scholarly journals Modeling Hot Water Bath Treatment of Fruit Using Lateral Method of Lines in SCILAB

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agah Drajat Garnadi ◽  
Prasetyaning Diah R. Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Method Of Lines ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Distributed Parameter ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Independent Variables

One of essential procedure nowadays to analyze a dynamic process in Science and Engineering is Computational modeling. Most of dynamic processes are distributed parameter systems, i.e., systems with state variables depend on the number of independent variables (such as space and time) which are expressed by a set of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). Lateral method of lines is a method which used for solving PDEs numerically by solving a set of boundary value problems sequentially. The aim is to report the development of PDE toolbox based on SCILAB. This paper provides users with a method that is very easy to understand in the applications related to dynamic process. The method uses a SCILAB template to develop numerical simulations in the new field. In this paper, a model of tropical fruit heat treatment for decimating insect is presented. The illustration will be given to show how the lateral method of line template works to solve the problem.

scholarly journals Methodology for Increasing the Efficiency of Dynamic Process Calculations in Elastic Elements of Complex Engineering Constructions

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Andriy Andrukhiv ◽  
Maria Sokil ◽  
Solomiia Fedushko ◽  
Yuriy Syerov ◽  
Yaryna Kalambet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Granular Media ◽  
Homogeneous Medium ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Analytical Relationship ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Vibration Displacement ◽  
Complex Engineering ◽  
Elastic Elements

This study deals with a methodology for increasing the efficiency of dynamic process calculations in elastic elements of complex engineering constructions. We studied the complex dynamic processes in a simple engineering construction, a mechanical system of an elastic body–continuous flow of homogeneous medium. The developed methodology is based on the use of a priori information on some of the vibrations forms, the construction of a “simplified” mathematical model of system dynamics, and the obtaining of an analytical relationship that describe the overall range of factors on the elastic vibrations of system. The methodology is used for cases of complex vibrations of elastic bodies, and the obtained results can serve as a basis for choosing the main technological and operational parameters of elastic elements of mechanisms and machines that perform complex vibrations. The results obtained in this work are the basis for calculating the blast effect on the elements of protective structures in order to increase their protective capacity by improving the method of their attachment or by using additional reinforcement, buff load effects on the elements of drilling strings and dynamic processes that occur during surface strengthening by work hardening in order to avoid resonance phenomena, and technological processes of vibration displacement or vibration separation of granular media.

Recovery, Recrystallization, and Grain-Growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Iqra Zubair Awan Iqra Zubair Awan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
State Physics ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Deformation ◽  
Solid State Physics ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Thermally Activated

This is a brief review of the important phenomena of recovery, recrystallization as well as grain-growth. The three mentioned phenomena are the mechanisms by which metals and alloys fix the structural damage introduced by the mechanical deformation and, as a consequence, in the physical and mechanical properties. These rehabilitation mechanisms are thermally activated. For this process, the materials have to be heated and any such heat-treatment is meant to reduce deformation-induced break is termed annealing. Other or different heat-treatments lead to recovery and recrystallization. It is rather strange that, though these phenomena are extremely important in metallurgical science and engineering, not so much work has been done as that in corrosion and shape memory technologies. An attempt has been made here to summarize all important aspects of these phenomena for the benefits of students of metallurgy, chemistry and solid state physics.

scholarly journals DELUSTRING MECHANISMS OF CELLULOSE DIACETATE FILM DURING HEAT-TREATMENT WITH HOT WATER

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. T53-T63
Author(s):  
Kenji Kamide ◽  
Sei-ichi Manabe
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Cellulose Diacetate

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Some Sugarcane Varieties to the Heat Treatment Used in the Control of Chlorotic Streak

1969 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
José Adsuar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

Chlorotic streak, a virus disease of sugarcane, is known to occur in Puerto Rico and to cause a reduction in germination, tillering, and yield of sugarcane per acre. Immersion of the infected cane in hot water at 52° C. for 20 minutes inactivated the virus and increased the yield of cane and sugar. It is also known that the hot-water treatment may adversely affect the germination of the different varieties. Thirteen of the best sugarcane varieties as recommended by this Agricultural Experiment Station were tested for susceptibility to the hot-water treatment. The treatment adversely affected the germination percentage of M. 336, B. 41227, and Co. 281. It stimulated the germination of varieties H. 328560, P.R. 1000, B. 37161, B. 40105, B. 37172, B. 371933, P.R. 907, and P.R. 902. It had no significant effect on the germination of P.R. 905 and P.R. 980.

