scholarly journals Towards Next Generation Sustainable Rubber Composites from Biobinder Made of Homogenised Peat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Irtiseva ◽  
Vjaceslavs Lapkovskis ◽  
Viktors Mironovs ◽  
Jurijs Ozolins ◽  
Vijay Kumar Thakur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Block Form ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
Three Phase

The utilisation of the industrial residual products to develop new value-added materials and to reduce footprint is one of the critical challenges of science and industry. Development of the new multifunctional and bio-based composites materials is an excellent opportunity for the effective utilisation of industrial residual products. Keeping the different issues in mind, in this work, we describe the manufacturing and characterisation of the three-phases bio-based composites. The key components are bio-based binder made of peat, devulcanised crumb rubber (DCR) from used tires and part of the fly ash, i.e. the cenosphere (CS). The three-phase composite prepared in the form of a block were investigated for their mechanical properties and density. The three-phase composite was prepared in the form a) of a block were investigated for their mechanical properties, and density and b) a form of granules for determination of the water and oil products sorption were investigated. We have also investigated the dependence of the properties on the DCR and CS fraction. It has been found, that maximum compression strength (in block form) observed for composition without CS and DCR addition was- 79.3 MPa, while the second-highest value of compression strength is 11.2 MPa for composition with 27.3 wt% of CS. For compositions with bio binder content from 17.4 to 55.8 wt% and with DCR contents in range from 11.0 to 62.0 wt%, the compression strength is in the range from 1.1 to 2.0 MPa. Liquid sorption analysis (water and diesel) showed that the maximum saturation of liquids in both cases is set after 35 minutes and ranges from 1.05 to 1.4 g·g -1 for water and 0.77 to 1.25 g·g-1 for diesel. It was noted that 90% of the maximum saturation with diesel fuel comes after 10 minutes and for water after 35 minutes.

scholarly journals Utilisation of Bio-binder Made of Homogenised Peat in Crumb Rubber-containing Composites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Irtiševa ◽  
Vjaceslavs Lapkovskis ◽  
Viktors Mironovs ◽  
Jurijs Ozolins ◽  
Maksim Plohuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Block Form ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Main Component

The utilisation of the industrial residual products to create new value-added materials and to reduce footprint is a modern challenge of science and industry. Development of the new multifunctional and bio-based composites is an excellent opportunity for complex utilisation of industrial residual products. The study describes the preparation and characterisation of the three-phases bio-based composites. The main components are bio-based binder made of peat, devulcanised crumb rubber (DCR) from used tires and part of the fly ash the cenosphere (CS). Three-phase composite prepared in the form of a block for investigation of the mechanical properties and density and a form of granules for determination of the water and oil products sorption was investigated. This work investigated the dependence of the properties on the main component DCR and CS fraction. Is found, that maximum compression strength (in block form) observed for composition without CS and DCR addition - 79.3 MPa, the second highest value of compression strength is 11.2 MPa for composition with 27.3 wt% of CS. For compositions with bio binder content from 17.4 to 55.8 wt% and with DCR contents in range from 11.0 to 62.0 wt% compression strength is in range 1.1 to 2.0 MPa. Liquid sorption analysis (water and diesel) showed that the maximum saturation of liquids in both cases is set after 35 minutes and ranges from 1.05 to 1.4 g·g -1 for water and 0.77 to 1.25 g·g-1 for diesel. It was noted that 90% of the maximum saturation with diesel fuel comes after 10 minutes and for water after 35 minutes.

scholarly journals Towards Next-Generation Sustainable Composites Made of Recycled Rubber, Cenospheres, and Biobinder

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Kristine Irtiseva ◽  
Vjaceslavs Lapkovskis ◽  
Viktors Mironovs ◽  
Jurijs Ozolins ◽  
Vijay Kumar Thakur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Block Form ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Recycled Rubber

