scholarly journals Generalized Convolution Spectral Mixture for Multi-Task Gaussian Processes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Twan van Laarhoven ◽  
Perry Groot ◽  
Jinsong Chen ◽  
Elena Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Processes ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Phase Delay ◽  
Generalized Convolution ◽  
Powerful Approach ◽  
Multiple Tasks ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Spectral Mixture

Multi-task Gaussian processes (MTGPs) are a powerful approach for modeling structured dependencies among multiple tasks. Researchers on MTGPs have contributed to enhance this approach in various ways. Current MTGP methods, however, cannot model nonlinear task correlations in a general way. In this paper we address this problem. We focus on spectral mixture (SM) based kernels and propose an enhancement of this type of kernels, called multi-task generalized convolution spectral mixture (MT-GCSM) kernel. The MT-GCSM kernel can model nonlinear task correlations and mixtures dependency, including time and phase delay, not only between different tasks but also within a task at the spectral mixture level. Each task in MT-GCSM has its own generalized convolution spectral mixture kernel (GCSM) with a different number of convolution structures and all spectral mixtures from different tasks are dependent. Furthermore, the proposed kernel uses inner and outer full cross convolution between base spectral mixtures, so that the base spectral mixtures in the tasks are not necessarily aligned. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-life datasets illustrate the difference between MT-GCSM and other kernels as well as the practical effectiveness of MT-GCSM.

scholarly journals Generalized Convolution Spectral Mixture for Multitask Gaussian Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 5613-5623
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Twan van Laarhoven ◽  
Perry Groot ◽  
Jinsong Chen ◽  
Elena Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Processes ◽  
Generalized Convolution ◽  
Spectral Mixture

scholarly journals Gaussian processes with skewed Laplace spectral mixture kernels for long-term forecasting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Twan van Laarhoven ◽  
Elena Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Processes ◽  
Multivariate Time Series ◽  
Heavy Tail ◽  
Lottery Ticket ◽  
Spectral Densities ◽  
Heavy Tailed ◽  
Long Term Forecasting ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Spectral Mixture

AbstractLong-term forecasting involves predicting a horizon that is far ahead of the last observation. It is a problem of high practical relevance, for instance for companies in order to decide upon expensive long-term investments. Despite the recent progress and success of Gaussian processes (GPs) based on spectral mixture kernels, long-term forecasting remains a challenging problem for these kernels because they decay exponentially at large horizons. This is mainly due to their use of a mixture of Gaussians to model spectral densities. Characteristics of the signal important for long-term forecasting can be unravelled by investigating the distribution of the Fourier coefficients of (the training part of) the signal, which is non-smooth, heavy-tailed, sparse, and skewed. The heavy tail and skewness characteristics of such distributions in the spectral domain allow to capture long-range covariance of the signal in the time domain. Motivated by these observations, we propose to model spectral densities using a skewed Laplace spectral mixture (SLSM) due to the skewness of its peaks, sparsity, non-smoothness, and heavy tail characteristics. By applying the inverse Fourier Transform to this spectral density we obtain a new GP kernel for long-term forecasting. In addition, we adapt the lottery ticket method, originally developed to prune weights of a neural network, to GPs in order to automatically select the number of kernel components. Results of extensive experiments, including a multivariate time series, show the beneficial effect of the proposed SLSM kernel for long-term extrapolation and robustness to the choice of the number of mixture components.

scholarly journals Multioutput Convolution Spectral Mixture for Gaussian Processes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Twan van Laarhoven ◽  
Perry Groot ◽  
Jinsong Chen ◽  
Elena Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Processes ◽  
Spectral Mixture

scholarly journals The Gender Factor Effect on Saudi Learners’ Perceptions of Using Social Media on Their Social Interaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Boushra Abdul-Aziz AlGhamdi ◽  
Shorouq Ali AL-Garni ◽  
Maysa M. Qutob
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Factor Effect ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
Positive Point

