Device-to-Device Communication and NOMA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrasen Singh
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Base Station ◽  
D2d Communication ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
High Data ◽  
Link Distance ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Device To Device ◽  
Simple Language ◽  
The Many

Device-to-Device (D2D) Communication and Non Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) have become topics of interest for researchers. They are widely recognized as techniques of the next generation cellular wireless networks. D2D technique offers uninterrupted communication among proximate mobile users without transferring data to the base station. This can provide high data rates and power control mechanisms. If D2D direct link distance is more, or the quality of channel is poor then the direct D2D communication gives larger propagation losses. This type of scenarios use relay assisted D2D communication, for improving the transmission capacity and coverage. Where as NOMA ) is one of the many technologies that promise greater capacity gain and spectral efficiency than the present state of the art, and is a candidate technology for 5G cellular networks In this book, fundamentals, state of the art, applications and research challenges of D2D and NOMA have been discussed in simple language

Enabling Device-to-Device Technology in 5G Heterogeneous Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-212
Author(s):  
Hanan H. Hussein ◽  
Hussein A. Elsayed ◽  
Sherine M. Abd El-kader
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Base Station ◽  
D2d Communication ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
End User ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Device To Device ◽  
Cellular Wireless Networks

5G is the next step in the evolution of mobile communication. The evolving 5G cellular wireless networks are envisioned to provide higher data rates, enhanced end-user quality-of-experience (QoE), reduced end-to-end latency, and lower energy consumption. Device to device (D2D) is one of the key technologies provided to enhance 5G performance. Direct communication between two devices without involvement of any central point (i.e., base station) is defined as device to device (D2D) communication. It is a recommended technique to enhance the network performance of 5G in terms of energy efficiency, throughput, latency, and spectrum utilization. In this chapter, the authors provide a detailed survey on the integration of D2D communication into cellular network especially 5G network. The survey highlights the potential advantages; classifications and application for D2D technology have been indicated. Main D2D standards have been presented. Finally, the chapter addresses main topics that could be related to D2D and indicates all major possible challenges that face most researchers.

A MAC Protocol for Terahertz Ultra-High Data-Rate Wireless Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 427-429 ◽  
pp. 2864-2869
Author(s):  
Zhi Ren ◽  
Ya Nan Cao ◽  
Shuang Peng ◽  
Hong Jiang Lei
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Terahertz Wave ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
High Data Rate ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
High Data ◽  
Large Bandwidth ◽  
Data Rates

The terahertz wave is a kind of electromagnetic waves which locates between millimeter waves and infrared lightwaves, and the frequency range is 0.14THz~10THz. Terahertz is used as a carrier wave to communicate with each other because it has large bandwidth which can support Gbps wireless data rates. Therefore, terahertz communication technologies become research hot spots in recent years. However, its still rare in MAC protocol of terahertz ultra-high data-rate wireless networks at present. In order to realize wireless access of ultra-high data-rate under the condition of terahertz carrier frequency, a novel MAC protocol is proposed in this paper. The improved MAC protocol which makes the maximum data rates reach up to 10Gbps or higher is designed by new MAC control mechanisms, new time-slots allocation schemes and new superframe structure. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the new proposed MAC protocol of terahertz ultra-high data-rate wireless networks can operation normally, and the maximum data rate can reach up to 19.2Gbps. This maximum data rate is 2 times higher than 5.78 Gbps which IEEE 802.15.3c can achieve.

scholarly journals Handover Management for D2D Communication in 5G Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4409
Author(s):  
Wei Kuang Lai ◽  
Chin-Shiuh Shieh ◽  
Fu-Sheng Chou ◽  
Chia-Yu Hsu ◽  
Meng-Han Shen
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
D2d Communication ◽  
Expected Improvement ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Handover Management ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Handover Procedure ◽  
Device To Device

