scholarly journals Vitamin C—An Adjunctive Therapy for Respiratory Infection, Sepsis and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Holford ◽  
Anitra Carr ◽  
Thomas H. Jovic ◽  
Stephen R. Ali ◽  
Iain S. Whitaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
Favourable Safety ◽  
Favourable Safety Profile ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Intravenous Vitamin

There are limited proven therapies for the treatment of COVID-19. Vitamin C’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects, make it a potential therapeutic candidate, both for the prevention and amelioration of COVID-19 infection, and as an adjunctive therapy in the critical care of COVID-19, supporting anti-inflammatory treatment. This literature review focuses on vitamin C deficiency in respiratory infections including COVID-19; the mechanism of action in infectious disease and adrenal function supporting the anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticosteroids: its role in preventing and treating colds and pneumonia and its role in treating sepsis and COVID-19. The evidence to date indicates that oral vitamin C (2-8g/d) may reduce incidence and duration of respiratory infections and intravenous vitamin C (2-24g/d) has been shown to reduce mortality, Intensive Care Unit and hospital stays, time on mechanical ventilation in severe respiratory infections. Further trials are urgently warranted. Given the favourable safety profile and low cost of vitamin C, and frequency of vitamin C deficiency in respiratory infections it may be worthwhile testing patients’ vitamin C status and treating accordingly with intravenous use within ICUs and orally with doses between 2 and 8g/day in hospitalised and infected persons.

scholarly journals Vitamin C—An Adjunctive Therapy for Respiratory Infection, Sepsis and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Holford ◽  
Anitra Carr ◽  
Thomas H. Jovic ◽  
Stephen R. Ali ◽  
Iain S. Whitaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
Favourable Safety ◽  
Favourable Safety Profile ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Intravenous Vitamin

There are limited proven therapies for the treatment of COVID-19. Vitamin C’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects, make it a potential therapeutic candidate, both for the prevention and amelioration of COVID-19 infection, and as an adjunctive therapy in the critical care of COVID-19, supporting anti-inflammatory treatment. This literature review focuses on vitamin C deficiency in respiratory infections including COVID-19; the mechanism of action in infectious disease and adrenal function supporting the anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticosteroids: its role in preventing and treating colds and pneumonia and its role in treating sepsis and COVID-19. The evidence to date indicates that oral vitamin C (2-8g/d) may reduce incidence and duration of respiratory infections and intravenous vitamin C (2-24g/d) has been shown to reduce mortality, Intensive Care Unit and hospital stays, time on mechanical ventilation in severe respiratory infections. Further trials are urgently warranted. Given the favourable safety profile and low cost of vitamin C, and frequency of vitamin C deficiency in respiratory infections it may be worthwhile testing patients’ vitamin C status and treating accordingly with intravenous use within ICUs and orally with doses between 2 and 8g/day in hospitalised and infected persons.

scholarly journals Vitamin C—An Adjunctive Therapy for Respiratory Infection, Sepsis and COVID-19

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Holford ◽  
Anitra C. Carr ◽  
Thomas H. Jovic ◽  
Stephen R. Ali ◽  
Iain S. Whitaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
Favourable Safety ◽  
Favourable Safety Profile ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Intravenous Vitamin

There are limited proven therapies for COVID-19. Vitamin C’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects make it a potential therapeutic candidate, both for the prevention and amelioration of COVID-19 infection, and as an adjunctive therapy in the critical care of COVID-19. This literature review focuses on vitamin C deficiency in respiratory infections, including COVID-19, and the mechanisms of action in infectious disease, including support of the stress response, its role in preventing and treating colds and pneumonia, and its role in treating sepsis and COVID-19. The evidence to date indicates that oral vitamin C (2–8 g/day) may reduce the incidence and duration of respiratory infections and intravenous vitamin C (6–24 g/day) has been shown to reduce mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stays, and time on mechanical ventilation for severe respiratory infections. Further trials are urgently warranted. Given the favourable safety profile and low cost of vitamin C, and the frequency of vitamin C deficiency in respiratory infections, it may be worthwhile testing patients’ vitamin C status and treating them accordingly with intravenous administration within ICUs and oral administration in hospitalised persons with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1166
Author(s):  
Patrick Holford ◽  
Anitra C. Carr ◽  
Masuma Zawari ◽  
Marcela P. Vizcaychipi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Intravenous Vitamin ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Severe respiratory infections are characterized by elevated inflammation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may lead to a decrease in antioxidants such as vitamin C and a higher requirement for the vitamin. Administration of intravenous vitamin C to patients with pneumonia and sepsis appears to decrease the severity of the disease and potentially improve survival rate. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes pneumonia, sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe cases, and is referred to as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with COVID-19 infection also appear to have depleted vitamin C status and require additional supplementation of vitamin C during the acute phase of the disease. To date there have been 12 vitamin C and COVID-19 trials published, including five randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and seven retrospective cohort studies. The current level of evidence from the RCTs suggests that intravenous vitamin C intervention may improve oxygenation parameters, reduce inflammatory markers, decrease days in hospital and reduce mortality, particularly in the more severely ill patients. High doses of oral vitamin C supplementation may also improve the rate of recovery in less severe cases. No adverse events have been reported in published vitamin C clinical trials in COVID-19 patients. Upcoming findings from larger RCTs will provide additional evidence on vitamin supplementation in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Vitamins and Zinc on Acute Respiratory Infections Including Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110217
Author(s):  
Indah K. Murni ◽  
Endy P. Prawirohartono ◽  
Rina Triasih
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Short Period

