scholarly journals Dose-Dependent Increase in Unconjugated Cinnamic Acid Concentration in Plasma Following Consumption of Polyphenol Rich Curry in the Polyspice Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumanto Haldar ◽  
Sze Han Lee ◽  
Jun Jie Tan ◽  
Siok Ching Chia ◽  
Christiani Jeyakumar Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Phenylacetic Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Spices rich in polyphenols are metabolized to a convergent group of phenolic acids. We conducted a dose-exposure nutrikinetic study to investigate associations between mixed spices intake and plasma concentrations of selected, unconjugated phenolic acids. In a randomized crossover study, 20 Chinese males consumed a curry meal containing 0 g, 6 g, and 12 g of mixed spices. Postprandial blood was drawn up to 7 h at regular intervals and plasma phenolic acids were quantified via LC-MS/MS. Cinnamic acid (CNA, p < 0.0001) and phenylacetic acid (PAA, p < 0.0005) concentrations were significantly increased with mixed spices consumption, although none of the other measured phenolic acids differ significantly between treatments. CNA displayed a high dose-exposure association (R2 > 0.8, p < 0.0001). The adjusted mean AUC0-7 h for CNA during the 3 increasing doses were 8.4 ± 3.4, 376.1 ± 104.7 and 875.7 ± 291.9 nM·h respectively. Plasma CNA concentration may be used as a biomarker of spice intake.

scholarly journals Dose-Dependent Increase in Unconjugated Cinnamic Acid Concentration in Plasma Following Acute Consumption of Polyphenol Rich Curry in the Polyspice Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumanto Haldar ◽  
Sze Lee ◽  
Jun Tan ◽  
Siok Chia ◽  
Christiani Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Aromatic Acids ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Spices that are rich in polyphenols are metabolized to a convergent group of phenolic/aromatic acids. We conducted a dose-exposure nutrikinetic study to investigate associations between mixed spices intake and plasma concentrations of selected, unconjugated phenolic/aromatic acids. In a randomized crossover study, 17 Chinese males consumed a curry meal containing 0 g, 6 g, and 12 g of mixed spices. Postprandial blood was drawn up to 7 h at regular intervals and plasma phenolic/aromatic acids were quantified via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Cinnamic acid (CNA, p < 0.0001) and phenylacetic acid (PAA, p < 0.0005) concentrations were significantly increased with mixed spices consumption, although none of the other measured phenolic/aromatic acids differ significantly between treatments. CNA displayed a high dose-exposure association (R2 > 0.8, p < 0.0001). The adjusted mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve until 7 h (AUC0–7 h) for CNA during the 3 increasing doses were 8.4 ± 3.4, 376.1 ± 104.7 and 875.7 ± 291.9 nM.h respectively. Plasma CNA concentration may be used as a biomarker of spice intake.

scholarly journals High‐Dose Glucagon Has Hemodynamic Effects Regardless of Cardiac Beta‐Adrenoceptor Blockade: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasper M. Petersen ◽  
Søren Bøgevig ◽  
Troels Riis ◽  
Niklas W. Andersson ◽  
Kim P. Dalhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Beta Blockade ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Hemodynamic Effects ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Beta Adrenoceptor ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Background Intravenous high‐dose glucagon is a recommended antidote against beta‐blocker poisonings, but clinical effects are unclear. We therefore investigated hemodynamic effects and safety of high‐dose glucagon with and without concomitant beta‐blockade. Methods and Results In a randomized crossover study, 10 healthy men received combinations of esmolol (1.25 mg/kg bolus+0.75 mg/kg/min infusion), glucagon (50 µg/kg), and identical volumes of saline placebo on 5 separate days in random order (saline+saline; esmolol+saline; esmolol+glucagon bolus; saline+glucagon infusion; saline+glucagon bolus). On individual days, esmolol/saline was infused from −15 to 30 minutes. Glucagon/saline was administered from 0 minutes as a 2‐minute intravenous bolus or as a 30‐minute infusion (same total glucagon dose). End points were hemodynamic and adverse effects of glucagon compared with saline. Compared with saline, glucagon bolus increased mean heart rate by 13.0 beats per minute (95% CI, 8.0–18.0; P <0.001), systolic blood pressure by 15.6 mm Hg (95% CI, 8.0–23.2; P =0.002), diastolic blood pressure by 9.4 mm Hg (95% CI, 6.3–12.6; P <0.001), and cardiac output by 18.0 % (95% CI, 9.7–26.9; P =0.003) at the 5‐minute time point on days without beta‐blockade. Similar effects of glucagon bolus occurred on days with beta‐blockade and between 15 and 30 minutes during infusion. Hemodynamic effects of glucagon thus reflected pharmacologic glucagon plasma concentrations. Glucagon‐induced nausea occurred in 80% of participants despite ondansetron pretreatment. Conclusions High‐dose glucagon boluses had significant hemodynamic effects regardless of beta‐blockade. A glucagon infusion had comparable and apparently longer‐lasting effects compared with bolus, indicating that infusion may be preferable to bolus injections. Registration Information URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03533179.

