Molecular Phylogeny of Sunflower Cultivars of Teddy Bear, Skyscraper, Lemon Queen and Common Sunflower Using RAPD Markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gabriella Ashari Tanudharma ◽  
Nurtjahjo Dwi Sasongko ◽  
Alice Yuniaty
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Teddy Bear ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Helianthus or sunflower is a genus of plant comprising about 70 species. Common sunflower and other members of Helianthae are cultivated in temperate regions and some tropical regions as food crops for humans, cattle, poultry, and as ornamental plants.  The common sunflower is valuable with respect of economic and ornamental point of view. There are many cultivars of sunflower including teddy bear, skyscraper, and lemon queen. Variation among these cultivars has been studied using molecular techniques and the result were used to develop the phylogeny among them. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is one of molecular techniques that were used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to contruct the phylogeny of three sunflower cultivars and common sunflower based on RAPD markers. The RAPD primers used in this study were OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-4, OPB5, OPB-7, and OPB-11. Data analysis based on molecular data showed that genetic relationship among Lemon Queen, Skyscraper, Teddy Bear and Common sunflower based on RAPD markers shows that the cultivars studied are grouped into three main groups, namely: Group I Lemon Queen and Skyscraper, Group II Teddy Bear, and Group III Common sunflower; the closest kinship is shown between Lemon Queen and Skyscraper.

Linkage Analysis of Sex Determination in Bracon sp. Near hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Alisha K Holloway ◽  
Michael R Strand ◽  
William C Black ◽  
Michael F Antolin
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Parasitic Wasp ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Diploid Males ◽  
Phenotypic Marker ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sex Locus

Abstract To test whether sex determination in the parasitic wasp Bracon sp. near hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is based upon a single locus or multiple loci, a linkage map was constructed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The map includes 71 RAPD markers and one phenotypic marker, blonde. Sex was scored in a manner consistent with segregation of a single “sex locus” under complementary sex determination (CSD), which is common in haplodiploid Hymenoptera. Under haplodiploidy, males arise from unfertilized haploid eggs and females develop from fertilized diploid eggs. With CSD, females are heterozygous at the sex locus; diploids that are homozygous at the sex locus become diploid males, which are usually inviable or sterile. Ten linkage groups were formed at a minimum LOD of 3.0, with one small linkage group that included the sex locus. To locate other putative quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sex determination, sex was also treated as a binary threshold character. Several QTL were found after conducting permutation tests on the data, including one on linkage group I that corresponds to the major sex locus. One other QTL of smaller effect had a segregation pattern opposite to that expected under CSD, while another putative QTL showed a female-specific pattern consistent with either a sex-differentiating gene or a sex-specific deleterious mutation. Comparisons are made between this study and the indepth studies on sex determination and sex differentiation in the closely related B. hebetor.

scholarly journals Occurrence and genetic variability of Candida parapsilosis sensu lato in Hungary

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Kocsubé ◽  
Mónika Tóth ◽  
Csaba Vágvölgyi ◽  
Ilona Dóczi ◽  
Miklós Pesti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Group I

The occurrence and genetic variability of Candida parapsilosis isolates in two Hungarian hospitals, located in Debrecen and Pécs, were examined. Among the 209 Candida isolates examined, 20 were found to belong to C. parapsilosis sensu lato, based on morphological, physiological and molecular data. The frequency of occurrence of C. parapsilosis isolates (9.6 %) was lower than that observed in Europe but higher than that observed previously in Hungary. The genetic variability of C. parapsilosis sensu lato isolates was also examined using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and sequence analysis of the intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene cluster. The genetic variability of the isolates was relatively high, as revealed by RAPD analysis. Two isolates were found to belong to the recently described Candida metapsilosis species (C. parapsilosis group III), based on ITS sequence data, RAPD analysis and phenotypic data. These two isolates could also be distinguished from C. parapsilosis sensu stricto isolates using a primer pair developed for the detection of C. parapsilosis group I isolates. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on the identification of C. metapsilosis from bloodstream infection.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Serum Profile in Bitches Treated for Transmissible Venereal Tumor by Autohaemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
C. K. Lakde A. D. Patil ◽  
S. K. Sahatpure A. P. Gawande
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Vaginal Examination ◽  
Kidney Function Tests ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Liver And Kidney

A total of 18 bitches in the period in the period of six month diagnosed for transmissible venereal tumor in Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Nagpur by per vaginal examination and vaginal cytology. These bitches were divided randomly into three groups, viz., Group I (Inj. Vincristine @ 0.025mg/kg slow IV in DNS and Injection Botropase 1ml IM for 1st week), Group II (Inj. Vincristine @ 0.025mg/kg slow IV in DNS and Tab. Amoxycillin and Potassium Clavinate for first 7 days orally) and Group III (treated with autohaemotherapy@10 ml whole blood IM) for once in week and continue for 5 week. At the time of treatment, liver and kidney function tests were performed. During the course of treatment significant variation was noted in Group I and II in BUN values while creatinine values changes significantly in all treatment groups. In case of SGPT only significant changes observed in Group I. Rest of the changes in serum prolife found to be non significant. Also from recovery point of view we noted that, it was faster in Group I and II compare than Group III. Side effects observed only in Group I and II. From the study we concluded that autohaemotherapy will be an alternate option for treatment of TVT in bitches who shows the excessive side effects of Vincristine Sulphate.

