Linkage Analysis of Sex Determination in Bracon sp. Near hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Alisha K Holloway ◽  
Michael R Strand ◽  
William C Black ◽  
Michael F Antolin
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Parasitic Wasp ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Diploid Males ◽  
Phenotypic Marker ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sex Locus

Abstract To test whether sex determination in the parasitic wasp Bracon sp. near hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is based upon a single locus or multiple loci, a linkage map was constructed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The map includes 71 RAPD markers and one phenotypic marker, blonde. Sex was scored in a manner consistent with segregation of a single “sex locus” under complementary sex determination (CSD), which is common in haplodiploid Hymenoptera. Under haplodiploidy, males arise from unfertilized haploid eggs and females develop from fertilized diploid eggs. With CSD, females are heterozygous at the sex locus; diploids that are homozygous at the sex locus become diploid males, which are usually inviable or sterile. Ten linkage groups were formed at a minimum LOD of 3.0, with one small linkage group that included the sex locus. To locate other putative quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sex determination, sex was also treated as a binary threshold character. Several QTL were found after conducting permutation tests on the data, including one on linkage group I that corresponds to the major sex locus. One other QTL of smaller effect had a segregation pattern opposite to that expected under CSD, while another putative QTL showed a female-specific pattern consistent with either a sex-differentiating gene or a sex-specific deleterious mutation. Comparisons are made between this study and the indepth studies on sex determination and sex differentiation in the closely related B. hebetor.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Analysis of Canning Quality Traits in Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Carmela T. Posa-Macalincag ◽  
George L. Hosfield ◽  
Kenneth F. Grafton ◽  
Mark A. Uebersax ◽  
James D. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Major Genes ◽  
The Core ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Canning Quality

Canning quality of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), of which the degree of splitting (SPLT) and overall appearance (APP) of canned beans are major components, is a complex trait that exhibits quantitative inheritance. The objectives of this study were to identify major genes that affect APP and SPLT in kidney bean, and map the location of these loci to the integrated core map of common bean. The analysis was performed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and two populations of kidney bean, consisting of 75 and 73 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), respectively. The two populations—`Montcalm' × `California Dark Red Kidney 82' and `Montcalm' × `California Early Light Red Kidney'—were planted in six year-location combinations in Michigan, Minnesota and North Dakota from 1996 to 1999. Correlations between APP and SPLT were high (0.91 to 0.97). Heritability estimates for APP and SPLT ranged from 0.83 to 0.85 in the two populations. Major genes for these traits were identified on two linkage groups. The first QTL, associated with seven RAPD markers, was putatively mapped to the B8 linkage group of the core bean linkage map. Desirable canning quality appeared to be derived from Montcalm at this locus. The second QTL, associated with four markers, appeared to be derived from the California parents. The second linkage group was not assigned to a linkage group in the core map. Population and environment-specificity were observed for the markers identified.

scholarly journals 338 CONSTRUCTION OF A GENETIC LINKAGE MAP AND LOCATIONS OF COMMON BLIGHT RESISTANCE LOCI AND RUST ADULT RESISTANCE IN PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L USING RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) MARKERS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 479a-479
Author(s):  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
James Bokosi ◽  
Shawn M. Kaeppler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Chromosome Region ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Leaf Pubescence

Common bacterial blight(CBB) and rust diseases, incited by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye (Xcp) and Uromyces appendiculatus, respectively, are important diseases of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The objectives were to construct a molecular linkage map, to locate CBB resistances, rust resistances and leaf pubescence using RAPDs. Sixteen linkage groups with 22 unassigned markers were identified. 178 RAPD markers and 8 morphological markers were mapped in a Population of 70 RI lines. Regression analysis and interval mapping using MAPMAKER/QTL were used to identify genomic regions involved in the genetic control of the traits. One, two, and three putative QTLs were identified for seed, pod and leaf reactions. These regions accounted for 18%, 25%, and 35% of the phenotypic variation in CBB resistance. A chromosome region on linkage group 1 carried factors influencing all three traits. Rust resistance genes controlling the reactions on the primary and on the 4th trifoliolate leaves (adult plant resistance) were located in linkage group 16. The genes for abaxial leaf pubescence was located on linkage group 9.