scholarly journals Arbutin Content and Tyrosinase Activity of Bergenia Extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Tůmová ◽  
Iva Dolečková ◽  
Helena Hendrychová ◽  
Marie Kašparová
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Diphenolase Activity

The total arbutin content in the leaves of all the studied Bergenia plants ( B. crassifolia, B. ciliata and B. x ornata) was determined. The highest values of the arbutin content have been established for B. crassifolia (58.9 ± 0.7 mg.g−1 DW) and B. x ornata (51.0 ± 1.21 mg.g−1 DW), and the lowest for B. ciliata (5.9 ± 0.6 mg.g−1 DW). Arbutin concentration in the Bergenia leaves was the lowest in spring, in the autumn, on the contrary it increased. All the tested aqueous extracts caused a dose-dependent increase in diphenolase activity of fungal tyrosinase in a similar way as arbutin. On the other hand, all the ethanol extracts inhibited the diphenolase activity of tyrosinase.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activities ofErycibe Osbtusifolia

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsue-Yin Hsu ◽  
Jen-Yin Chen ◽  
Jenq-Jer Yang ◽  
Chun-Ching Lin
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Oxygen Free Radicals ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cellular Toxicity ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

Free radicals may be involved in various pathogenesis processes. Tissue damage and cellular toxicity of some chemicals mediated by oxygen free radicals can be monitored by studying the levels of lipid peroxidation in the tissues. The study reported here is to investigate the MDA concentrations in different tissues after various doses of Erycibe obtusifolia (EO) treatments. EO given at doses of 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg body weight is experimentally tested through oral administration. The antioxidant effect of EO extract is assessed by the measurements of hepatic, renal and splenic lipid peroxides (measured as malondialdehyde; MDA) after treatments. The results show no significant time-related and dose-dependent increase or decrease of MDA concentrations in the liver, kidney and spleen after EO administrations, respectively. The peak of antioxidant activities is found on the first day and the 6 hrs after treatments for liver and kidney, respectively. In contrast, the MDA concentrations in spleen after EO administrations remained above the normal values. This result suggests that a high dose of EO administration may contribute a little antioxidant activity in both liver and kidney.

scholarly journals Olive oil supplemented with menaquinone-7 significantly affects osteocalcin carboxylation

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 1058-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Brugè ◽  
Tiziana Bacchetti ◽  
Federica Principi ◽  
Gian Paolo Littarru ◽  
Luca Tiano
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Bone Mineralisation ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

Menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a member of the vitamin K2family, performs several functions, all related to its recognised effect on post-translational carboxylation of certain protein-bound glutamate residues. Due to its lipophilic structure MK-7 is soluble in olive oil, so the aim of the present study was to test whether extra-virgin (EV) olive oil enriched with MK-7 significantly increases MK-7 plasma levels and has an effect on osteocalcin and its carboxylation status. Healthy young volunteers (n12) were administered 20 ml EV olive oil per d for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of the same amount of olive oil enriched with 45 μg and then 90 μg MK-7, with an appropriate washout time in between. Blood was collected and plasma separated in each phase of the study. We found that integration of the diet with EV olive oil alone did not produce any significant variation of MK-7 plasma levels compared with baseline. Supplementation with MK-7-enriched olive oil resulted in a significant and dose-dependent increase in plasma levels. The high dose also significantly increased carboxylated osteocalcin (cOC) and decreased undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) plasma levels, resulting in a significant increase in the cOC:ucOC ratio. A significant correlation was also found between percentage variation of plasma cOCA:ucOC ratio and increase in plasma MK-7 levels. We conclude that regular consumption of MK-7-enriched olive oil may constitute a valid approach in order to preserve some key biochemical mechanisms controlling bone mineralisation.

