scholarly journals Extraction and Physicochemical Characterization of Chitin Derived from the Asian Hornet, Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836 (Hym.: Vespidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xesús Feás ◽  
M. Pilar Vázquez-Tato ◽  
Julio A. Seijas Vázquez ◽  
Francisco Fraga-López
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Vespa Velutina ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

The isolation and characterization of chitin (CHI) obtained from Vespa velutina (CHIVV) is described. Moreover, a trapping procedure is presented to selectively catch the invasive species. The chitin contents of dry Vespa velutina was observed to be 11.7 %. The physicochemical properties of CHIVV was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), solid-state NMR (ssNMR), elemental analysis (EA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Obtained CHIVV is close to pure (43, 47% C, 6.94% H, and 6.85% N) and full acetylated with a value of 95.44%. Also, lifetime and kinetic parameters such as activation E and the frequency factor A using model-free and model-fitting methods, were determined. For CHIVV the solid state mechanism that follows the thermodegradation is of type F2 (Random nucleation around two nuclei). Vespa velutina chitin should not be used at temperatures above 60ºC, since its half-life would be only one year, and from an industrial point of view it would not be profitable. Based on certain factors such as the current and probable continued abundance of Vespa velutina and the quality of the product obtained, the invasive Asian hornet is a promising alternative source of chitin.

scholarly journals Extraction and Physicochemical Characterization of Chitin Derived from the Asian Hornet, Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836 (Hym.: Vespidae)

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xesús Feás ◽  
M. Pilar Vázquez-Tato ◽  
Julio A. Seijas ◽  
Anna Pratima G. Nikalje ◽  
Francisco Fraga-López
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Vespa Velutina ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Fifteen years ago, at least one multimated female yellow-legged Asian hornet (Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836) arrived in France, which gave rise to a pan-European invasion. In this study, the isolation and characterization of chitin (CHI) that was obtained from Vespa velutina (CHIVV) is described. In addition, an easy procedure is carried out to capture the raw insect, selectively and with high rates of success. The chitin contents of dry VV was observed to be 11.7%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), solid-state NMR (ssNMR), elemental analysis (EA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) characterized the physicochemical properties of CHIVV. The obtained CHIVV is close to pure (43.47% C, 6.94% H, and 6.85% N), and full acetylated with a value of 95.44%. Additionally, lifetime and kinetic parameters such as activation E and the frequency factor A using model-free and model-fitting methods, were determined. For CHIVV the solid state mechanism that follows the thermodegradation is of type F2 (random nucleation around two nuclei). The invasive Asian hornet is a promising alternative source of CHI, based on certain factors, such as the current and probable continued abundance of the quantity and quality of the product obtained.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Salmonella Jumbo-Phage pSal-SNUABM-04

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Jun Kwon ◽  
Sang Guen Kim ◽  
Hyoun Joong Kim ◽  
Sib Sankar Giri ◽  
Sang Wha Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Genome Comparison ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Predicted Function

The increasing emergence of antimicrobial resistance has become a global issue. Therefore, many researchers have attempted to develop alternative antibiotics. One promising alternative is bacteriophage. In this study, we focused on a jumbo-phage infecting Salmonella isolated from exotic pet markets. Using a Salmonella strain isolated from reptiles as a host, we isolated and characterized the novel jumbo-bacteriophage pSal-SNUABM-04. This phage was investigated in terms of its morphology, host infectivity, growth and lysis kinetics, and genome. The phage was classified as Myoviridae based on its morphological traits and showed a comparatively wide host range. The lysis efficacy test showed that the phage can inhibit bacterial growth in the planktonic state. Genetic analysis revealed that the phage possesses a 239,626-base pair genome with 280 putative open reading frames, 76 of which have a predicted function and 195 of which have none. By genome comparison with other jumbo phages, the phage was designated as a novel member of Machinavirus composed of Erwnina phages.