Genetic determinism of δ3-carene in maritime pine using RAPD markers

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Plomion ◽  
Abdelhamid Yani ◽  
Anne Marpeau
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Maritime Pine ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Group 5

An F2 progeny of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aïton) was used to investigate the mode of inheritance of δ3-carene using a quantitative and a qualitative approach. A previously reported genetic map constructed with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers made it possible to locate one major quantitative trait locus (QTL) accounting for most of the phenotypic variation of this trait on linkage group 5. In the qualitative approach, the "C" locus that controls the relative quantity of δ3-carene (C+ for the richness allele and C− for the poorness allele) was found to be strongly associated with RAPD markers in the same genomic region of linkage group 5. The colocation between the QTL and the "C" locus suggests that a major gene or closely linked loci affect the variation in δ3-carene expression. Key words : Pinus pinaster, terpenes, QTL, RAPD, linkage analysis.

scholarly journals Relationship of Tomato Fruit Sugar Concentration with Physical and Chemical Traits and Linkage of RAPD Markers

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Georgelis ◽  
J.W. Scott ◽  
E.A. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chemical Traits ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Small-fruited cherry tomato accession PI 270248 (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. var. cerasiforme Dunal) with high fruit sugars was crossed to large-fruited inbred line Fla.7833-1-1-1 (7833) that had normal (low) fruit sugar. Sugars in the F2 were positively correlated with soluble solids, glucose, fructose, pH, and titratable acidity, and inversely correlated with fruit size. Earliness was not significantly correlated with sugars but was negatively correlated with fruit size. Thus, the lack of a sugar-earliness correlation indirectly indicates a trend for early tomato plants to be lower in sugars than later maturing plants. Sugars were not correlated with yield or pedicel type. Fruit from indeterminate plants had significantly more sugars than from determinate plants. Six random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to high sugars were found, five dominant (OPAE 4, UBC 731, UBC 744, UBC 489, UBC 290) and one co-dominant (UBC 269). Five of the markers were also linked to small fruit size and one of these also was linked to low yield (UBC 290). The sixth marker (UBC 269) was linked to indeterminate plant habit. UBC 731, UBC 489, and possibly OPAE 4 were in one linkage group, while UBC 744 and UBC 290 were in another linkage group. Combinations of all the markers together explained 35% of the sugar variation in the F2 grown in Spring 2002.

scholarly journals Effects of ploidy and sex-locus genotype on gene expression patterns in the fire ant Solenopsis invicta

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1797) ◽  
pp. 20141776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingkwan Nipitwattanaphon ◽  
John Wang ◽  
Kenneth G. Ross ◽  
Oksana Riba-Grognuz ◽  
Yannick Wurm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Solenopsis Invicta ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Diploid Male ◽  
Diploid Males ◽  
Sex Locus

Males in many animal species differ greatly from females in morphology, physiology and behaviour. Ants, bees and wasps have a haplodiploid mechanism of sex determination whereby unfertilized eggs become males while fertilized eggs become females. However, many species also have a low frequency of diploid males, which are thought to develop from diploid eggs when individuals are homozygous at one or more sex determination loci. Diploid males are morphologically similar to haploids, though often larger and typically sterile. To determine how ploidy level and sex-locus genotype affect gene expression during development, we compared expression patterns between diploid males, haploid males and females (queens) at three developmental timepoints in Solenopsis invicta . In pupae, gene expression profiles of diploid males were very different from those of haploid males but nearly identical to those of queens. An unexpected shift in expression patterns emerged soon after adult eclosion, with diploid male patterns diverging from those of queens to resemble those of haploid males, a pattern retained in older adults. The finding that ploidy level effects on early gene expression override sex effects (including genes implicated in sperm production and pheromone production/perception) may explain diploid male sterility and lack of worker discrimination against them during development.