The utilisation of industrial residual products to develop new value-added materials and reduce their environmental footprint is one of the critical challenges of science and industry. Development of new multifunctional and bio-based composite materials is an excellent opportunity for the effective utilisation of residual industrial products and a right step in the Green Deal’s direction as approved by the European Commission. Keeping the various issues in mind, we describe the manufacturing and characterisation of the three-component bio-based composites in this work. The key components are a bio-based binder made of peat, devulcanised crumb rubber (DCR) from used tyres, and part of the fly ash, i.e., the cenosphere (CS). The three-phase composites were prepared in the form of a block to investigate their mechanical properties and density, and in the form of granules for the determination of the sorption of water and oil products. We also investigated the properties’ dependence on the DCR and CS fraction. It was found that the maximum compression strength (in block form) observed for the composition without CS and DCR addition was 79.3 MPa, while the second-highest value of compression strength was 11.2 MPa for the composition with 27.3 wt.% of CS. For compositions with a bio-binder content from 17.4 to 55.8 wt.%, and with DCR contents ranging from 11.0 to 62.0 wt.%, the compressive strength was in the range from 1.1 to 2.0 MPa. Liquid-sorption analysis (water and diesel) showed that the maximum saturation of liquids, in both cases, was set after 35 min and ranged from 1.05 to 1.4 g·g −1 for water, and 0.77 to 1.25 g·g−1 for diesel. It was observed that 90% of the maximum saturation with diesel fuel came after 10 min and for water after 35 min.

scholarly journals Determination of Mechanical Properties of Rubberized Concrete in Marine Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5761-5765
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Concrete Specimen ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rubberized Concrete ◽  
Split Tensile Strength

With an objective of saving the environment by providing crumb rubber as an alternative to natural fine aggregate this paper presents a study carried out to find the mechanical properties of rubberized concrete. Rubberized concrete is made up of waste rubber from vehicle tyres and other rubber waste which otherwise is left out polluting the environment. In this paper, 7.5% of crumb rubber (obtained by shredding the vehicle tyres) as an alternative to fine aggregate and 7.5% of fly-ash as an alternative to cement is added with other ingredients of concrete to produce an eco-friendly concrete which can be used economically and effectively for construction along the coastal areas. Various properties like workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength was carried out on concrete specimens exposed to the natural marine environment along the coast of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The total exposure of concrete specimen was about 150 days, and various specimens were tested at 7, 28, 90, 120 and 150 days, respectively. The test results showed that with a slight compromise in strength, the workability of concrete and resistance to the effect of seawater on the strength of concrete significantly improved with the addition of crumb rubber and fly-ash.

scholarly journals Modification of the mechanical properties of rubbers by introducing recycled rubber into the original mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Mechanical Stresses ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Original Mixture ◽  
Tensile Fatigue ◽  
Recycled Rubber ◽  
The One

In our experimental work the opportunities of improving of mechanical properties of rubbers and their composites have been investigated. On the one hand the reuse of milling product of recycled rubbers (recycled crumb rubbers) has been studied and the effects of the filler and compatibilizers applicable in rubber composites on the mechanical properties either. The rubber composites were exposed to different mechanical stresses (tensile, fatigue tensile) and Shore A hardness and density of the specimens have also been determined. Morphology of the composites and the interaction between the fillers and the rubber has been studied on SEM graphs. Recycled crumb rubber was added in different concentrations to the basic mixture of rubber. Significant improvement of mechanical properties could be achieved by mixing 22m/m% used crumb rubber to the basic mixture. Tensile strength at break of composites containing recycled crumb rubber increased with nearly 20% compared to the original basic mixture containing no crumb rubber. Density decreased with 2-3% and Shore A hardness with 6% comparing the aforementioned composites. Different types of compatibilizing additives have also been applied in the system containing crumb rubber which showed different effectiveness in case of the properties, e.g. tensile strength at break. Adding compatibilizing additives to the basic mixture of rubber did not make the density changed while Shore A hardness changed similarly to the trend observed in case of tensile strength at break.

scholarly journals The Effect of Crumb Rubber Particle Size to the Optimum Binder Content for Open Graded Friction Course

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Rasdan Ibrahim ◽  
Herda Yati Katman ◽  
Mohamed Rehan Karim ◽  
Suhana Koting ◽  
Nuha S. Mashaan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Open Graded Friction Course

The main objective of this paper is to investigate the relations of rubber size, rubber content, and binder content in determination of optimum binder content for open graded friction course (OGFC). Mix gradation type B as specified in Specification for Porous Asphalt produced by the Road Engineering Association of Malaysia (REAM) was used in this study. Marshall specimens were prepared with four different sizes of rubber, namely, 20 mesh size [0.841 mm], 40 mesh [0.42 mm], 80 mesh [0.177 mm], and 100 mesh [0.149 mm] with different concentrations of rubberised bitumen (4%, 8%, and 12%) and different percentages of binder content (4%–7%). The appropriate optimum binder content is then selected according to the results of the air voids, binder draindown, and abrasion loss test. Test results found that crumb rubber particle size can affect the optimum binder content for OGFC.

