antara HBA1c dengan kualitas hidup diperoleh nilai -0,434, sedangkan signifikansi diperoleh p=0,017, Hal ini menunjukan hubungan antara variable didapat korelasi sedang. Berdasarkan penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulan bahwa terdapat efektivitas edukasi terhadap pemahaman, A1c dan kualitas hidup. Kata Kunci: Diabetes Mellitus, Edukasi, Pemahaman, Kualitas Hidup, Kadar HBA1C, Kualitas Hidup  Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the sixth highest degenerative diseases in the world, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing in line with changes in people's lifestyles that tend to be consuming and minimal physical activity. DM is characterized by an increase in blood sugar due to insulin disorders, insulin resistance or both. One of the efforts to handle and prevent an increase in type 2 diabetes is trough education using booklet media. Education is the delivery of health messages to groups or individuals to gain understanding and improve the quality of life, marked by a better decrease in HBA1c. This study used a Random Control Trial Design. This study aims to determine the understanding, quality of life and differences in blood sugar levels before and after giving education with booklet media to type 2 DM patients in Sidoarjo. This study was conducted from June-October 2020 with a sample of 60 patients. Measurement of understanding using the DKQ Quessioner questionnaire, behavior change using the DQOL questionnaire while HBA1c levels using a blood sugar test kit. The results of quantitative analysis were carried out using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Mann Whitney test, from these results there were significant differences between, understanding, quality of life and blood sugar levels of HBA1c before and after education. While the results of the Spearman 'Ranks test for the intervention group obtained a correlation coefficient of -0.586 with a significance of 0.001 for understanding with HBA1c, the results of understanding with quality of life obtained a correlation with a value of 0.552 and p = 0.002. In the correlation test between HBA1c and quality of life, the value -0.434, while the significance was p = 0.017, and this shows the relationship between variables obtained moderate correlation. From this research, there is educational effectiveness on understanding, A1c and quality of life.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SENAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DM TIPE 2 DI PUSKESMAS PAKIS SURABAYA

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lono Wijayanti ◽  
Ghady Anggun M
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Patient ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Almost All

The type of sport suggested for Diabetes Mellitus patient is Diabetes Gym, but most societies, especially diabetes mellitus patients are lazy to do it. On diabetes mellitus type 2, diabetes gym acts as glycemic control which manages and control blood sugar rate. This research purposes to know diabetes gym influence toward the decrease of blood sugar rate on Diabetes Mellitus patient type 2 in Puskesmas Pakis Surabaya. This research used quasy experiment design. Total of the population of all Diabetes Mellitus patients type 2 is 28 respondents taken by probability sampling - simple random sampling technique; 14 respondents in control group and 14 respondents in treatment group. The independent variable is Diabetes Gym and the dependent variable is the decrease of blood sugar rate. Data are collected by using Glucometer, striptest, needle and observation sheet. Data are analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test with α < 0.05. The result of this research shows that almost all of the respondents in the treatment group have a good category of blood sugar decrease after performing gym, meanwhile almost all of the respondents in control group that do not perform gym have an adequate category of blood sugar decrease. Then, the result is analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test and obtained ρ (0,019) < α (0,05) so H0 is refused. It means that there is an influence of diabetes gym to the decrease of blood sugar on the Diabetes Mellitus patients type 2 in Puskesmas Pakis Surabaya. Performing Diabetes Gym influences in decreasing blood sugar rate. Therefore, nurse can take a part in leading diabetes patients to perform diabetes gym so it can be used as the therapy in controlling and decreasing blood sugar rate.

scholarly journals Senam Prolanis Dm Dan Jalan Kaki Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Millitus Tipe II Di Klinik UMP Purwokerto

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Agus Sutiono ◽  
Dedy Purwito
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitor

Diabetes mellitus is one of cronical degenerative disease. The prevalence of sufferers continues to increase every year, one of the non-pharmacological therapies is exercise such as gymnastics prolanis DM and walking exercises to decrease the glucose level by the body muscles during the physical body. Objective this research is to find out the effectiveness of Prolanis and walking exercises in reducing blood sugar levels in DM patients type II. Method this study uses the Quasi experiment with pre and post with two group design. The study population was 92 DM patients type II with a sample of 82 people. Glucometer (Auto check blood glucose monitor) is used to collect the data. Wiloxon Test is used to analyze the statistical data. Results the research shows that the value of Prolanis Exercises (DM) is p=0.002 which means a significant influence on decrease of the sugar level of DM patients type II. Meanwhile the value of walking exercises is p=0.001. From the statistic test of WIlconxon Signed Rank Test, It obtained Z correlation = 7.886. It means that there is a significant correlation between Prolanis and walking exercises towards the decrease of blood sugar level of Diabetes Mellitus patients type II. Physical activities done regularly, measurably, and correctly are suggested to be considered as non-pharmacological therapies for Diabetes Mellitus patients type II to decrease blood sugar level. Keywords: Prolanis Exercises (DM), Walking, sugar blood level.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Program Empathic Caring Consultation terhadap Professional Quality of Life Pada Psikolog