Molecular Phylogeny of Sunflower Cultivars of Teddy Bear, Skyscraper, Lemon Queen and Common Sunflower Using RAPD Markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gabriella Ashari Tanudharma ◽  
Nurtjahjo Dwi Sasongko ◽  
Alice Yuniaty
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Teddy Bear ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Helianthus or sunflower is a genus of plant comprising about 70 species. Common sunflower and other members of Helianthae are cultivated in temperate regions and some tropical regions as food crops for humans, cattle, poultry, and as ornamental plants.  The common sunflower is valuable with respect of economic and ornamental point of view. There are many cultivars of sunflower including teddy bear, skyscraper, and lemon queen. Variation among these cultivars has been studied using molecular techniques and the result were used to develop the phylogeny among them. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is one of molecular techniques that were used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to contruct the phylogeny of three sunflower cultivars and common sunflower based on RAPD markers. The RAPD primers used in this study were OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-4, OPB5, OPB-7, and OPB-11. Data analysis based on molecular data showed that genetic relationship among Lemon Queen, Skyscraper, Teddy Bear and Common sunflower based on RAPD markers shows that the cultivars studied are grouped into three main groups, namely: Group I Lemon Queen and Skyscraper, Group II Teddy Bear, and Group III Common sunflower; the closest kinship is shown between Lemon Queen and Skyscraper.

EVALUATION OF PTYCHOBOTHRIDEAN CESTODES USING RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) MARKERS FROM FRESH WATER FISHES IN GODAVARI BASIN (M.S.) INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNITA BORDE ◽  
ASAWARI FARTADE ◽  
AMOL THOSAR ◽  
RAHUL KHAWAL
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Band Pattern ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Rapd Profile ◽  
Band Size ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
The Common

Ptychobothridean genera like Senga and Circumoncobothrium are the common parasites of fresh water fishes. The genotypic study of these parasites was taken by RAPD. The RAPD profile of these two parasites were not similar to each other as depicted by the band pattern in picture. These results suggest the presence of inter-specific polymorphism among cestode parasites of two different genera for RAPD analysis. The present study demonstrated that genetic differentiation of cestode parasites could be accomplished on the basis of genomic variation with polymorphic band pattern using RAPD. All the detected bands (PCR product) were polymorphic and band size ranged from 500-5000 bp in length. The RAPD of profiles using GBO-31, GBO-32, GBO-33, GBO-34, GBO-35 and GBO-36. Primers were able to characterize inter-specific polymorphism among the two genus ( Senga and Circumoncobothrium ). Genetic analysis suggests that Senga and Circumoncobothrium show genetic diversity with respect to RAPD patterns using all the six primers used for the present study. The genetic distance between the analyzed genuses ranged from 0.14 to 0.80. The differentiation of the two parasites on the basis of genetic markers could greatly facilitate study on the biology of these parasites.

Detection and Mapping of RAPD Markers Associated with QTL Affecting Seed Size and Shape in Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 547b-547
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
H. Ariyarathne
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Ri Lines

Seed size is an important trait in common bean. The objective was to identify RAPD markers associated with QTL for seed weight, seed length, and seed height in a molecular marker-based linkage map in a recombinant inbred (RI) population from the common bean cross of the larger seeded (100 seed/39 to 47 g) PC-50 (ovate seed shape) × smaller seeded (100 seed/26 to 35 g) XAN-159 (flat rhomboidal seed shape). The parents and RI lines were grown in two separate greenhouse and two field (Wisconsin, Dominican Republic) experiments using a RCBD. Continuous distributions for seed weight, seed length, and seed height were observed for RI lines indicating quantitative inheritance. One to three QTLs affecting seed weight explained 17% to 41% of the phenotypic variation. Two to three QTLs for seed length explained 23% to 45% of the phenotypic variation. One to four QTL associated with seed height explained 17% to 39% of the phenotypic variation. A RAPD marker M5.850 in linkage group 3 was consistently associated with seed weight, seed length, and seed height in all experiments and explained 7% to 13% of the phenotypic variation for these traits. A seedcoat pattern morphological marker (C) in linkage group 1 was associated with seed weight and seed height in two greenhouse experiments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document