scholarly journals Description and analysis of genetic diversity among squash accessions

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios L. Tsivelikas ◽  
Olga Koutita ◽  
Anastasia Anastasiadou ◽  
George N. Skaracis ◽  
Ekaterini Traka-Mavrona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group

In this work, the part of the squash core collection, maintained in the Greek Gene Bank, was assessed using the morphological and molecular data. Sixteen incompletely classified accessions of the squash were characterized along with an evaluation of their resistance against two isolates of Fusarium oxysporum. A molecular analysis using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers was also performed, revealing high level of polymorphism. To study the genetic diversity among the squash accessions, a clustering procedure using Unweighed Pair Group Method and Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) algorithm was also adopted. Two independent dendrograms, one for the morphophysiological and one for molecular data were obtained, classifying the accessions into two and three main clusters, respectively. Despite the different number of the clusters there were many similarities between these two dendrograms, and a third dendrogram resulting from their combination was also produced, based on Gower's distance and UPGMA clustering algorithm. In order to determine the optimal number of clusters, the upper tail approach was applied. The more reliable clustering of the accessions was accomplished using RAPD markers as well as the combination of the two different data sets, classifying the accessions into three significantly different groups. These groups corresponded to the three different cultivated species of C. maxima Duch., C. moschata Duch., and C. pepo L. The same results were also obtained using Principal Component Analysis.

scholarly journals Studies on Characterization of Molecular Variability Using RAPD Markers in Rhizoctonia solani Isolated from Different Gerographical Regions of South India

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-603
Author(s):  
Krishna Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
South India ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Molecular Variability ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Molecular techniques have become reliable and are highly suitable tools for identifying pathogen species and for genetic variation. The molecular marker is a useful tool for assessing genetic variations. RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers have been used to characterize the numerous filamentous fungi collected from different fields of experimental mycology. Rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus which cause sheath blight in rice. Present work focused on polymorphic identification and characterization of Rhizoctonia solani isolate. Twenty eight samples were collected from different locations of South India and Punjab. Rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris) were isolated and used polymorphic examination by molecular markers. Molecular analysis was done with OPC-5, OPC-2, OPA-8 and OPA-11primers and the variability of isolated fungus DNA, allowed the visualization of 265 polymorphic bonds with molecular weight ranging from 0.5kb to 20kb significant differences in RAPD profiles of 28 isolates of R. Solani were found with two primers OPC-5 and OPC-2. To analyze the resolving ability of these primers, cumulative RAPD profiles generated by the primers were analyzed by UPGMA. The dendrogram constructed using 265 polymorphic bonds obtained from 28 isolates with 5 primers was divided into 7 clusters. Based on these results it was concluded that there was a molecular variability among the isolates of R. solani was depicted.

scholarly journals RAPD profiling in detecting genetic variation in Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae)

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-362
Author(s):  
Xiaobang Peng ◽  
Majid Khayyatnezhad ◽  
Leila Ghezeljehmeidan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Main Center

Stellaria species are common herbs, preferred humid mountainously slopes, but some grew in desert. Main center of diversification for Stellaria is Eurasia, with a center of distribution in the mountains of central Asia. Some species are also cosmopolitan. It is represented by 9 species in Iran. The genus has high medicinal value. To determine the genetic diversity and understand the species? limits within the Iranian Stellaria, we produced molecular data using 139 randomly collected plants representing 8 species from five provinces of Iran. A total of 122 reproducible bands were generated by 10 of 25 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, with an average of 12.2 bands/primer and 33% polymorphism. Largest number of effective alleles (Ne), genetic diversity (H), and Shannon Index (I) were shown by S. media. Our data depicted highest similarity between S. media and S. pallida and lowest between S. media and S. graminea. S. pallida showed relatively low level of genetic variation. Finally, the Neighbor Joining (NJ) trees based on RAPD markers data divided the populations into two different clusters, indicating their genetic difference which is discussed in details.

scholarly journals Genetic relationships among species of the genus Bothrops based on RAPD markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Grazziotin ◽  
Sergio Echeverrigaray
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Similarity Groups

The genetic relationships among 11 species of Bothrops found in Brazil were determined using random amplified fragment (RAPD) information. A total of 239 amplified bands were scored using 20 aleatory primers. Most of the bands (88.7%) were polymorphic. Phylogenetic analysis of the data determined three similarity groups within Bothrops: Group I- B. alternatus, B. neuwiedi, B. cotiara, and B. jararacusu; Group II- B. insularis, B. jararaca, and B. erythromelas; and Group III- B. moojeni, B. leucurus, and B. atrox. These groups coincided with those obtained by other methods, indicating that RAPD's could be a useful tool for the evaluation of genetic relationships at the interspecific level.