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Anya Asbar ◽  
Maya Khairani ◽  
Marty Mawarpury
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Professional Quality Of Life ◽  
Professional Quality ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test

This study aims to determine the effect of the Empathic Caring Consultation (ECC) program on Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) in psychologists. This study involved seven psychologists. The research sample was taken using purposive sampling method. The research method used was one group pretest-post test design. ProQOL is measured using the Professional Quality of Life Version V scale, while the implementation of ECC training refers to the concept of Prawitasari. Analysis using Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a significant value (p) = 0.340 (BO); 0.932 (STS); 0.496 (CS) (p> 0.05). The results of the study showed that there was no effect of the ECC program on ProQOL on psychologists. This is because there are several variations of the three ProQOL components before and after treatment.

scholarly journals Improving Self Empowerment And Quality Of Life Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With DEE Based On Health Promotion Model

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Nian Afrian Nuari ◽  
Melani Kartikasari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Diabetes Empowerment

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires individual ability of patients to adhere treatment of the disease recommended by doctors. Patient should be able to manage the diabetes to prevent complications by maximizing existing aspects within themselves to determine the best option available. The purpose the study was to analyze the effect of diabetes empowerment education to self empowerment and quality of life of patients with type 2 DM at the Puskesmas Bendo Kediri. Method: This study used quasy experiment design with non randomized control group pretest posttest design. Total sampel was 32 respondents divided into control group and experiment group, sample  recruited by purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaire with DES (Diabetes Empowerment Scale) and DQoL (Diabetes Quality of Life). Data were then analyzed using Wilcoxon Sign rank test and Mann Whitney with level of significance of 0,05. Result: The results showed that there was a differences in self empowerment and quality of life of patients with type 2 DM after intervention. Mann Whitney analysis result`s showed that there are differences in self empowerment between control and experiment groups (p = 0,029) and there was a difference in the quality of life between control and experiment groups (p = 0,022). It can be referred from it that DEE influences self empowerment and quality of life of type 2 DM patients. Discussion: It can be concluded that diabetes empowerment education increasing selfempowerment and quality of life of patients with DM type 2. Further studies should using  more objective parameters such as changes in blood sugar levels, hemoglobin A1C values to evaluate the effect of diabetes empowerment education on self-empowerment and quality of life of patients with DM.  Keywords: diabetes, education, self empowerment, quality of life, HPM,DEE

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DZIKIR TERHADAP STRES DAN GULA DARAH ACAK PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Novilia Qurotun Nisbah ◽  
Harmayetty Harmayetty ◽  
Lingga Curnia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Random Blood Sugar ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Sugar Levels

