scholarly journals Biochemical Constituents and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Fermented Wheat Grains Using Bacillus subtilis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zahaib Ilyas ◽  
Muhammad Roman ◽  
Muhammad Waqas Ali ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

High antioxidants level in food is gradually becoming popular because of the enhanced risk of oxidative stress in humans. Bread wheat is rich in vital antioxidants but its major bioactive compounds are not available for the human. This study was conducted with the aim to enhance the phytochemical constituents and antioxidative activity of wheat grains by fermenting it with the use of Bacillus subtilis KCTC 13241. The antioxidative potential was determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl- hydrazyl) and ABTS (3-ethyl-benzothiazo- line-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assay as well by the concentration of amino acids, flavonoids, minerals, carbohydrates, and phenolic compounds. Different varieties showed different free radical scavenging potential on fermentation, which was significantly high with respect to their corresponding unfermented wheat varieties. The highest potential was found in a fermented wheat variety named Namhae and this combination can be used in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

scholarly journals In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation Of Pharmacological Activites of Pouzolzia Sanguinea

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
MQ Ahsan ◽  
MT Alam ◽  
MMU Chowdhury ◽  
MT Nasim ◽  
SMS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pouzolzia sanguinea grows in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Bangladesh, used for a variety of purposes including pain, rheumatoid kidney diseases in traditional medicine. The crude ethanolic leaf extract of P. sanguinea with its different fractions (ethanol, n-hexane, and chloroform) was investigated for phytochemical constituents, in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, in-vivo analgesic and antipyretic activities. Preliminary phytochemical constituents were identified by chemical group test. P. sanguinea fractionated extracts contain alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, gums, and amides. Antioxidant activity test was performed by both qualitative (TLC and Rf value) and quantitative tests (inhibition of DPPH free radical scavenging). Extracts exhibited significant (p <0.001, p <0.0001) inhibition of DPPH free radical scavenging activity as compared to the standard drug ascorbic acid at similar doses. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was determined by protein denaturation of egg albumin method. The percent inhibition of protein denaturation in the experiment of ethanol extract was found significantly higher (p <0.0001) compared with chloroform and n-hexane extracts. In addition, in vivo analgesic and antipyretic effects were determined in mice by acetic acid-induced writhing and yeast-induced pyrexia methods. The ethanol extracts of P. sanguinea exhibited inhibition of writhing reflex on mice by 71.58% at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight which had greater analgesic activity than other n-hexane and chloroform extracts. In the anti-pyretic test, fractional extracts ethanol, chloroform, and n-hexane at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight significantly (p <0.05) decreased pyrexia in mice up to 3 h as compared with the positive control paracetamol drug at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. In our in vitro and in vivo study models, it is evident that Pouzolzia sanguinea fractionated extracts showed significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. J. Bio-Sci. 29(2): 31-42, 2021 (December)

Bacterial endosymbiont inhabiting Leucaena leucocephala leaves and their antioxidant and antidiabetic potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridevi Chigurupati ◽  
Shantini Vijayabalan ◽  
Kesavanarayanan Krishnan Selvarajan ◽  
Ahmad Alhowail ◽  
Fatema Kauser
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Standard Drug

