scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF DETERMINATION OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF EXECUTIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF MEASURES TO INCREASE ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Author(s):  
D. Derevyanko ◽  
A. Kolodiazhna ◽  
Y. Nуtsun

The work is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of determining the economic indicators of the feasibility of implementing measures to improve energy efficiency. In contrast to energy saving, which aims to reduce the consumption of energy resources, energy efficiency is a matter of appropriate energy consumption. That is, the use of less energy for the same level of supply of buildings or industries. The topic is relevant, because now energy prices are rising every year. At the same time, the International Energy Agency estimates an increase in total resource needs by 25% by 2040.  To achieve this goal, standard measures aimed at improving the energy efficiency of buildings, the effects of the implementation of these measures, a number of economic indicators, including PP, ARR, NPV, PI, BCR, SIR, MARR, IRR and DPP, were analyzed, evaluated and grouped. The focus was on the dynamic group of indicators due to the fact that their calculation involves the use of a discounting procedure. The general scheme of all dynamic indicators is the same and is based on forecasting costs and revenues for the planning period. The indicators of this group take into account changes in the value of money over time, which is neglected by the indicators of the static group. The most popular indicators are the calculation of net present value (NPV) and the definition of profitability index (PI). This work can be used to solve the problem of low energy efficiency and insufficient funding for the modernization of the building

Author(s):  
Анатолий Петрович Дзюба

Цель статьи - представить разработанную автором методику ранжирования регионов России по уровню общего вклада в реализацию комплекса мер в энергосбережение и повышение энергетической эффективности экономики России. Автором проведено эмпирическое исследование промежуточных результатов реализации мер по повышению энергетической эффективности в России за период 2010-2019 гг. Выполнено исследование направления и динамики изменения потребления электроэнергии за исследуемый период на уровне федеральных округов и регионов России. Научная новизна заключается в выполнении ранжирования регионов, либо территориальных образований по уровню общего вклада каждого региона на основе разработанных показателей. Такое ранжирование выполнено и относительно роста спроса и общего вклада регионов в электропотребление на уровне общего экономического пространства. На основе полученных результатов автором проведена группировка регионов с целью предоставления рекомендаций для каждой региональной группы, направленных на повышение энергетической эффективности в масштабах экономики России. The article is devoted to the description of the methodology developed by the author for ranking Russian regions according to the level of total contribution to the implementation of a set of measures in energy conservation and increasing the energy efficiency of the Russian economy. The author conducts an empirical study of the intermediate results of the implementation of measures to increase energy efficiency in Russia for the period 2010-2019. The study analyzes the direction and dynamics of changes in electricity consumption for the period under study at the level of federal districts and regions of Russia. On the basis of the ranking results obtained, the author has grouped the regions with recommendations for each regional group according to the need to improve energy efficiency on the scale of the Russian economy.


Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Bányai

Energy efficiency and environmental issues have been largely neglected in logistics. In a traditional supply chain, the objective of improving energy efficiency is targeted at the level of single parts of the value making chain. Industry 4.0 technologies make it possible to build hyperconnected logistic solutions, where the objective of decreasing energy consumption and economic footprint is targeted at the global level. The problems of energy efficiency are especially relevant in first mile and last mile delivery logistics, where deliveries are composed of individual orders and each order must be picked up and delivered at different locations. Within the frame of this paper, the author describes a real-time scheduling optimization model focusing on energy efficiency of the operation. After a systematic literature review, this paper introduces a mathematical model of last mile delivery problems including scheduling and assignment problems. The objective of the model is to determine the optimal assignment and scheduling for each order so as to minimize energy consumption, which allows to improve energy efficiency. Next, a black hole optimization-based heuristic is described, whose performance is validated with different benchmark functions. The scenario analysis validates the model and evaluates its performance to increase energy efficiency in last mile logistics.


