scholarly journals Integrating Endemic Medicinal Plants into the Global Value Chains: The Ecological Degradation Challenges and  Opportunities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volenzo Tom ◽  
John Odiyo ◽  
Offoro Kimambo
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant

Though innovations for sustainable management of natural resources have emerged over time, the rising demand for nature based health solutions and integration of endemic flora into global value chains could have adverse impacts on ecosystems. The ecological risks in the exploitation of wild medicinal plant resources are exacerbated by a myriad of agrotechnological risks and challenges that highly constrain their domestication. Successful exploitation and commercialization of medicinal plants thus require a clear understanding of their demand and production systems or value chain analysis. Accordingly there is need for innovative approaches towards their integration into global value chains. Since quality and safety, traceability, certification, as well as, consumer tastes and preferences are critical drivers in purchasing decisions by global consumers, they are inadvertently exploited to weaken Indigenous knowledge (IK), undermine common property rights and entrench value chains that favour a few elite buyers. This tend to create pervasive incentives for overexploitation of medicinal plant resources and environmental degradation. Potential solution lies in the recognition of drivers of vulnerability to environmental degradation and the innovative use of policy bricolage, feedback loops and interactions between knowledge, power and agency on one hand, and collective action and property rights institutions on the other hand. We conceptualise a framework that can mediate a transformational agenda and enhance systematic understanding of sustainability lenses in endemic medicinal plant resources value chains. This could in turn strengthen IK, enhance collective action  and promote participation of local actors with positive impact on the utilisation and integration of endemic medicinal plant resources into global value chains.

Habitat characteristics of selected Medicinal Plants of Alpine and Sub Alpine Zone of Uttarakhand

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
B.P. Tamta ◽  
◽  
Vishavjit Kumar ◽  
Nafeesh Ahamed ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Alpine Zone ◽  
Aconitum Heterophyllum

The shrinking natural habitats due to unscientific harvesting, grazing pressure and climate change have severely threatened the medicinal plant resources. This paper presents the observation on the population, habitat and occurrence of 3 medicinal plants viz. Aconitum heterophyllum, Nardostachys jatamansi and Picrorhiza kurrooa in the Kandara and Khulia Medicinal Plant Conservation Areas (MPCAs) of Uttarakhand based on studies conducted by the author.

scholarly journals Ethno-botanical study of traditional medicinal plants used to treat human and livestock ailments in Raya Alamata District, Northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Sime ◽  
Abadi Hagos
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Route Of Administration ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Associated Knowledge

Abstract Background In Ethiopia, traditional medicine based mainly on medicinal plants, has been used for centuries for the treatment of human and animal health problems. The objective of this study was to document medicinal plants used to treat human and domestic animals ailments as well as the associate indigenous knowledge and conservation methods in Raya Alamata District in Northern Ethiopia. Methods Ethno-botanical data were collected through semi-structured interviews, guided field walks, group discussions, field observations, preference ranking, paired comparison and direct matrix. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, informant consensus factor, and various ranking methods. Results The results showed 47 medicinal plant species belonging to 44 genera and 31 families. The plants were used to treat 27 human and 8 livestock diseases. Among others, members of Fabaceae were leading in terms of the number of medicinal plant species composition, consisting of 9 species. Of these species, the majority (53.19%) grew naturally in the wild. Herbs took the lead in terms of the number of plants used in the preparation of remedies, constituting 46.81% of the species, followed by shrubs that instituted 27.66%. Leaves were the most commonly used plant part, constituting 41.94% of the total uses, followed by roots, constituting 20.97%. Dermal route of administration was the most commonly used route of administration (43.55%), followed by oral route of administration (38.71%). Direct matrix ranking showed Balanites aegyptiaca L. as the most preferred multipurpose species in the community. Paired ranking indicated that Aloe megalacantha Bak. as the most commonly used medicinal plants for healing external wounds. Agricultural activity for new agricultural lands became seriously threatened medicinal plant resources. Many of the local communities with traditional medicinal knowledge gave priority to the immediate use of medicinal plants than to the sustainable uses. Particularly, the collection method of plants or plant parts for medicinal use is mostly destructive. Conclusion local communities heavily depend on traditional medicinal plants and associated knowledge for treating human and livestock ailments. However, medicinal plants and the associated knowledge are eroding mainly due to agricultural expansion, deforestation and land degradation for seeking new agricultural lands and firewood, as well as the unsustainable practices of plant or plant part sampling for medicinal values. Thus, public awareness needs to be raised among local communities and all other stakeholders on sustainable utilization and management of medicinal plant resources and associated knowledge. On the top of that ex-situ and in-situ conservation measures in particular should be taken for the sustainable management of medicinal plants and the indigenous knowledge.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Oligopoly and Labour in Global Value Chains

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dev Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Knowledge Requirements ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Input Markets

The article explores knowledge in global value chains (GVCs) and its correspondence with the nature of employment in different GVC segments. It starts with the role of knowledge that is protected through intellectual property rights in creating oligopolies in product markets, which are then re-created as oligopolies in the input markets. Knowledge requirements, transmitted through governance relations and the distribution of power within GVCs, lead to the inter-firm distribution of profits within GVCs, and result in differing qualities of employment corresponding to the level of knowledge required in different production segments.

scholarly journals Use of Medicinal Plants in Eastern Part of Pokhara, Nepal

ZOO-Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Bishnu P Parajuli ◽  
Shubash C Bastola
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Pokhara Valley ◽  
Different Parts

From the beginning of civilization, man's relationship with the surrounding plant resources has always been very intimate. This study provides information to the general people to protect such medicinal plants. Kumal ethnic community mainly lives in Thulo-Kumal Gaun and scattered in different parts of Pokhara valley such as Dhungepatan, Bhandardik and Patneri. Altogether 20 medicinal plant species were identified.