Physician Message and Patient’s Perception of Compassion (DRAFT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn A. Flint ◽  
Eric Widera
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Other ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Patient’S Perception ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

This randomized, crossover study examined advanced cancer patients’ perceptions of physician compassion when delivering a less optimistic versus more optimistic message. Patients with advanced cancer viewed two videos, each depicting actors portraying a physician and a patient discussing cancer treatment options. In one video, the physician delivers a less optimistic message and in the other, the physician delivers a more optimistic message. Participants rated their perceptions of physician compassion after viewing each video. They perceived the physician with the more optimistic message as more compassionate than the physician with the less optimistic message. The chapter describes the basics of the study, briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, gives a summary and discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

scholarly journals Salmon calcitonin-induced stimulation of 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol synthesis in rats involving a mechanism independent of adenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate

1979 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Horiuchi ◽  
H Takahashi ◽  
T Matsumoto ◽  
N Takahashi ◽  
E Shimazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Salmon Calcitonin ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Maximal Effect ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
System A ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

The effect of natural salmon calcitonin on accumulation in plasma of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-[3H]cholecalciferol from 25-hydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol in vivo was investigated in vitamin D-deficient thyroparathyroidectomized rats into which graded doses of the hormone were continuously infused by use of a balance study system. A dose-dependent increase in plasma concentrations of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol was observed with calcitonin infusion for 6–30h at a rate greater than 20 M.R.C. m-units/h. Infusion of parathyrin or cyclic AMP produced a similar stimulation [Horiuchi, Suda, Takahashi, Shimazawa & Ogata (1977) Endocrinoly 101, 969–974], but the maximal effect of calcitonin was additive to that of either parathyrin or cyclic AMP. Furthermore concurrent infusion of theophylline (0.5 mumol/h) did not potentiate the effect of submaximal doses (3 and 20 M.R.C. m-units/h) of calcitonin. Plasma concentrations of calcium showed a decrease with calcitonin infusion for 30h, but those of Pi remained unchanged. These results strongly suggest that the rat kidney is endowed with a calcitonin-sensitive 1 alpha-hydroxylase system that is separate from the parathyrin/cyclic AMP system and is independent of changes in plasma Pi.

scholarly journals Pegvisomant interference in GH assays results in underestimation of GH levels

2007 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
A N Paisley ◽  
K Hayden ◽  
A Ellis ◽  
J Anderson ◽  
G Wieringa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Antibody Binding ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Homology ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hook Effect ◽  
Two Samples

Introduction: Pegvisomant use in acromegaly negates the use of GH levels to monitor disease activity. To achieve antagonism, plasma concentrations must be ~1000-fold greater than GH which with the high homology between the peptides makes GH measurement a challenge when pegvisomant is present. Objective: We investigated the effect of pegvisomant on GH measured using commercially available assays. Methods: Pooled serum samples with GH concentrations <0.38, 3.85 and 7.69 μg/l were spiked with increasing pegvisomant concentrations (9000–494 000μg/l). Samples were analysed by the Nichols Advantage, DPC Immulite 2000, Diasorin IRMA, Beckman Access Dxl, Tosoh AIA and Wallac Delfia assays. Results: With baseline GH <0.38 μg/l measured levels were <0.38 in all assays except Nichols, Diasorin and Beckman where GH peaked at 1.5, 9.6 and 17.7 μg/l respectively at low pegvisomant concentrations, falling thereafter. With the other two samples, measured GH levels progressively fell with increasing pegvisomant concentrations, except the Beckman assay where an increase (30.8 μg/l) was seen at a pegvisomant concentration of 9000 μg/l; and Diasorin and Tosoh where smaller increases were seen at lower pegvisomant concentrations, levels gradually falling thereafter. Conclusion: The presence of pegvisomant resulted in artefactually low measured GH in most assays. We speculate this fall is due to assay antibody-binding pegvisomant, reducing the amount of available antibody to bind actual GH thereby producing less sandwich formation: the ‘high-dose hook’ effect. In most assays, this effect is modest and results in lower GH, but the level of interference makes them unsuitable for studies on the influence of pegvisomant on GH neuroregulation.

scholarly journals Relative Bioavailability of Three Newly Developed Albendazole Formulations: a Randomized Crossover Study with Healthy Volunteers

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1051-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Rigter ◽  
H. G. Schipper ◽  
R. P. Koopmans ◽  
H. J. M. van Kan ◽  
H. W. Frijlink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Polysorbate 80 ◽  
Albendazole Sulfoxide ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

ABSTRACT This study of healthy volunteers shows that the relative bioavailability of albendazole formulations that use arachis oil-polysorbate 80 or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as an excipient was enhanced 4.3- and 9.7-fold compared to the results seen with commercial tablets. Administration of macrogol suppositories did not result in measurable plasma concentrations of albendazole sulfoxide.

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