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunčana Slijepčević ◽  
Davor Mikulić ◽  
Kristijan Horvat

In order to improve energy efficiency, the Croatian government introduced an individual metering obligation for all district heat network users. The purpose of the research was to evaluate this policy measure regarding its effects on tenants’ behavior and energy savings, but also from the perspective of cost-effectiveness. The sample includes approximately 20% of all Croatian users of district heat energy. Energy savings related to the installation of heat cost allocators are calculated by comparing the specific heat energy consumption, corrected for the number of heating degree days, in periods before and after the installation of the heat cost allocators. The cost-effectiveness assessment is based on the concept of the net present value. The transition to individual metering in Croatia resulted in significant energy savings averaged from 20 to 35%. However, low heat energy prices in cities with a dominant share of heat energy consumption did not ensure a positive net present value of investment for all buildings.


2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Joshua Stabler

In June 2011, the International Energy Agency released the 2011 World Energy Outlook (WEO) series that posed the thought-provoking question: ‘Are we entering a golden age of gas?’ In response to this bold question, this paper first investigates the world’s electricity supply by each fuel type and how the WEO expectations have changed over time. This helps define the progress of the world targets for the ‘Golden Age of Gas’. To provide context to Australian gas conditions, this paper delves deeply into two of the most important international markets in the world: USA and China. Each of these countries are placed in the five fastest growing gas production countries in the world but have had substantially different engagements with gas and their domestic electricity profiles. Each country’s response to the electricity generation-source dilemma has resulted in diametrically opposed carbon emission outcomes. Finally, this paper turns to the Australian experience with gas. As the fifth fastest growing gas producing nation, and now the largest liquefied natural gas exporter in the world, Australia has rapidly shifted from energy price isolation to having strong links to international energy prices. These international price linkages have been applied across both gas and coal markets and have occurred simultaneously with the combination of a wave of renewable energy construction, traditional energy generation exit and paralysed government policy. This leaves a revised question: has the Golden Age of Gas passed Australia?


Subject UK government energy efficiency initiative Significance The government had previously cooled towards environmental protection measures, but it has now introduced rules that oblige landlords to improve energy efficiency in the rented buildings sector. The initiative comes as household energy bills remain high, despite recent reductions in energy prices, and the political salience of energy affordability has risen. Fuel poverty and the potential of improved energy efficiency to mitigate it are issues across much of the EU. Impacts The government's initiative may encounter implementation difficulties, particularly if the new rules are not given a high public profile. High retail energy prices will keep energy affordability as a politically salient issue, in the UK and EU. The current slump in international oil prices has yet to feed fully into sustained reductions in retail gas and electricity prices. A drop in retail energy prices could blunt the momentum behind policies to improve energy efficiency, and revive energy demand.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevena Veselinović ◽  
◽  
Jelena Nikolić

The food industry is a large consumer of energy that depends on fossil fuels, the combustion of which releases large amounts of CO2. The paper examines the possibility of reducing the use of non – renewable energy sources through a detailed energy audit and consideration of measures to increase energy efficiency and renewable energy sources in the ice cream craft industry. The cost-effectiveness of the proposed measures is observed for two scenarios. The first scenario covers the current situation in Serbia, in which there are no carbon taxes, and the price of energy is relatively low compared to other countries in Europe. The second „German scenario“ implies carbon taxes in the amount of 55€/tCO2, which is expected to, with the same energy prices, significantly reduce the repayment period and affect the ranking of measures. The analysis is performed to consider how the carbon tax reflects on the motivation of craft producers to improve energy efficiency.


Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Shuangjie Li ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Liming Wang

Improving energy efficiency is an effective way to address the issues of economic development, energy saving and emissions reduction. For any important industries it is therefore necessary to measure energy efficiency and set a practical target for it. In this paper, we use CCR, SBM and energy intensity to measure the energy efficiency of the paper industries of 22 EU countries. Results indicate that the SBM and CCR efficiency value is more meaningful for policy makers than that of energy intensity, as measurement results of energy intensity deviate from reality and economic efficiency. The CCR and SBM have roughly the same fluctuation trends and the average SBM energy efficiency value is 0.71, always 10 percent lower than CCR model, as it takes simultaneous account of both the optimal input-output and has more discriminatory power in efficiency measurement. Furthermore, EU policy makers could improve energy efficiency by raising energy prices. As for the 2030 EU target of energy saving and emission reduction, the EU should pay more attention to five major paper producers: Finland, Sweden, Germany, the United Kingdom and Italy.