ISOLATION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF STARCH FROM TARO BOLOSO-I TUBERS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (07) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Tamrat Balcha ◽  
◽  
Nisha Mary Joseph ◽  
Anteneh Belete
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Taro Boloso-I is a new variety of Colocasia esculenta (L. Schott) officially released from Areka Agricultural Research Center, Areka, Ethiopia. Its cultivation out yields a previously reported variety (Godare) by 67%. The study focuses on isolation and characterization of starch from this plant. Isolation of starch was done using saline and sodium hydroxide and characterized for its physicochemical constituents. Its yield on dry weight basis was 83.5 ± 1.6%. The native Taro Boloso-I starch (NTBIS) showed lower amylose to amylopectin ratio (20.7 ± 1.8% to 77.3 ± 2.1%, w/w) and significantly higher onset (68.40˚C), peak (75.46 ˚C) and endset (84.40 ˚C) temperatures of gelatinization than potato starch which has gelatinization range of 62.50–67.53–79.40 ˚C. The shapes of the granules were polyhedral/angular with an A-type polymorphism with a poor flow.The starch is comprised of small particles (mean diameter of 2.45 ± 0.11 μm).Taro Boloso-I starch possesses similarity with cereal starches like the rice starch though it is a tuber starch and moreover, on comparison with the previously reported varieties of Taro, there is difference in its properties.

scholarly journals Efficient resolution of racemic crown-shaped cyclotriveratrylene derivatives and isolation and characterization of the intermediate saddle isomer

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1339-1346
Author(s):  
Sven Götz ◽  
Andreas Schneider ◽  
Arne Lützen
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chiral Stationary Phase ◽  
Hplc Separation ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
C Nmr

The preparative resolution of a trifunctionalized C 3-symmetrical chiral cyclotriveratrylene derivative was achieved via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a chiral stationary phase. This approach is a promising alternative to the previously reported resolution through formation of diastereomeric esters because it involves fewer synthetic steps and is less prone to thermal (re)racemization. During these studies an intermediate saddle conformer could also be isolated and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The HPLC separation method was further developed in order to allow investigations on the racemization behavior of the cyclotriveratrylene derivative.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of acid and pepsin soluble collagen extracted from sharpnose stingray (Dasyatis zugei) skin

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T.Y. Ong ◽  
M.I. Shaik ◽  
N.M. Sarbon
Keyword(s):  
Helical Structure ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Soluble Collagen ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Fibrous Network ◽  
Acid Soluble Collagen ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Pepsin Soluble Collagen

This study aimed to isolate and characterize the acid soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin soluble collagen (PSC) from the skin of the sharpnose stingray (Dasyatis zugei). Isolated ASC and PSC were subjected to chemical and physical characterizations. The yield of PSC (34.84±1.26%) was significantly higher than that of ASC (20.48±4.41%) (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between ASC and PSC in terms of chemical composition (p>0.05). Both ASC and PSC were thermally stable at high temperatures, with denaturation temperatures of 24.1°C and 25.2°C, respectively, and maximum temperatures of 31.94±0.13°C and 31.79±0.23°C, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) investigations showed the presence of triple helical structure with strong hydrogen bonding in both ASC and PSC. Meanwhile, both collagens were highly solubilized at acidic pH but at different optimal pH. The surface morphologies of ASC and PSC were loose and possessed slender, less uniform and irregular fibrous network structures with large and irregular pores observed between the fibrils. This finding showed that the alternative source of marine collagen possesses good physicochemical properties which highly potential for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical or cosmeceutical application.

Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Enzyme (Glutaminase and Urease) producing Bacteria isolated from Soil Samples of Different Regions of Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Shuchi Kaushik ◽  
Rajesh Singh Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
Biochemical Testing ◽  
Industrial Level

Microbial glutaminase and urease have demonstrated their benefits in various fields like medicinal, pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries. Keeping this viewpoint, the aim of the present study was the isolation and characterization of extracellular enzyme-producing bacteria from soil samples collected from different regions of Gwalior (M.P.). The isolated bacterial cultures were processed by serial dilution method and maintained on nutrient agar medium following standard microbiological laboratory practices for maintenance and preservation of bacteria. We screened out three enzyme producing strains of Salmonella sp., Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis. The screening was based on biochemical testing and enzyme assays. To accomplish this work, we used differential as well as selective media. All the selected isolates were able to produce enzymes like L-Glutaminase and Urease with different specific enzymatic activity. These bacterial isolates were not reported to show any type of allergenicity when their sequences were checked by bioinformatics tool Algpred. So, these bacterial isolates can be considered as an alternative source for the production of enzymes and can be used for largescale production of enzymes at the industrial level.

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