Pendahuluan: Diabetes Mellitus merupakan salah satu penyebab stres pada penyakit kronis. Stres mempengaruhi kontrol glukosa darah, kepatuhan, biaya perawatan, dan kematian. Dzikir merupakan salah satu alternatif terapi yang dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan stress dan kadar gula darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu Menganalisa pengaruh pemberian dzikir terhadap stress dan gula darah acak pada pasien diabetes mellitus.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan quasi- eksperimental pre posttest with control group design dengan jumlah sampel 60 pasien Diabetes Mellitus yang, berusia 40-60 tahun, dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan 30 orang dan intervensi 30 orang dan menggunakan metode purposive sampling.  independen yaitu dzikir dan variable dependen terdiri dari stres dan kadar gula darah acak. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) untuk mengukur stress serta glucometer untuk mengukur kadar gula darah acak. Uji statistik yang digunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan Mann Whitney Test dengan signifikansi α ≤ 0,05.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat stress setelah intervensi (Wilcoxon signed rank test p=0,000, Mann Whitney test p=0,000) dan nilai gula darah acak setelah diberikan intervensi (Wilcoxon signed rank test    p=0,000, Mann Whitney test p=0,047).Kesimpulan: Dzikir dan doa mengurangi stress dan kecemasan dengan cara membantu individu membentuk persepsi yang lain selain ketakutan yaitu keyakinan bahwa stressor apapun dapat di hadapi dengan baik dengan bantuan Tuhan. Dzikir mempengaruhi stres dan gula darah pada pasien dengan diabetes mellitus. Namun selain zikir, penerimaan penyakit dan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan akan memaksimalkan perawatan yang sedang dijalani. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the causes of stress on chronic diseases. Stress affects blood glucose control, compliance, treatment costs, and death. Dhikr is one of the therapeutic alternatives that can be used to reduce stress and blood sugar levels. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of dzikir on stress and random blood sugar in patients with diabetes mellitus.Method: The study used a quasi-experimental pre-test approach with control group design with a sample of 60 Diabetes Mellitus patients aged 40-60 years, divided into two groups of treatment group 30 people and intervention 30 people and using methods Purposive sampling. Variables consist of dhikr, stress and random blood sugar levels. This research uses Diabetes Distres Scale (DDS) Questionnaire instruments as well as glucometers to measure random blood sugar levels. The statistical test used was the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Mann Whitney Test with a significance of α ≤ 0.05.Results:  The results showed that the level of stress before and after the administration of Dhikr in the treatment group had a difference in value with significance p = 0.000. Whereas on blood sugar levels random group treatment acquire significance value P = 0,047.Conclusion: Dhikr and prayer reduce stress and anxiety by helping individuals form perceptions other than fear that is the belief that any stressor can be dealt with well with the help of God. Dhikr affects stress and blood sugar in patients with diabetes mellitus. But in addition to dhikr, acceptance of diseases and compliance with treatment will maximize the treatment that is being lived

scholarly journals A Large Randomized Trial: Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) for Breast Cancer (BC) Survivors on Salivary Cortisol and IL-6

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile A. Lengacher ◽  
Richard R. Reich ◽  
Carly L. Paterson ◽  
Melissa Shelton ◽  
Steve Shivers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction

Breast cancer survivors (BCS) often experience psychological and physiological symptoms after cancer treatment. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), a complementary and alternative therapy, has reduced subjective measures of stress, anxiety, and fatigue among BCS. Little is known, however, about how MBSR affects objective markers of stress, specifically the stress hormone cortisol and the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). In the present study, BCS ( N = 322) were randomly assigned to a 6-week MBSR program for BC or usual-care control. Measurements of cortisol, IL-6, symptoms, and quality of life were obtained at orientation and 6 weeks. Cortisol and IL-6 were also measured prior to and after the MBSR(BC) class Weeks 1 and 6. The mean age of participants was 56.6 years and 69.4% were White non-Hispanic. Most had Stage I (33.8%) or II (35.7%) BC, and 35.7% had received chemotherapy and radiation. Cortisol levels were reduced immediately following MBSR(BC) class compared to before the class Weeks 1 and 6 (Wilcoxon-signed rank test; p < .01, d = .52–.56). IL-6 was significantly reduced from pre- to postclass at Week 6 (Wilcoxon-signed rank test; p < .01, d = .21). No differences were observed between the MBSR(BC) and control groups from baseline to Week 6 using linear mixed models. Significant relationships with small effect sizes were observed between IL-6 and both symptoms and quality of life in both groups. Results support the use of MBSR(BC) to reduce salivary cortisol and IL-6 levels in the short term in BCS.

scholarly journals The Incidence and Severity of Drug Interactions Before and After Antiretroviral Therapy Simplification in Treatment-Experienced Patients With HIV Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Nicholas V. Hastain ◽  
Aleena Santana ◽  
Jason J. Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Background: Current guidelines advocate for antiretroviral therapy (ART) simplification in patients on complicated regimens. Simplifying ART improves patient adherence and quality of life, but changes in drug interactions (DIs) are uncertain. Objective: This study assessed changes in DIs following ART simplification in patients with HIV. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective cohort study of patients attending an urban HIV clinic. Patients were included if they had ART simplification (a decreased number of daily tablets) and ≥1 concomitant medication (CM). Total DI scores were generated for each patient pre–ART simplification and post–ART simplification using an online DI database. Each ART-CM pair labeled as “do not co-administer” was given a score of 2, “potential interaction” a score of 1, or “no interaction” a score of 0. Differences in total DI scores following simplification were analyzed with a Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. Predictors of DI score reductions were examined with linear regression. Results: A total of 99 patients were included. Their median age was 54 years, and 79% were male. The median durations of HIV infection and ART were 16 and 10 years, respectively. Patients were receiving an average of 4.5 CMs. Median interaction scores presimplification and postsimplification were 3 (interquartile range [IQR], 1-6) and 1 (IQR, 0-2) respectively ( P < 0.001). Predictors of score reductions were the patient’s number of CMs, discontinuing a protease inhibitor, and switching to a dolutegravir-based regimen. Conclusion and Relevance: ART simplification decreased the incidence of DIs in this analysis of patients with advanced age who had ART experience and polypharmacy.