DETECTION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN STYGOBITIC ISOPODS USING RAPD MARKERS

Crustaceana ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 625-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta De Filippo ◽  
Marco Bazzicalupo ◽  
Giuseppe Messana ◽  
Mariella Baratti
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Cette Technique ◽  
Rapd Fingerprints ◽  
Electrophoretic Data ◽  
Polymorphisme Génétique ◽  
Populations Naturelles

AbstractThree species of the stygobitic isopod genus Stenasellus have been described from Italy: Stenasellus racovitzai, S. nuragicus, and S. assorgiai. Recent electrophoretic data suggest the presence of more than one species in the "racovitzai"-group. In order to clarify the degree of genetic variability and the evolutionary trends in the "racovitzai-group, we have analysed three natural populations currently known from Italy and Corsica, by the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)" technique. RAPD has proven to be a rapid and valid method for the detection of intra and interspecific genetic polymorphism in Crustacea and to be suitable for the analysis of DNA of preserved samples. This technique was carried out to generate RAPD fingerprints from the populations of the five localities. The molecular data obtained by RAPD markers confirm previously obtained morphological and electrophoretic results. Trois especes du genre d'Isopodes stygobie Stenasellus ont ete decrite d'Italie: Stenasellus racovitzai, S. nuragicus et S. assorgiai. De recentes donnees electrophoretiques suggerent la presence de plus d'une espece dans le groupe "racovitzai. Afin de clarifier le degre de variabilite genetique et la tendance evolutionnaire dans ce groupe, nous avons analyse trois populations naturelles couramment connues d'Italie et de Corse par la technique "Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)". Cette technique s'est revelee une methode rapide et valable de detection du polymorphisme genetique intra- et interspecifique chez les Crustaces, et appropriee a l'analyse de DNA des echantillons conserves. Cette technique a ete effectuee pour produire les empreintes RAPD des populations des cinq localites. Les donnees moleculaires obtenues par les marqueurs RAPD confirment les resultats morphologiques et electrophoretiques precedemment obtenus.

Toltrazuril (Baycox®) treatment against coccidiosis caused by Eimeria sp. in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sokół ◽  
M. Gesek ◽  
M. Raś-Noryńska ◽  
M. Michalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Coturnix Japonica ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix Japonica ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
Group I ◽  
Commercial Farms

Abstract Coccidiosis is the most predominant parasitic disease affecting Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in commercial farms. Coccidiosis as a subclinical infection is difficult to diagnose without parasitological examinations. Oocysts of two Eimeria species, E. bateri and E. tsunodai, were determined in the analysed quail flock. Infected birds were administered Baycox 2.5% at the dose of: group I - 7 mg toltrazuril/kg BW per day provided in drinking water (1.5 ml/0.5 l H2O) that was available 24 h for 2 days, group II - 14 mg/kg BW (3 ml/0.5 l H2O), and group III - 24.5 mg/kg BW (5 ml/0.5 l H2O); in groups II and III, the solutions were available 8 h/24 h for 2 days. After the first day of the treatment, the number of excreted oocysts (OPG - oocysts per gram) increased, a steady decrease in oocyst counts began on the second day of Baycox administration and lasted until a three-day period when no oocyst were determined in faecal samples. Regardless of the dose applied, toltrazuril (Baycox) completely eliminated E. bateri coccidia and led to a highly significant reduction in the number of E. tsunodai oocysts. The results suggest that the effectiveness of toltrazuril varies depending on coccidia species and developmental stages of the parasite. From the clinical point of view, the treatment applied significantly reduces the number of coccidia oocysts in commercial flocks of Japanese quails.

scholarly journals ANALISIS TAKSOMETRI Anthurium SCHOTT (ARACEAE)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Muhammad Falah ◽  
Pudji Widodo ◽  
Hexa Apriliana Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Similarity Relationship ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Anthurium Schott is one of the commercial ornamental plants in Indonesia. This genus has a high morphological variation amongst its species. This study aims to determine the similarity relationship amongst Anthurium based on morphological characters including stems, leaves, and inflorescences. This study was carried out from June to July 2012 in several locations in Purwokerto and Baturraden area, and Balai Benih Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (B2TPH) Banyumas Regency. This study used explorative method with purposive random sampling. The results of the analysis using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) showed that there were 17 taxa which can be classified into 4 groups. Group I consisted of A. andraeanum “Renoir Pink”, A. andraeanum “Safari”, A. andraeanum “White”, A. andraeanum “Tropical”, A. andraeanum “cv. 1”, A. andraeanum “Amigo”, and A. nymphaeifolium. Group II consisted of A. pedatoradiatum ssp. helleborifolium, A. crystallinum, A. andicola “Kuku Bima” and A. andicola “Red List”. Group III consisted of A. crassinervium “Crispimarginatum” and A. plowmanii. Group IV consisted of A. hookeri “Garuda”, A. hookeri “Red Hookeri”, A. bonplandii ssp. guayanum, and A. jenmanii. Group I was the sister group of Group II, as well as Group III to Group IV. The closest similarity relationship was between A. andraeanum “Renoir Pink” and A. andraeanum “Safari”, whereas the farthest one was between A. bonplandii ssp. guayanum and A. andraeanum “Tropical”.

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