2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Enrique Saavedra ◽  
Francisco J. Rey ◽  
Jaime Luyo

El incremento de los precios de la energía eléctrica, las preocupaciones sobre el cambio climático, la independencia y seguridad energética impulsan el cambio del mercado mundial de la iluminación hacia fuentes de luz energéticamente más eficientes. La iluminación, según estimaciones de la International Energy Agency (IEA), representa casi el 20% del consumo mundial de energía eléctrica. En el Perú, según el Ministerio de Energía y Minas, aproximadamente el 35% de la energía primaria (después de la transformación y/o descontadas las pérdidas) es destinada a la generación eléctrica, la cual presenta consumos importantes en iluminación: Sector Residencial 15% a 30%, sector Comercial aprox. 33%, sector Público aprox. 24% y sector industrial 10% a 15%. Dados estos niveles importantes de consumo en sistemas de iluminación, el uso transversal en todos los sectores, la falta de un marco político regulatorio integral, así como la necesidad de determinar y establecer alternativas de eficiencia energética, es necesario el conocimiento de la situación actual y las perspectivas de los sistemas de iluminación. Para lograr el ahorro de energía en iluminación, la IEA recomienda a los gobiernos: Eliminación progresiva de productos de iluminación ineficientes; adoptar iluminación de calidad, fiabilidad y Estándares Mínimos de Eficiencia Energética (MEPS); apoyar el desarrollo, uso y actualización de las normas internacionales de pruebas y los protocolos de medición para reducir los costos de cumplimiento de la industria y apoyar los requerimientos de política nacional; exigir y promover un mejor diseño y gestión de sistemas de iluminación al asegurar que los códigos de construcción promuevan el uso de la luz natural e incluyan MEPS para sistemas de iluminación, incluya información y formación dirigidas a arquitectos, constructores, propietarios y gestores. Actualmente el mercado está dominado por las tecnologías de iluminación convencionales, las cuales están siendo desplazadas por la tecnología de Iluminación de Estado Sólido (SSL). A nivel mundial, la SSL que comprende LED, OLED y la gestión de los sistemas de iluminación, marcan la tendencia con grandes probabilidades de lograr los objetivos de ahorro y eficiencia energética. La SSL ofrece controlabilidad mejorada, nuevos factores de forma (que facilitan el reemplazo de tecnologías convencionales) y nuevas funcionalidades (base de la industria de la iluminación inteligente) que se pueden integrar con sistemas de sensores y de control, lo que permite mayor ahorro de energía. No obstante, la existencia de tecnologías de mayor eficiencia y características lumínicas, existen barreras para su adopción, principalmente: falta de información y sensibilidad, falta de confianza, mayor costo inicial, incentivos inadecuados, temores percibidos relacionados a la salud y el ambiente. Así mismo, hay una serie de barreras para la adopción de productos SSL, estos comprenden principalmente costos iniciales, confiabilidad, estabilidad de color y compatibilidad; que pueden limitar la adopción. Palabras clave.-Sistema de iluminación, Eficiencia energética, Gestión energética, Lámpara, LED. ABSTRACTRising electricity prices, concerns about climate change, independence and energy security drive the shift from the global lighting market to more energy-efficient light sources. Lighting, according to estimates by the International Energy Agency (IEA), accounts for almost 20% of the world's electricity consumption. In Peru, according to the Ministry of Energy and Mines, approximately 35% of primary energy (after processing and / or discounting losses) is destined to electricity generation, which presents important consumption in lighting: Residential Sector 15 % to 30%, Commercial sector approx. 33%, Public sector approx. 24% and industrial sector 10% to 15%. Given these important levels of consumption in lighting systems, transverse use in all sectors, the lack of a comprehensive regulatory policy framework, as well as the need to determine and establish energy efficiency alternatives, it is necessary to know the current situation and The prospects of lighting systems. o achieve energy savings in lighting, the IEA recommends to governments: Progressive elimination of inefficient lighting products; Adopt quality lighting, reliability and minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEPS); Support the development, use and updating of international testing standards and measurement protocols to reduce compliance costs and support national policy requirements; Demand and promote better design and management of lighting systems by ensuring that building codes promote the use of natural light and include MEPS for lighting systems, including information and training for architects, builders, owners and managers. Currently the market is dominated by conventional lighting technologies, which are being displaced by Solid State Lighting (SSL) technology. Worldwide, SSL comprising LED, OLED and the management of lighting systems, mark the trend with great probability to achieve the goals of energy saving and efficiency. The SSL offers improved controllability, new form factors (which facilitate the replacement of conventional technologies) and new functionalities (base of the intelligent lighting industry) that can be integrated with sensor and control systems, allowing greater savings of Energy. However, the existence of more efficient technologies and light characteristics, there are barriers to its adoption, mainly: lack of information and sensitivity, lack of confidence, greater initial cost, inadequate incentives, perceived fears related to health and the environment. Also, there are a number of barriers to adoption of SSL products, these mainly include initial costs, reliability, color stability and compatibility; Which may limit adoption. Keywords.-Lighting system, Energy efficiency, Energy management, Lamp, LED