scholarly journals INCREASING SELF EMPOWERMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH DIABETES EMPOWERMENT EDUCATION BASED ON HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Nian Afrian Nuari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Individual Ability ◽  
Diabetes Empowerment

Introduction. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires individual ability of patients to adhere treatment of the disease recommended by doctors. The purpose the study was to analyze the effect of diabetes empowerment education to self empowerment and quality of life of patients with type 2 DM.Method. This study used quasy experiment design with non randomized control group pretest posttest design. Total sampel was 32 respondents divided into control group and experiment group, sample recruited by purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaire with DES (Diabetes Empowerment Scale) and DQoL (Diabetes Quality of Life). Data were then analyzed using Wilcoxon Sign rank test and Mann Whitney with level of significance of 0,05.Result. The results showed that there were differences in self empowerment and quality of life of patients with type 2 DM after intervention. Mann Whitney analysis result`s showed that there are differences in self empowerment between control and experiment groups (p = 0,029) and there was a difference in the quality of life between control and experiment groups (p = 0,022). It can be referred from it that DEE influences self empowerment and quality of life of type 2 DM patients.Discussion. It can be concluded that diabetes empowerment education increasing selfempowerment and quality of life of patients with DM type 2. Keywords: diabetes, education, self empowerment, quality of life, DEE, HPM

scholarly journals Video-based health education to support insulin therapy in diabetes mellitus patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinda M.N. Ratri ◽  
Khusnul Fitri Hamidah ◽  
Arina D. Puspitasari ◽  
Muhammad Farid
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Design And Methods

Background: The improper use of insulin usually leads to some unexpected effects, hence, there is a need for right usage. Lack of knowledge and of understanding are key factors leading to the occurrence of medication errors, which could be avoided with proper education. Therefore, an appealing education alternative, such as video, is needed to improve patient’s knowledge and attitudes towards insulin therapy. Design and Methods: One-group pretest and posttest design were conducted on 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were receiving subcutaneous insulin therapy at Internal Medicine Unit in Universitas Airlangga Teaching Hospital. The patients filled the provided questionnaires to measure their knowledge and attitudes, before and after watching the video on insulin therapy education. Then, data obtained were analysed with SPSS using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Method. Results: Based on the results, there was an increase in the value of the patient’s knowledge, with the value of Z=-8.212 and P<0.05. Similarly, there was an increase in the patient’s attitudes with the value of Z=-8.234 and P<0.05. Conclusions: Insuline therapy video increases the knowledge and improves the attitude of diabetes mellitus patients towards insulin therapy.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus patients’ fasting blood sugar levels and quality of life following brief pharmacist counseling with reminders and motivational messages

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Okta Muthia Sari ◽  
Ginanjar Zukhruf Saputri ◽  
Akrom .
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Fasting Blood Sugar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motivational Messages

Background:  For chronic disease patients, pharmacist counselling with motivating reminder messages has been developed throughout time to promote the success of patient treatment. Diabetes mellitus is a long-term condition. Blood sugar control and an improved quality of life are therapeutic goals in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to determine whether changes in fasting blood sugar and quality of life occurred in individuals with diabetes mellitus who received pharmacist counselling coupled by motivating reminder messages.Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pre-test-post-test design with control and intervention groups. Data on patients with type 2 diabetes were obtained prospectively at Jetis 1 primary health care in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Seventy-two respondents who met the inclusion criteria were separated into two groups: the control group (36 participants) and the intervention group (36 participants). The patients’ quality of life was assessed using the 36-item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire.Results: Following pharmacist counselling coupled by motivating reminder messages, patients’ mean fasting blood sugar reduced significantly (∆ 34.85±63.36), while their mean quality of life score increased considerably (∆ 13.73±9.22).Conclusions: Pharmacist counselling combined with motivating reminder messages can help patients with type 2 diabetes lower their fasting blood sugar and enhance their quality of life. The provision of pharmacist counselling followed by brief reminders and motivational messages may be considered to improve type 2 diabetes patient management.

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