This study compares males and females perception of the effect of social media on their social interaction to understand the difference between both genders. The study follows a mixed-method methodology using a questionnaire with closed-ended items and open-ended questions. Responses to the questionnaire are collected form 207 male and female students from a public university in Saudi Arabia. In general, the results of the questionnaire are insignificant which indicate that there are no differences between both genders. However, the results of the open-ended questions show that females have a negative view of the effect of social media on human relations while males have a positive point of view. However, both genders have a positive point of view regarding balancing between friends and family in real life and virtual world through time management.

scholarly journals Post- Modern elements in the novels of Chetan Bhagat

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Dr. Radha ◽  
Dr. Premalatha. C 
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Distant Observer ◽  
Post Modernism ◽  
The Difference

Postmodernism is a Western philosophy, a late 20th-century movement characterized by broad skepticism, subjectivism, or relativism; a general suspicion of reason; and an acute sensitivity to the role of ideology in asserting and maintaining political and economic power”.Post-Modernists are independent while expressing their ideas, they never drop their statements and theory. It is more personal than identify with some other categories. The post-modernism was started in America around 16th century later it extended to Europe and other countries.Post-modern civilization fails to accept the modification between high and low class. There is a little place for modernism, originality or individual thinking. Bhagat has concentrated on the preconceptions of toppers, however there is more to life than these things your family, your friends, your internal desires and goals and the grades you get in dealing with each of these areas will define you as a person.The post-modernism has defused the difference between good and bad, moral and immoral, right and wrong. If there is a choice to select modern generation would not hesitate to go for one which is traditionally named as bad. Bhagat imbibed all these qualities in his writing. His characters go against the traditional customs and values. Bhagat represents intricate, deeply engrained socio-cultural complications of multicultural India, light-heartedly. He wishes readers to giggle at themselves, at their stupidities, their partialities, and their wrong-actions; not as a member but as a distant observer. He doesn’t bout them directly, but through fiction he attempts to understand their errors and gives a chance to rectify in the real life. Bhagat’s linking story telling method and the funny situations appeal readers.

scholarly journals Impact of Stem Education on Academic Achievement of Elementary School Students‟ of Delhi

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3275-3278
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Stem Education ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
School Students ◽  
Traditional Teaching Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

STEM education does not follow traditional teaching methods but is based on interesting and critical thinking activities. It is important to increase students' interest and awareness of STEM educational activities to encourage them to learn STEM. STEM-based education can help students or children learn and participate in activities based on real-life experiences. We need to let them know that what they learned in STEM today is not only building their own future, but also the cornerstone of the country. Since no study has been done to know the difference in the academic achievement and basic attitude of the students towards this approach based on gender school types (government and private); before and after the conduction of STEM programme this study will give STEM practitioners strategies to design and integrate STEM content purposefully for the students ; so that students can develop a positive attitude towards STEM programme which will in turn help them to acquire higher academic achievement and make study more effective. This study will also through light on the teachers to make STEM programme more effective. This study will also be of immense help to the school authorities while opting for better STEM programme

scholarly journals HOW TO OBTAIN A GLOBAL REFERENCE THRESHOLD IN AHP/ANP

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Garuti
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Global Threshold ◽  
Disaster Assessment ◽  
The Difference

This paper has two main objectives. The first objective is to provide a mathematically grounded technique to construct local and global thresholds using the well-known rate of change method. The next objective, which is secondary, is to show the relevance and possibilities of applying the AHP/ANP in absolute measurement (AM) compared to the relative measurement (RM) mode, which is currently widely used in the AHP/ANP community. The ability to construct a global threshold would help increase the use of AHP/ANP in the AM mode (rating mode) in the AHP/ANP community. Therefore, if the first specific objective is achieved, it would facilitate reaching the second, more general objective.   For this purpose, a real-life example based on the construction of a multi-criteria index and threshold will be described. The index measures the degree of lag of a neighborhood through the Urban and Social Deterioration Index (USDI) based on an AHP risks model. The global threshold represents the tolerable lag value for the specific neighborhood. The difference or gap between the neighborhood’s current status (actual USDI value) and this threshold represents the level of neighborhood deterioration that must be addressed to close the gap from a social and urban standpoint. The global threshold value is a composition of 45 terminal criteria with their own local threshold that must be evaluated for the specific neighborhood. This example is the most recent in a large list of AHP applications in AM mode in vastly different decision making fields, such as risk disaster assessment, environmental assessment, the problem of medical diagnoses, social responsibility problems, BOCR analysis for the evolution of nuclear energy in Chile in the next 20 years and many others. (See list of projects in Appendix).