Terrorism: Group dynamic and interdisciplinary aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Thomas Wenzel ◽  
Reem Alksiri ◽  
Anthony F. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Group Dynamic ◽  
Complex Background ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Extreme Violence ◽  
Specific Impact

In this chapter, we offer an interdisciplinary and group-focused model to examine how extreme violence develops, and discuss aspects of interventions for prevention, specifically with regard to terrorism and its many forms. We argue that an analysis of terrorism must be more open, and include research into the perpetrators of extreme violence such as genocide. In general, we see the breakdown of empathy, a group dynamic process that creates the image of ‘the other’ and the violation of basic concepts of humanitarian and human rights laws, as a precondition to terrorism when viewed as a subtype of extreme violence. In recent years, Internet-based and large multinational groups have gained importance, a factor that is insufficiently considered, meaning that more attention is needed on group dynamic processes as drivers of extreme violence. Our interpretation uses models such as that developed by the group analyst Vamik Volkan, and others, including that of chosen trauma. We discuss these factors together with possible strategies to aid transitional justice and contribute to the rehabilitation of victims and perpetrators. The specific impact of each act of terrorism and the needs of victims and society to recover reflect the complex background of each event, and of the contexts in which the crimes were committed.

Emotions and backlash in US society and politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Petersen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Complex Emotion ◽  
Political Groups

Alter and Zurn’s framework identifies ‘frequent companions’ to backlash politics including emotive elements. This article addresses those emotive elements. In particular, it defines and unpacks the complex emotion of indignation, an emotion that sets off a dynamic process leading to mutual contempt between political groups. The article shows how indignation and its dynamic processes have helped unleash backlash politics in the United States.

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics – A Tool for Applied Rheologists

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Christian Öttinger
Keyword(s):  
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics ◽  
Nonequilibrium Dynamics ◽  
Nonequilibrium Systems ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Practical Usefulness ◽  
Modeling Systems ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract GENERIC is reviewed not only as a new general framework for modeling nonequilibrium systems, but also as a new way of thinking about nonequilibrium dynamics. This unified framework of nonequilibrium thermodynamics is shown to be deeply rooted in the ample accumulated experience with nonequilibrium systems and, provided that state variables with slow and fast time-evolution can be separated, the framework can actually be derived. In view of its natural capability of modeling systems on different levels of description, GENERIC is ideal for the highly topical attempts of “bridging scales” in science and engineering. The practical usefulness of GENERIC as a powerful tool in the phenomenological and structure-guided modeling of complex fluids is illustrated through two examples.

Long-Term Study of Osteoconductivity of Bioactive Porous Titanium Metals: Effect of Sodium Removal by Dilute HCl Treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kojiro Tanaka ◽  
Mitsuru Takemoto ◽  
Shunsuke Fujibayashi ◽  
Keiichi Kawanabe ◽  
Tomiharu Matsushita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Sodium Removal ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Free Treatment

In a previous study, we have reported that sodium removal by dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) converted the sodium titanate layer on the surface of an alkali-treated porous titanium into titania with a specific structure that has better bioactivity than sodium titanate. We have shown that a porous titanium with this treatment have good osteoinductivity in soft tissue of canines. In the present study, we investigated the effect of this treatment on the osteoconductive abilities of porous bioactive titanium implant in the long term. Three types of surface treatments were applied: (a) no treatment , (b) alkali, hot water, and heat treatment ( conventional treatment: W-AH treatment), and (c) alkali, dilute HCl, hot water, and heat treatment (Na-free treatment: HCl-AH treatment). We then examined the osteoconductivity of the materials implanted in the femoral condyles of Japanese white rabbits at 6, 12, 26, and 52 weeks. The results showed that the bone ingrowth in HCl-AH porous bioactive titanium was significantly higher than in W-AH porous bioactive titanium at 52 weeks. Therefore, sodium removal has a positive effect on the osteoconductivity of the porous bioactive titanium implant in the long term.

scholarly journals Effect of heat treatment on the preservation of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Rong Huang ◽  
Luping Zhao ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Zhaosheng Wang ◽  
You Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Preservation Technology ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Hot Water Dipping

Heat treatment was used to extend the shelf life of postharvest Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (C. speciosa), its effects on the quality and physiological properties of C. speciosa were studied. The results showed that heat treatment reduced the weight loss, inhibited the decline of titratable acids (TA), maintained a higher activity of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), compared to untreated C. speciosa. Treatment in hot water dipping at 50℃ for 2-4 min maintained the better quality of postharvest C. speciosa stored at 0℃ for 120 days, which indicated that heat treatment is an effective preservation technology to prolong the shelf life of C. speciosa.

scholarly journals Assortative mating without assortative preference

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (19) ◽  
pp. 5974-5978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Xie ◽  
Siwei Cheng ◽  
Xiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Finite Population ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Mating Model

Assortative mating—marriage of a man and a woman with similar social characteristics—is a commonly observed phenomenon. In the existing literature in both sociology and economics, this phenomenon has mainly been attributed to individuals’ conscious preferences for assortative mating. In this paper, we show that patterns of assortative mating may arise from another structural source even if individuals do not have assortative preferences or possess complementary attributes: dynamic processes of marriages in a closed system. For a given cohort of youth in a finite population, as the percentage of married persons increases, unmarried persons who newly enter marriage are systematically different from those who married earlier, giving rise to the phenomenon of assortative mating. We use microsimulation methods to illustrate this dynamic process, using first the conventional deterministic Gale–Shapley model, then a probabilistic Gale–Shapley model, and then two versions of the encounter mating model.

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