scholarly journals PENENTUAN MORFOLOGI PERMUKAAN, SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIK BERDASARKAN PRESENTASE KOMPOSISI BAHAN CAMPURAN BATAKO

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Selfiana Missa ◽  
Minsyahril Bukit ◽  
Andreas Christian Louk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drying Process

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang kajian Morfologi Permukaan, Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Batako dengan presentase komposisi bahan campuran batako. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan material tanah putih dan pasir. Selanjutnya bahan material dicampur dengan semen dengan variasi material 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 dan 1:9. Kemudian dicetak dengan cara, pemadatan dan pengeringan. Setelah proses pengeringan dilakukan pengujian karakteristik sifat fisik dan mekanik benda uji berupa: uji kuat tekan (compression strength), densitas (density), porositas dan karakterisasi SEM. Berdasarkan analisis data, batako yang memiliki nilai densitas untuk variasi campuran tanah putih 665 mesh 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,04 gr/cm3dan 1,99 gr/cm3. Pada variasi campuran tanah putih 114 mesh 2,16 gr/cm3, 2,14 gr/cm3dan 2,05 gr/cm3. Untuk variasi campuran pasir 665 mesh 2,04 gr/cm3, 1,89 gr/cm3dan 2,11 gr/cm3. Untuk variasi campuran pasir 114 mesh 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,11 gr/cm3dan 2,02 gr/cm3.kuat tekan batako pada variasi campuran tanah putih 114 meshsebesar 20 kg/cm² memenuhi standar kuat tekan minimum mutu  IV. Sedangkan untuk porositas pada variasi campuran 1:6 dan 1:8 memenuhi standar penyerapan air pada mutu I dan mutu II. Kata kunci: Tanah putih, pasir, densitas, penyerapan air, kuat tekan dan SEM. ABSTRACT A research of determination of surface morphology, physical properties and mechanical properties of brick based on the composition of the mixture has been done. This research was done by using material of white soil and sand. Then Materials are mixted with cement with materials variation 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 dan 1:9. Than each one was molded by means of compaction and drying.  After drying process the physical and mechanical properties of the test specimen is done in the form of compression test, density, porosity, and SEM characterization. Based on data analysis, brick with mixed variation of white soil of 665 mesh has the density value of 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,04 gr/cm3 dan 1,99 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of white soilof 114 mesh has the density value are 2,16 gr/cm3, 2,14 gr/cm3dan 2,05 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of sand of 665 mesh has the density value are 2,04 gr/cm3, 1,89 gr/cm3 dan 2,11 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of sand of 114 mesh has the density value are 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,11 gr/cm3dan 2,02 gr/cm3. Compressive strength of brick with mixed variation of white soil of 114 mesh is 20 kg/cm² meet the minimum compressive strength standard of quality IV. While for the porosity of brick with mixed variation of 1:6 and 1:8 meet the standards of water absorption standard of quality I and quality II. Key Words : White  Soil,  sand,  density,  water  absorption,  Compressive  strength,  and  SEM

Basic set of experiments for determination of mechanical properties of sand

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
A. Sawicki ◽  
J. Mierczyński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Initial Anisotropy

Abstract A basic set of experiments for the determination of mechanical properties of sands is described. This includes the determination of basic physical and mechanical properties, as conventionally applied in soil mechanics, as well as some additional experiments, which provide further information on mechanical properties of granular soils. These additional experiments allow for determination of steady state and instability lines, stress-strain relations for isotropic loading and pure shearing, and simple cyclic shearing tests. Unconventional oedometric experiments are also presented. Necessary laboratory equipment is described, which includes a triaxial apparatus equipped with local strain gauges, an oedometer capable of measuring lateral stresses and a simple cyclic shearing apparatus. The above experiments provide additional information on soil’s properties, which is useful in studying the following phenomena: pre-failure deformations of sand including cyclic loading compaction, pore-pressure generation and liquefaction, both static and caused by cyclic loadings, the effect of sand initial anisotropy and various instabilities. An important feature of the experiments described is that they make it possible to determine the initial state of sand, defined as either contractive or dilative. Experimental results for the “Gdynia” model sand are shown.

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