Environment Pressure and Countermeasures of the Development of the Natural Medicine Source Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3319-3322
Author(s):  
Guo Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Natural Medicine

due to the disordering and robbing exploration, the development of natural medicinal plant resources is facing severe habitat and social environment pressure that may touch the law in the process of getting raw materials from plants. Based on the above problems, to develop and enhance the distribution census about the new medicinal plant resources is a good way to cope with the resource shortages. In addition, for the validated medicinal plants, the scaled and standardized production is also an effective mean. Moreover, we should also have the whole dynamic management about the standardized production. That is to say, we should choose the excellent genetic resources, consider the regional characteristics, complete the gardens environment evaluation, grasp the best harvest time and strengthen the detection of the pesticide residues and heavy metal.

scholarly journals Revealing Indigenous Indonesian Traditional Medicine: Anti-infective Agents

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari S. Nugraha ◽  
Paul A. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Potent Drug ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Drug Leads

Indonesia is rich in medicinal plants which the population has used traditionally from generation to generation for curing diseases. Our interest in the treatment of infectious diseases has lead to the investigation of traditional Indonesian treatments. In this review, we present a comprehensive review of ethnopharmacologically directed screening in Indonesian medicinal plants to search for new antiviral, antimalarial, antibacterial and antifungal agents. Some potent drug leads have been isolated from Indonesian medicinal plants. Further research is still required for the lead development as well as the search for new bioactive compounds from the enormous medicinal plant resources.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plant Diversity in the Market of Cibinong and Ciluar, Bogor

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Siti Susiarti ◽  
Nissa Arifa ◽  
Elis Napisatunnaqiah
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Plant Resources

The pattern for documenting plants in various regions is a form of understanding theimportance of plant resources in society. Plant resources are a natural asset that used asmedicine, for example for the communities around Cibinong Market and Ciluar Market,Bogor. The purpose of this study was documenting species of plants, parts used andprocessing methods for medicinal plants. The used method was data collection and directobservation at Cibinong Market and Ciluar Market. Interviews were conducted directly withtraders of vegetables, spices and potpourri. The data from the observations showed 43 speciesof plants are used as medicine with an knowledge from generation to generation.

Ethnobotanical Studies on Some Medicinal Plant Resources Practiced by the Deori Community of Biswanath District, Assam

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Nabin Saikia ◽  
Jayanta Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Proper Method ◽  
Selection Of

The present study evaluates 23 medicinal plants used by the Deori community of Biswanath District, Assam, of which some are more special and new report in medicinal aspects. Generally, these medicinal plants are used to treat some common as well as special diseases and are practiced by a person called “Bez”. The efficacy of these disease depend on the selection of the medicinal plants and proper method of administration. The active ingredients of these medicinal plants are another important aspects for their phytochemical as well as clinical studies.

scholarly journals Study on knowledge of medicinal plants used of Tay ethnic minority in Na Hang special-use forest, Tuyen Quang Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
Thi Hai Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thu Ha Chu ◽  
The Cuong Nguyen ◽  
Anh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Huy Thai Tran
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Thai Language ◽  
Endangered Status ◽  
Different Levels

Tay ethnic minority using Tay - Thai language is the biggest population in Na Hang district (ca. 51.6%), Tuyen Quang province. Their knowledge and experience of using medicinal plants have been preserved and passed down through many generations. Medicinal plant resources in Na Hang special-use forests (SUF) have been contributing to the work of health care and treatment of communities in the region. Research results showed that the composition of medicinal plants used by Tay ethnic minority in Na Hang SUF included 223 vascular plant species, belonging to 4 phyla which were mainly belonging to Magnoliophyta, accounting for 90.0% of families; 94.97% of genera, and 95.92% of species. Among these 223 plant species, 9 species were ranked at different levels of endangered status. These are rare and precious gene sources that need to be strictly protected and conserved. 53 diseases/symptoms belonging to 7 groups of diseases can be treated with medicinal plants from Tay ethnic minority in Na Hang SUF. Particularly, 14 diseases to be treated by various medicinal herbs. Dân tộc Tày là một cộng đồng thuộc ngôn ngữ Tày - Thái và có dân số đông nhất ở huyện Na Hang, tỉnh Tuyên Quang, chiếm 51,6% tổng dân số toàn huyện. Những tri thức và kinh nghiệm sử dụng những loài cây để chữa bệnh đã được người dân địa phương gìn giữ và lưu truyền lại qua nhiều đời, thế hệ sau. Nguồn tài nguyên cây thuốc ở rừng đặc dụng Na Hang đã và đang đóng góp vào công tác chăm sóc sức khoẻ và chữa bệnh của các cộng đồng trong khu vực. Kết quả điều tra cho thấy thành phần loài cây thuốc được người dân tộc Tày sử dụng gồm 223 loài thuộc 4 ngành thực vật bậc cao có mạch, chủ yếu thuộc ngành Mộc Lan (Magnoliophyta), chiếm 90,0% tổng số họ; 94,97% tổng số chi và 95,52% tổng số loài. Trong số 223 loài cây thuốc này, có 9 loài được xếp ở các cấp độ nguy cấp khác nhau. Đây là nguồn gien quý hiếm, cần có biện pháp bảo tồn nghiêm ngặt. Có 53 bệnh/triệu chứng bệnh thuộc 7 nhóm bệnh có thể chữa bằng cây thuốc tại rừng đặc dụng Na Hang từ người dân tộc Tày. Đặc biệt, 14 bệnh có thể chữa được bằng nhiều loại cây thuốc khác nhau.

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