AbstractObjectivesResearch on endosymbionts is emerging globally and is considered as a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals. The present study examines the antioxidant and antidiabetic of the endophytic crude extract isolated from Leucaena leucocephala leaves.MethodsEndophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaves of L. leucocephala and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to establish their identity. The in vitro antioxidant effect of endophytic crude extract (LL) was evaluated using 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging methods. The in vitro antidiabetic properties of LL were evaluated using α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay.ResultsThe isolated endophytic bacteria were identified as Cronobacter sakazakii. LL displayed potent free radical scavenging effect against ABTS and DPPH radicals with an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) value of 17.49 ± 0.06 and 11.3 ± 0.1 μg/mL respectively. LL exhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 value of 23.3 ± 0.08 and 23.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL respectively compared to the standard drug (acarbose). Both glucose loaded normoglycemic rats and STZ induced diabetic rats treated with LL (200 mg/kg) exhibited a considerable reduction in blood glucose levels p<0.01 after 8 h of treatment when compared to normal and diabetic control rats respectively.ConclusionsThus, the study shows that LL has a wellspring of natural source of antioxidants, and antidiabetic agents and phytoconstituents present in endophytes could be the rich source for bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Olukayode O. Aremu ◽  
Adebola O. Oyedeji ◽  
Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji ◽  
Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag ◽  
Constance R. Sewani Rusike
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Oxidative stress has gained attention as one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the development of hypertension. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of 70% ethanol-water (v/v) leaf and root extracts of T. officinale (TOL and TOR, respectively). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts were assessed using Folin Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods; while, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrlhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) protocols were used to determine the free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities (TAC), respectively. The in vivo total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde acid (MDA) levels for lipid peroxidation tests were performed on organ homogenate samples from Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats treated with leaf extract, TOL (500 mg/kg/day) and TOR (500 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Results showed that compared to TOR, TOL possessed significantly higher (p < 0.01) polyphenol (4.35 ± 0.15 compared to 1.14 ± 0.01) and flavonoid (23.17 ± 0.14 compared to 3 ± 0.05) content; free radical scavenging activity (EC50 0.37 compared to 1.34 mg/mL) and total antioxidant capacities (82.56% compared to 61.54% ABTS, and 156 ± 5.28 compared to 40 ± 0.31 FRAP) and both extracts showed no toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg). TOL and TOR significantly (p < 0.01) elevated TAC and reduced MDA levels in targets organs. In conclusion, T. officinale leaf extract possesses significant anti-oxidant effects which conferred significant in vivo antioxidant protection against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

scholarly journals Antioxidative, Antifungal and Additive Activity of the Antimicrobial Peptides Leg1 and Leg2 from Chickpea

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise Heymich ◽  
Laura Nißl ◽  
Dominik Hahn ◽  
Matthias Noll ◽  
Monika Pischetsrieder
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Zygosaccharomyces Bailii

The fight against food waste benefits from novel agents inhibiting spoilage. The present study investigated the preservative potential of the antimicrobial peptides Leg1 (RIKTVTSFDLPALRFLKL) and Leg2 (RIKTVTSFDLPALRWLKL) recently identified in chickpea legumin hydrolysates. Checkerboard assays revealed strong additive antimicrobial effects of Leg1/Leg2 with sodium benzoate against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis with fractional inhibitory concentrations of 0.625 and 0.75. Additionally, Leg1/Leg2 displayed antifungal activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 500/250 µM against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 250/125 µM against Zygosaccharomyces bailii. In contrast, no cytotoxic effects were observed against human Caco-2 cells at concentrations below 2000 µM (Leg1) and 1000 µM (Leg2). Particularly Leg2 showed antioxidative activity by radical scavenging and reducing mechanisms (maximally 91.5/86.3% compared to 91.2/94.7% for the control ascorbic acid). The present results demonstrate that Leg1/Leg2 have the potential to be applied as preservatives protecting food and other products against bacterial, fungal and oxidative spoilage.

Effect of 1-MCP on Bioavailability of Lingwu Long Jujube In Vitro Digestion

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1357-1360
Author(s):  
Zhong Li Jiang ◽  
Ai Li Wang ◽  
Xi Hong Li ◽  
Min Peng Zhu ◽  
Jun Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Control Samples

The present study investigated the effect of 1-MCP on bioavailability of Lingwu long jujube stored at 0 °C for 60 days. At the end of the storage, compared with the control samples, Lingwu long jujube treated with 1-MCP exhibited higher Vc bioaccessibility, total phenolic content and free radical scavenging capacity, which demonstrated that 1-MCP treatment could provide a better effect on maintaining the bioavailability of Lingwu long jujube.

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