scholarly journals Temperature and Conductivity as Indicators of the Morphology and Activity of a Submarine Volcano: Avyssos (Nisyros) in the South Aegean Sea, Greece

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Bakalis ◽  
Theo J. Mertzimekis ◽  
Paraskevi Nomikou ◽  
Francesco Zerbetto
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Open System ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Submarine Volcano ◽  
The South ◽  
Hand Temperature ◽  
Moments Method ◽  
Generalized Moments ◽  
Shed Light

The morphology and the activity of a submarine caldera, Avyssos, at the northern part of Nisyros volcano in the South Aegean Sea (Greece), has been studied by means of remotely operated underwater vehicle dives. The recorded time series of temperature and conductivity over the submarine volcano have been analyzed in terms of the Generalized Moments Method. The findings of the mathematical analysis shed light on the volcanic activity, but also on the morphology (shape) of the submarine volcano. The conductivity time series indicates the volcano is at rest in agreement with other types of observations. On the other hand, temperature fluctuations, which in general describe a multifractal process, show that the submarine caldera operates as an open system that interacts with its surroundings. This type of analysis can be used as an indicator for the state of activity and the morphological structure (closed or open system) of a submarine volcano.

scholarly journals The Hydrothermal Vent Field at the Eastern Edge of the Hellenic Volcanic Arc: The Avyssos Caldera (Nisyros)

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Ana Dura ◽  
Theo J. Mertzimekis ◽  
Paraskevi Nomikou ◽  
Andreas Gondikas ◽  
Martín Manuel Gómez Míguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Submarine Volcano ◽  
Moments Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Generalized Moments

Almost three-quarters of known volcanic activity on Earth occurs in underwater locations. The presence of active hydrothermal vent fields in such environments is a potential natural hazard for the environment, society, and economy. Despite its importance for risk assessment and risk mitigation, the monitoring of volcanic activity is impeded by the remoteness and the extreme conditions of many underwater volcanoes. The morphology and the activity of the submarine caldera, Avyssos, at the northern part of Nisyros volcano in the South Aegean Sea (Greece), were studied using a remotely operated underwater vehicle. The recorded time series of temperature and conductivity over the submarine volcano have been analyzed in terms of the Generalized Moments Method. This type of analysis can be used as an indicator for the state of activity of a submarine volcano. Here, we expand the work conducted for the first time in 2018. We present the findings of the geological exploration and the mathematical analysis, obtained from the data collected in October 2010. The temperature and conductivity time series show minor fluctuations in a rather stable environment. Based on these results, the impact of developing appropriate mechanisms and policies to avoid the associated natural hazard is expected to be important.

scholarly journals Temperature and Conductivity as Indicators of the Morphology and Activity of a Submarine Volcano: Avyssos (Nisyros) in the South Aegean Sea, Greece

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Bakalis ◽  
Theo Mertzimekis ◽  
Paraskevi Nomikou ◽  
Francesco Zerbetto
Keyword(s):  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Submarine Volcano ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Analysis of Volcanic Thermohaline Fluctuations of Tagoro Submarine Volcano (El Hierro Island, Canary Islands, Spain)

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Anna Olivé Abelló ◽  
Beatriz Vinha ◽  
Francisco Machín ◽  
Francesco Zerbetto ◽  
Evangelos Bakalis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Structure Functions ◽  
Submarine Volcano ◽  
Normal Behaviour ◽  
System A ◽  
Moments Method ◽  
Stochastic Events

Temperature and conductivity fluctuations caused by the hydrothermal emissions released during the degasification stage of the Tagoro submarine volcano (Canary Islands, Spain) have been analysed as a robust proxy for characterising and forecasting the activity of the system. A total of 21 conductivity-temperature-depth time series were gathered on a regular high-resolution grid over the main crater of Tagoro volcano. Temperature and conductivity time series, as manifestations of stochastic events, were investigated in terms of variance and analysed by the Generalised Moments Method (GMM). GMM provides the statistical moments, the structure functions of a process whose shape is an indicator of the underlying stochastic mechanisms and the state of activity of the submarine volcano. Our findings confirm an active hydrothermal process in the submarine volcano with a sub-normal behaviour resulting from anti-persistent fluctuations in time. Its hydrothermal emissions are classified as multifractal processes whose structure functions present a crossover between two time scales. In the shorter time scale, findings point to the multiplicative action of two random processes, hydrothermal vents, which carries those fluctuations driving the circulation over the crater, and the overlying aquatic environment. Given that both temperature and conductivity fluctuations are nonstationary, Tagoro submarine volcano can be characterised as an open system exchanging energy to its surroundings.

