scholarly journals Distribution of Candida Species amongst Various Clinical Samples from Immunocompromised Patients attending Tertiary Care Hospital, Assam

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (08) ◽  
pp. 1004-1019
Author(s):  
Bornali Sarmah Dutta ◽  
Ajanta Sharma ◽  
Naba Kumar Hazarika ◽  
Purnima Barua ◽  
Sonuwara Begum
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients

scholarly journals Rise in antifungal resistance of Candida species from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital, Kolkata.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. S114
Author(s):  
C.H.A.Y.A.N.I.K.A. BANERJEE ◽  
Swagata Ganguly Bhattacharjee ◽  
Soma Sarkar ◽  
Soumodip Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antifungal Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital

scholarly journals Characterisation and Isolation of Candida Species from ICU Patients in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Bigu Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Ganesh K. Singh ◽  
Kamal Prasad Parajuli ◽  
Kewal Shrestha ◽  
Dharmendra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Medical College

Background Fungi have emerged as major causes of human diseases. Intensive Care Units (ICU), harbor almost all the risk factors for opportunistic fungal infections. Among these, Candida infections are very common with recent trends being rise in the non-Candida albicans (NCA) species along with an increase in resistance of these species to antifungal drugs. Increament in invasive Candidasis during last three decades have been reported in several studies, among all Candida species the Candida albicans is considered as the most common infectious agent the other non-albicans like C. Tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis C. krusei, and C. dubliniensis were raised as infectious agents. The aim of current study is to characterize the candida species from the clinical specimens of patients admitted in the ICU of Tertiary Care hospital in Eastren Nepal and to perform their antifungal susceptibility.Material and Methods The study was carried out in the tertiary care hospital Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital Biratnagar Nepal over a period of 6 monthsbetween September 2015 to February 2016. The following techniques were employed to characterize the isolates in the study – Gram’s stain, culture on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar, Germ Tube test, morphology in Cornmeal Agar and chromogenic agar media, sugar fermentation and sugar assimilation tests, and the results were interpreted by using standard protocols.Results Out of 50 candida isolates from different clinical samples including 37 blood samples, 9 urines and 4 Endo Tracheal (ET) tube, the most common species was C.albicans (44%) followed by C.tropicalis (26%), C.Glabrata (18%), C.Parapsilosis (08%), C.Krusei (02%), and C.Dubliniensis(02%).Conclusion The purpose of the study is to show the value of species isolation, identification and antimicrobial sensitivity testing of the ICU & NICUs patients.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 5, Number 1, Issue 8, January-July 2016, 61-65

Frequency and antibiogram of Acinetobacter species isolated from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Tanu Arora ◽  
◽  
Shailpreet K Sidhu ◽  
Pushpa Devi ◽  
Sita Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Acinetobacter Species

scholarly journals Prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative isolates from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryatara Shilpakar ◽  
Mehraj Ansari ◽  
Kul Raj Rai ◽  
Ganesh Rai ◽  
Shiba Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Esbl Producers

Abstract Background The existence of multidrug-resistant organisms, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), is on rise across the globe and is becoming a severe problem. Knowledge of the prevalence and antibiogram profile of such isolates is essential to develop an appropriate treatment methodology. This study aimed to study the prevalence of Gram-negative isolates exhibiting ESBL at a tertiary care hospital and study their antibiogram profile. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal, from June 2018 to November 2018. A total of 770 clinical samples were collected and identified using the conventional biochemical tests following the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the standardized Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The screening test for ESBL producers was performed as recommended by the CLSI and the confirmatory test was performed phenotypically using the E-test. Results Out of the 92 isolates, 84 (91.3%) were multidrug-resistant, and 47 (51.1%) were found to be potential ESBL producers. Of these, 16 isolates were confirmed ESBL producers by the E-test. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the predominant isolates and were also the major ESBL producers. Besides polymyxin B (100% sensitive), meropenem and imipenem showed high efficacy against the ESBL producers. Conclusion Multidrug resistance was very high; however, ESBL production was low. Polymyxin B and carbapenems are the choice of drugs against ESBL producers but should be used only as the last line drugs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Non-Albicans Candida Among the Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Manisha Sharma ◽  
Narayan Dutt Pant ◽  
Pratikshya Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Test Characteristic ◽  
India Ink

The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of non-albicans Candida among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Candida spp. isolated from different clinical samples (sputum, urine, vaginal swab, blood, endotracheal (ET) secretion, pus) from 250 patients between the period of February 2013 and December 2015 were included in the study. Of those 250 patients, 20% were immunocompromised. Sabouraud dextrose agar was used for the isolation of Candida spp. and the identification was performed on the basis of colony morphology, Gram’s stain, India ink preparation, germ tube test, temperature tolerance test, characteristic color change in CHROMagar, chlamydospore production, sugar fermentation test and sugar assimilation test.Out of total 300 Candida spp., majority were isolated from sputum (43.33%) followed by urine (40%) and vaginal swab (6.67%). Of total 151 (50.33%) non-albicans Candida, the most common species isolated were C. tropicalis (62.25%) followed by C. glabrata (23.84%). High prevalence of non-albicans Candida among the patients attending a hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal was noted.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus to Ceftaroline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Sreedharan ◽  
KB Asha Pai
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital

Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infection is a major global healthcare problem, the prevalence of which varies from 25-50% in India. It is known to cause Skin and Soft tissue Infections (SSI), endovascular infections, endocarditis, pneumonia, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and sepsis. Vancomycin is the drug of choice for treating severe MRSA infections. Ceftaroline, a fifth-generation cephalosporin has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) for treating acute bacterial SSI caused by susceptible micro-organisms including MRSA, Community acquired respiratory tract infection, MRSA bacteremia and endocarditis. Aim: To assess the susceptibility of clinical isolates of S. aureusto ceftaroline, in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a Tertiary Care Hospital over a period of two months from June 2019 to July 2019. S.aureus isolates from various clinical samples were screened for methicillin resistance by disc diffusion method using cefoxitin disc and ceftaroline susceptibility of these isolates was assessed by E-strip method. The isolates were classified as ceftaroline susceptible, Susceptibility Dose Dependent (SDD) and ceftaroline resistant respectively as per CLSI guidelines. A descriptive analysis of the data was done and the results were presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: All the S.aureus isolates were found to be susceptible to ceftaroline. Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) isolates had lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) when compared to MRSA. The highest MIC among MRSA was 0.5 μg/mL. Conclusion: Ceftaroline can be considered as an effective alternative for treatment of infections caused by MRSA.

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