Background. Vitamin C, E, D, A, zinc are considered to be essential in preventing and treating of acute respiratory infections (ARI) including COVID-19. Methods. We reviewed published studies evaluating the potential roles of these vitamin and zinc for ARIs and COVID-19 using Medline database, medRxiv, and bibliographic references. Results. Vitamins C, D, and E did not reduce incidence of common cold in general, but vitamin C reduced by half in population with physical and environment stresses. Vitamins C and E shortened duration and reduced severity of common cold. A large-dose vitamin A had no effect on recovery from pneumonia. Zinc improved clinical deterioration and pneumonia duration in under five. The effect on preventing COVID-19 morbidity and related-death was lacking. Conclusions. Although the effects of vitamins and zinc on ARIs including COVID-19 were inconclusive, taking these for a short period during pandemic may be beneficial when there is risks of deficiency.

scholarly journals Vitamin C in the Treatment of COVID-19

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Gregorio Paolo Milani ◽  
Marina Macchi ◽  
Anat Guz-Mark
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Essential Nutrient

Vitamin C is an essential nutrient that serves as antioxidant and plays a major role as co-factor and modulator of various pathways of the immune system. Its therapeutic effect during infections has been a matter of debate, with conflicting results in studies of respiratory infections and in critically ill patients. This comprehensive review aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the use of vitamin C in the prevention or treatment of patients with SARS-CoV2 infection, based on available publications between January 2020 and February 2021. Overall, 21 publications were included in this review, consisting of case-reports and case-series, observational studies, and some clinical trials. In many of the publications, data were incomplete, and in most clinical trials the results are still pending. No studies regarding prevention of COVID-19 with vitamin C supplementation were found. Although some clinical observations reported improved medical condition of patients with COVID-19 treated with vitamin C, available data from controlled studies are scarce and inconclusive. Based on the theoretical background presented in this article, and some preliminary encouraging studies, the role of vitamin C in the treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Ibrexafungerp: A First-in-Class Oral Triterpenoid Glucan Synthase Inhibitor

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabelle Jallow ◽  
Nelesh P. Govender
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Favourable Safety ◽  
Favourable Safety Profile ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
In Vitro Data

Ibrexafungerp (formerly SCY-078 or MK-3118) is a first-in-class triterpenoid antifungal or “fungerp” that inhibits biosynthesis of β-(1,3)-D-glucan in the fungal cell wall, a mechanism of action similar to that of echinocandins. Distinguishing characteristics of ibrexafungerp include oral bioavailability, a favourable safety profile, few drug–drug interactions, good tissue penetration, increased activity at low pH and activity against multi-drug resistant isolates including C. auris and C. glabrata. In vitro data has demonstrated broad and potent activity against Candida and Aspergillus species. Importantly, ibrexafungerp also has potent activity against azole-resistant isolates, including biofilm-forming Candida spp., and echinocandin-resistant isolates. It also has activity against the asci form of Pneumocystis spp., and other pathogenic fungi including some non-Candida yeasts and non-Aspergillus moulds. In vivo data have shown IBX to be effective for treatment of candidiasis and aspergillosis. Ibrexafungerp is effective for the treatment of acute vulvovaginal candidiasis in completed phase 3 clinical trials.

scholarly journals Vitamin C Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Forgotten Micronutrient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie A Dunleavy ◽  
Ryan C Ungaro ◽  
Laura Manning ◽  
Stephanie Gold ◽  
Joshua Novak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Micronutrient deficiencies are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To date, the literature has focused on vitamin D, vitamin B12, and iron deficiencies. Methods We report a case series of 20 patients with IBD and vitamin C deficiency treated at a single tertiary care center. Results Sixteen (80%) patients had symptoms of clinical scurvy, including arthralgia, dry brittle hair, pigmented rash, gingivitis, easy bruising and/or brittle nails. Eighteen patients underwent a nutritional assessment, 10 (56%) patients reported complete avoidance of fruits and vegetables, and 3 (17%) reported reduced intake of fruits and vegetables. Conclusions Vitamin C deficiency should be considered in IBD patients, particularly those with reduced fruit/vegetable intake, as it can lead to significant signs and symptoms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document