This study addresses the handover management issue for Device-to-Device communication in fifth-generation (5G) networks. The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) drafted a standard for proximity services (ProSe), also named device-to-device (D2D) communication, which is a promising technology in offering higher throughput and lower latency services to end users. Handover is an essential issue in wireless mobile networks due to the mobility of user equipment (UE). Specifically, we need to transfer an ongoing connection from an old E-UTRAN Node B (eNB) to a new one, so that the UE can retain its connectivity. In the data plane, both parties of a D2D pair can communicate directly with each other without the involvement of the base station. However, in the control plane, devices must be connected to the eNB for tasks such as power control and resource allocation. In the current standard of handover scheme, the number of unnecessary handovers would be increased by the effect of shadowing fading on two devices. More important, the handover mechanism for D2D pairs is not standardized yet. LTE-A only considers the handover procedure of a single user. Therefore, when a D2D pair moves across cell boundaries, the control channels of the two UEs may connect to different base stations and result in increased latency due to the exchange of D2D related control messages. Hence, we propose a handover management scheme for D2D communication to let both parties of a D2D pair handover to the same destination eNB at the same time. By doing so, the number of unnecessary handovers, as well as the handover latency, can be reduced. In the proposed method, we predict the destination eNB of D2D users based on their movements and the received signal characteristics. Subsequently, we make a handover decision for each D2D pair by jointly factoring in the signal quality and connection stability. Expected improvement can be attained, as revealed in the simulation. Unnecessary handover can be avoided. Consequently, both UEs of a D2D pair reside in the same cell and, therefore, result in increased throughput and decreased delay.

scholarly journals VolPy: Automated and scalable analysis pipelines for voltage imaging datasets

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. e1008806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changjia Cai ◽  
Johannes Friedrich ◽  
Amrita Singh ◽  
M. Hossein Eybposh ◽  
Eftychios A. Pnevmatikakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Correction ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Automated Segmentation ◽  
Voltage Imaging ◽  
High Data ◽  
Memory Mapping ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Scalable Analysis

Voltage imaging enables monitoring neural activity at sub-millisecond and sub-cellular scale, unlocking the study of subthreshold activity, synchrony, and network dynamics with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. However, high data rates (>800MB/s) and low signal-to-noise ratios create bottlenecks for analyzing such datasets. Here we present VolPy, an automated and scalable pipeline to pre-process voltage imaging datasets. VolPy features motion correction, memory mapping, automated segmentation, denoising and spike extraction, all built on a highly parallelizable, modular, and extensible framework optimized for memory and speed. To aid automated segmentation, we introduce a corpus of 24 manually annotated datasets from different preparations, brain areas and voltage indicators. We benchmark VolPy against ground truth segmentation, simulations and electrophysiology recordings, and we compare its performance with existing algorithms in detecting spikes. Our results indicate that VolPy’s performance in spike extraction and scalability are state-of-the-art.

scholarly journals Time and Spatial Jitter Influence on the Performance of FSO Links with DF Relays and OC Diversity over Turbulence Channels

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Panagiotis J. Gripeos ◽  
Hector E. Nistazakis ◽  
Andreas D. Tsigopoulos ◽  
Vasilis Christofilakis ◽  
Evgenia Roditi
Keyword(s):  
Critical Factor ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Optical Wireless Communications ◽  
Time Jitter ◽  
Diversity Techniques ◽  
High Data ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Turbulence Effect ◽  
The Many

FSO communication is a viral technology among optical wireless communications, gathering the interest of both researchers and manufacturers. This is because of the many advantages associated with FSO communication, including high data rates, reliability, safety, and economy. However, there are several unavoidable drawbacks that shadow the performance of FSO systems. For example, atmospheric turbulence is a well-known problem related to the weather conditions of the channel, which causes the scintillation effect. Also, spatial jitter due to pointing errors is a critical factor of the link’s performance, caused by occasional misalignments between the transmitter and the receiver. Moreover, time jitter is another limiting agent that deteriorates the total throughput, inducing bit stream misdetections, caused by the arrival of out-of-sync pulses. All three effects have been exhaustively studied and many statistical models and interesting solutions have been proposed in the literature to estimate their magnitude and compensate for their impact. In this work, the turbulence effect was treated by Málaga distribution, the spatial jitter effect was regulated by the non-zero boresight model, and the time jitter effect was modeled by the generalized Gaussian distribution. Various modulation schemes were studied, along with DF multi-hop and optimal combining diversity techniques at the receiver’s end. New, accurate mathematical expressions of average BER performance have been obtained, and valuable conclusions were drawn thanks to the presented numerical results.