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Haraldsson ◽  
Maria Johansson

Improved energy efficiency in supply chains can reduce both environmental impact and lifecycle costs, and thus becomes a competitive advantage in the work towards a sustainable global economy. Viewing the supply chain as a system provides the holistic perspective needed to avoid sub-optimal energy use. This article studies measures relating to technology and management that can increase energy efficiency in the supply chains of five aluminium products made in Sweden. Additionally, energy efficiency potentials related to the flows of material, energy, and knowledge between the actors in the supply chains are studied. Empirical data was collected using focus group interviews and one focus group per product was completed. The results show that there are several areas for potential energy efficiency improvement; for example, product design, communication and collaboration, transportation, and reduced material waste. Demands from other actors that can have direct or indirect effects on energy use in the supply chains were identified. Despite the fact that companies can save money through improved energy efficiency, demands from customers and the authorities would provide the additional incentives needed for companies to work harder to improve energy efficiency.


Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (14) ◽  
pp. 3218-3238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin A Kholodilin ◽  
Andreas Mense ◽  
Claus Michelsen

Concerns about global warming and growing scarcity of fossil fuels require substantial changes in energy consumption patterns and energy systems, as targeted by many countries around the world. One key element to achieve such transformation is to increase energy efficiency of the housing stock. In this context, it is frequently argued that private investments are too low in the light of the potential energy cost savings. However, heterogeneous incentives to invest in energy efficiency, especially for owner-occupants and landlords, may serve as one explanation. This is particularly important for countries with a large rental sector, like Germany. Nevertheless, previous literature largely focuses on the payoffs owner-occupants receive, leaving out the rental market. This paper addresses this gap by comparing the capitalisation of energy efficiency in selling prices and rents, for both types of residences. For this purpose data from the Berlin housing market are analysed using hedonic regressions. The estimations reveal that energy efficiency is well capitalised in apartment prices and rents. The comparison of implicit prices and the net present value of energy cost savings/rents reveals that investors anticipate future energy and house price movements reasonably. However, in the rental segment, the value of future energy cost savings exceeds tenants’ implicit willingness to pay by a factor of 2.5. This can either be interpreted as a result of market power of tenants, uncertainty in the rental relationship or the ‘landlord–tenant dilemma’.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document