Indian Genocide – A Study Through The Works of Elizabeth Cook-Lynn

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Poonam Chourey
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Native People ◽  
The South ◽  
The People ◽  
Freedom Fighters ◽  
Purpose Of Business ◽  
Wounded Knee ◽  
Shed Light

The research expounded the turmoil, uproar, anguish, pain, and agony faced by native Indians and Native Americans in the South Dakota region.  To explain the grief, pain and lamentation, this research studies the works of Elizabeth Cook-Lyn.  She laments for the people who died and also survived in the Wounded Knee Massacre.  The people at that time went through huge exploitation and tolerated the cruelty of American Federal government. This research brings out the unchangeable scenario of the Native Americans and Native Indians.  Mr. Padmanaban shed light on the works of Elizabeth Cook-Lynn who was activist.  Mr. Padmanaban is very influenced with Elizabeth Cook-Lynn’s thoughts and works. She hails from Sioux Community, a Native American.  She was an outstanding and exceptional scholar.  She experienced the agony and pain faced by the native people.  The researcher, Mr. Padmanaban is concerned the sufferings, agony, pain faced by the South Dakota people at that time.  The researcher also is acknowledging the Indian freedom fighters who got India independence after over 200 years of sufferings.  The foreign nationals entered our country with the sole purpose of business.  Slowly and steadily the took over the reign of the country and ruled us for years, made all of us suffer a lot.

China’s Belt & Road Initiative in South Asia: China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: Its Components, Challenges, and Opportunities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Imran
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
The South ◽  
Study Find ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Shed Light

This study thoroughly shed light on the China's Belt-Road Initiative towards South Asia with particular focus on China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. The study find the number of issue in completion of BRI/CPEC in the South Asia.

Contextual factors influencing the South African elite sporting system: an ‘open system’ approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Shaundre Jacobs ◽  
Veerle De Bosscher ◽  
Ranel Venter ◽  
Jacqueline Martins Patatas ◽  
Jeroen Scheerder
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Open System ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
The South ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Synoptic Preconditions for Extreme Flooding during the Summer Asian Monsoon in the Mumbai Area

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Lomazzi ◽  
Dara Entekhabi ◽  
Joaquim G. Pinto ◽  
Giorgio Roth ◽  
Roberto Rudari
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Value Added ◽  
South Asian Monsoon ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
The South ◽  
Synoptic Conditions

Abstract The summer monsoon season is an important hydrometeorological feature of the Indian subcontinent and it has significant socioeconomic impacts. This study is aimed at understanding the processes associated with the occurrence of catastrophic flood events. The study has two novel features that add to the existing body of knowledge about the South Asian monsoon: 1) it combines traditional hydrometeorological observations (rain gauge measurements) with unconventional data (media and state historical records of reported flooding) to produce value-added century-long time series of potential flood events and 2) it identifies the larger regional synoptic conditions leading to days with flood potential in the time series. The promise of mining unconventional data to extend hydrometeorological records is demonstrated in this study. The synoptic evolution of flooding events in the western-central coast of India and the densely populated Mumbai area are shown to correspond to active monsoon periods with embedded low pressure centers and have far-upstream influences from the western edge of the Indian Ocean basin. The coastal processes along the Arabian Peninsula where the currents interact with the continental shelf are found to be key features of extremes during the South Asian monsoon.

Late quaternary bottom-current activity in the south Aegean Sea reflecting climate-driven dense-water production

2016 ◽  
Vol 375 ◽  
pp. 99-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthymios K. Tripsanas ◽  
Ioannis P. Panagiotopoulos ◽  
Vasilios Lykousis ◽  
Ioannis Morfis ◽  
Aristomenis P. Karageorgis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Bottom Current ◽  
Water Production ◽  
The South ◽  
Dense Water ◽  
Current Activity

scholarly journals Diversity in the ministry of chaplaincy in the South African Department of Correctional Services

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maake J. Masango ◽  
Maxwell Mkhathini
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
The South ◽  
Correctional Services ◽  
Shed Light

This article gives an overview of diversity in the South African Department of Correctional Services and how it challenges the ministry of chaplains. The diversity is manifest in the religious affiliations of inmates, crime categories, various categories of offenders, and programmes and services as unpacked in this article. This article precisely aims to shed light on how the chaplaincy functions within the framework of corrections in South Africa and how the diversity of the inmates’ population impacts on its theory and praxis. The Authors delineate the role that chaplains have to play to remain relevant to the correctional environment and accentuate the required empathic and non-judgmental stance by spiritual care personnel. Religious flexibility and adaptability is essential, as chaplains are managers of all religious activities. The article provides solid insights into what being a correctional chaplain in South Africa entails.

scholarly journals Graffiti, stempels en tituli picti op amforen

1970 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 101-129
Author(s):  
Patrick Monsieur
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
The South ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Ancient Economy ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Shed Light

In Roman times there was a massive import of olive-oil from Baetica (actualAndalusia) to feed the army at the Limes in Rhineland and Scotland. ThisMediterranean product was transported in large amphorae of the Dressel 20type that bear different types of epigraphy: graffiti, stamps en tituli picti (paintedinscriptions). The Low Countries forming the Hinterland took part inthis commerce, hence the discovery of large amounts of amphora fragments,still bearing regularly epigraphy. This written heritage is not only ill-knownand neglected in the Benelux, but also threatened because of the bad conditionsin which they are collected and stored. The information provided bythese epigraphical sources is of uppermost importance to the knowledge ofthe ancient economy in the Empire, as well in the south as in the north andrepresents an important witness of romanisation. They shed light on the productionof the amphorae and the olive-oil in Baetica, and on its commercialisationto the northern fringes of the Empire, giving at the same time thenames of all the people involved in these activities.

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