Design and Measurement Results for Cooperative Device to Device Communication

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Naveen Gupta ◽  
Vivek Ashok Bohara ◽  
Vibhutesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sharing ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Base Station ◽  
D2d Communication ◽  
Direct Transmission ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Device To Device ◽  
Experimental Testbed

In this chapter, the authors present the simulation and measurement results for direct and single hop device-to-device (D2D) communication protocols. The measurement results will further argument the development of D2D communication and will also help in understanding some of the intricate design issues which were overlooked during theoretical or computer simulations. The measurements were taken on a proof-of-concept experimental testbed by emulating a cellular scenario in which a Base station (BS) and many D2D enabled devices coordinate and communicate with each other to select an optimum communication range, transmit parameters, etc. A testbed (Multi-carrier) was developed using Software Defined radio which incorporates the concept of Spectrum Sharing through static sub-carrier allocation to D2D user by cellular system which will eventually enhance the performance of cellular as well as D2D communication system. Our purposed and deployed protocol have shown significant improvement in received Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) as compared to conventional direct transmission schemes.

Multicast Through Device to Device Communication Using Enhanced Diffie–Hellman Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Satish Kumar ◽  
P. V. R. D. Prasada Rao
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
End User ◽  
High Data ◽  
Diffie Hellman ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Device To Device ◽  
Device To Device Communication ◽  
Main Station ◽  
Restricted Geographical Area ◽  
Efficient Transmission

The mobile device demand has been increased and it is estimated that in upcoming 10 years, the wireless cellular demand will increase up to 500 times. And it is not possible only with the cellular networks to satisfy this huge demand. To meet the huge requirement from the mobile end user, 5G networks enabled device to device communication can be applied. Device to Device (D2D) connection is the direct link among the two devices without the intervention of main station. Thus, D2D reduces the latency. And 5G are supported for the high data rates. Furthermore, for efficient transmission, multicast device to device communication is used. Multicast distrubutes the messages to multiple users of the restricted geographical area. Trustworthy communication is necessary for multicast D2D communication. Enhanced Diffie–Hellman algorithm is used for the trustworthiness.

Multicast Through Device to Device Communication using Enhanced Diffie-Hellman Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3594-3596
Author(s):  
M. Satish Kumar Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
End User ◽  
High Data ◽  
Diffie Hellman ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Device To Device ◽  
Device To Device Communication ◽  
Main Station ◽  
Restricted Geographical Area ◽  
Efficient Transmission

The mobile device demand has been increased and it is estimated that in upcoming 10 years, the wireless cellular demand will increase up to 500 times. And it is not possible only with the cellular networks to satisfy this huge demand. To meet the huge requirement from the mobile end user, 5G networks enabled device to device communication can be applied. Device to Device (D2D) connection is the direct link among the two devices without the intervention of main station. Thus, D2D reduces the latency. And 5G are supported for the high data rates. Furthermore, for efficient transmission, multicast device to device communication is used. Multicast distrubutes the messages to multiple users of the restricted geographical area. Trustworthy communication is necessary for multicast D2D communication. Enhanced Diffie-Hellman algorithm is used for the trustworthiness.

scholarly journals Resource Allocation Algorithms for Indoor D2D Communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1292-1296
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Base Station ◽  
D2d Communication ◽  
Throughput Maximization ◽  
Resource Allocation Algorithm ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Device To Device ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Allocation Algorithms

Device to Device (D2D) communication in cellular networks is defined as direct communication between two mobile users without traversing the data through the base station (BS). Indoor D2D communication refers to transmission between two users within a building or in a closed space. Resource allocation is a plan for using available resources efficiently and the resources are allocated for optimal functioning of the D2D network. The algorithms for optimizing D2D network is characterized by the parameters like matching network, noise, throughput maximization and few more. In this work, our aim is to develop resource allocation algorithms for indoor D2D communication. An efficient resource allocation algorithm for device to device communication and a suitable frequency allocation technique in order to avoid call blockage should be designed. The main challenge in this work is to allocate resources to D2D users without affecting cellular users efficiency. These optimal resource allocation works efficiently and also adapt to time and location variation. The process involved in each algorithm is elaborated.

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