From the Podium to the Second Row

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Grobe
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
The Difference

“From the Podium to the Second Row” argues that Sexton’s readings deserve to be remembered as performance, at least in this more-than-theatrical sense, and (assured of this caveat) Sexton herself would have argued the point. Poetry readings, in turn, were “a reliving of the experience, that is, they are happening all over again” (No Evil Star 108). So, if what’s “happening” in performance is what’s “happening” in the poem—and if it’s hard to tell the difference between these and what’s happening in real life—well, this, for Sexton, was a mark of her performative success.

scholarly journals A Novel Hybrid Fuzzy Grey TOPSIS Method: Supplier Evaluation of a Collaborative Manufacturing Enterprise

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 3770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixiong Feng ◽  
Zhifeng Zhang ◽  
Guangdong Tian ◽  
Amir Mohammad Fathollahi-Fard ◽  
Nannan Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Supplier Evaluation ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprise ◽  
Collaborative Manufacturing ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
The Difference

Recently, there is of significant interest in developing multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques with large applications for real-life problems. Making a reasonable and accurate decision on MCDM problems can help develop enterprises better. The existing MCDM methods, such as the grey comprehensive evaluation (GCE) method and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), have their one-sidedness and shortcomings. They neither consider the difference of shape and the distance of the evaluation sequence of alternatives simultaneously nor deal with the interaction that universally exists among criteria. Furthermore, some enterprises cannot consult the best professional expert, which leads to inappropriate decisions. These reasons motivate us to contribute a novel hybrid MCDM technique called the grey fuzzy TOPSIS (FGT). It applies fuzzy measures and fuzzy integral to express and integrate the interaction among criteria, respectively. Fuzzy numbers are employed to help the experts to make more reasonable and accurate evaluations. The GCE method and the TOPSIS are combined to improve their one-sidedness. A case study of supplier evaluation of a collaborative manufacturing enterprise verifies the effectiveness of the hybrid method. The evaluation result of different methods shows that the proposed approach overcomes the shortcomings of GCE and TOPSIS. The proposed hybrid decision-making model provides a more accurate and reliable method for evaluating the fuzzy system MCDM problems with interaction criteria.

PROFIT ESTIMATION FOR A PRODUCT UNDER WARRANTY: AN EVALUATION BASED ON CUSTOMER'S EXPECTATION AND SATISFACTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (06) ◽  
pp. 1450029 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. KAPUR ◽  
ADARSH ANAND ◽  
NITIN SACHDEVA
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Inventory Cost ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Customer Complaints ◽  
Customer Expectation ◽  
Real Life Data ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Warranty Claims

Performance of a product not as expected by the customer brings warranty expenditure into the picture. In other words, the deviation of the product performance (PP) from the customer expectation (CE) is the reason for customer complaints and warranty expenses. When this conflicting scenario occurs in market, warranty comes into existence and fulfilling warranty claims of customers adds to product's overall cost. In this paper, based on the difference between PP and CE about the product we estimate profit for the firm. Furthermore, factors like fixed cost, production cost and inventory cost have also been considered in framing the optimization problem. In the proposed model, a two-dimensional innovation diffusion model (TD-IDM) which combines the adoption time of technological diffusion and price of the product has been used. Classical Cobb–Douglas function that takes into account the technological adoptions and other dimensions explicitly has been used to structure the production function. The proposed model has been validated on real life data set.

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