scholarly journals Jeans Instability, Jeans Entropy and the Entropy Origin of Gravity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Bormashenko
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
The Self ◽  
Gravitational Attraction ◽  
Scaling Relation ◽  
Entropic Repulsion ◽  
Holographic Screen ◽  
Jeans Instability ◽  
Gravitational Compression

An entropic origin of gravity is re-visited. Isothermal self-gravitating cloud seen as an ideal gas is analyzed. Gravitational attraction within the isothermal cloud in equilibrium is balanced by the pressure, which is of a pure entropic nature. The notion of the Jeans entropy of the cloud corresponding to the entropy of the self-gravitating cloud in mechanical and thermal equilibrium is introduced. Balance of the gravitational compression and the entropic repulsion yields the scaling relation hinting to the entropic origin of the gravitational force. The analysis of the Jeans instability enables elimination of the “holographic screen” or “holographic principle” necessary for grounding of the entropic origin of gravity.

scholarly journals Antigravity, an Answer to Nature’s Phenomena including the Expansion of the Universe

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
C. K. Gamini Piyadasa
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Reasoning ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Gravitational Attraction ◽  
Attraction Force ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Repulsion Force ◽  
Gravitational Repulsion ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

The gravitational attraction force being proportional to the mass has been experimentally shown for several hundred years now, but no gravitational repulsion has been identified within the accepted scientific reasoning. Here, we show that the gravitational repulsion force, similar to the gravitational attraction among particles has also been in existence in nature but, yet to be recognized. The results of experiments are shown in detail and are discussed in the recent series of-publications. It is also shown here that this gravitational repulsion force is proportional to the temperature which is an indicator of thermal energy of the particle, similar to the gravitational attraction that is proportional to the mass of the particle. The situations where heavy particles such as iodine, tungsten, and thorium in vacuum move against gravitational force have already been shown qualitatively. The increase in time-of-fall of water droplets (slowing down of fall) with rise in temperature is also quantitatively discussed. This article discusses two major phenomena observable in nature, clouds and the expansion of universe, which could be more preciously explained by the concept of antigravity.

scholarly journals The Lorentz-violating real scalar field at thermal equilibrium

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Aguirre ◽  
G. Flores-Hidalgo ◽  
R. G. Rana ◽  
E. S. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Tensor Field ◽  
Lorentz Violation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Massless Scalar Field ◽  
Exact Results ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Real Scalar

AbstractIn this paper we study Lorentz-violation (LV) effects on the thermodynamics properties of a real scalar field theory due to the presence of a constant background tensor field. In particular, we analyse and compute explicitly the deviations of the internal energy, pressure, and entropy of the system at thermal equilibrium due to the LV contributions. For the free massless scalar field we obtain exact results, whereas for the massive case we perform approximated calculations. Finally, we consider the self interacting $$\phi ^4$$ ϕ 4 theory, and perform perturbative expansions in the coupling constant for obtaining relevant thermodynamics quantities.

scholarly journals A new code for comprehensive self-consistent modelling of Planetary Nebula luminescence

1997 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 228-228
Author(s):  
V. V. Golovaty ◽  
Yu.F. Malkov ◽  
O. V. Rokach
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
The Self ◽  
Central Source ◽  
Self Consistent

A new code PAN (Photoionized Axially-symmetrical Nebula) for the self-consistent modelling of a cylindrical gaseous nebula photoionized by a central source of ionizing radiation is developed. All of the processes which play an important role in the ionization and thermal equilibrium of the nebular gas are included in the code.

scholarly journals KOREKSI GAYA GRAVITASI DAN EFEK GRAVITOELEKTROMAGNETISME BERDASARKAN ENTROPI GRAVITASI KUANTUM

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Yuant Tiandho
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Generalized Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Weak Field ◽  
Additional Mass ◽  
Limit Condition ◽  
Weak Field Limit ◽  
Gravitomagnetic Field ◽  
Holographic Screen

In  the weak-field limit condition, the gravitational force has a form that is analogous to the electromagnetic force. So that by using the analogy, we may propose the formula that called as gravitoelectromagnetism effect. Like the electromagnetic field, the gravity also predicted to has gravitoelectric field and gravitomagnetic field. In this paper we derive the expression of gravitational force as the entropic force according to correction of the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) in the study of quantum gravity. Newton's gravitational force arise naturally due to the change of information (entropy) of a holographic screen that produced by object with mass M and it can be detected by other object which has mass m. From the formulation of gravity that we obtain, it appears that in the surrounding of object with mass M can be found the additional mass density which is indicated as a quantum foam. So according to the indications we calculate the gravitoelectric field and the gravitomagnetic field of the rotating object and we found that the result also influenced by the quantum fluctuations.   Pada kondisi medan lemah gaya gravitasi memiliki bentuk yang analogi dengan gaya elektromagnetik, sehingga melalui analogi tersebut dapat diajukan suatu rumusan yang disebut dengan efek gravitoelektromagnetisme. Layaknya medan elektromagnetik, gravitasi juga diprediksi memiliki medan gravitoelektrik dan medan gravitomagnetik. Di dalam artikel ini penulis mencoba menurunkan ungkapan gaya gravitasi sebagai gaya entropik berdasarkan koreksi dari generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) sesuai kajian gravitasi kuantum. Gaya gravitasi Newton muncul secara alami karena adanya perubahan informasi (entropi) dari layar holografik yang dihasilkan oleh objek bermassa M dan terdeteksi oleh objek lain yang bermassa m. Dari rumusan gaya gravitasi yang diperoleh tampak bahwa di sekitar objek bermassa M terdapat densitas massa tambahan yang dapat dipandang sebagai quantum foam. Dengan adanya indikasi tersebut penulis menghitung medan gravitoelektrik dan gravitomagnetik pada objek yang berotasi dan ternyata kedua medan yang dihasilkan juga dipengaruhi oleh adanya fluktuasi kuantum.

scholarly journals ENTROPIC GRAVITY, MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, AND MODIFIED NEWTONIAN DYNAMICS

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (37) ◽  
pp. 2783-2791 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. KLINKHAMER ◽  
M. KOPP
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Gravitational Acceleration ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Modified Newtonian Dynamics ◽  
Newtonian Dynamics ◽  
Entropic Gravity ◽  
Holographic Screen

Verlinde's heuristic argument for the interpretation of the standard Newtonian gravitational force as an entropic force is generalized by the introduction of a minimum temperature (or maximum wave length) for the microscopic degrees of freedom on the holographic screen. With the simplest possible setup, the resulting gravitational acceleration felt by a test mass m from a point mass M at a distance R is found to be of the form of the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) as suggested by Milgrom. The corresponding MOND-type acceleration constant is proportional to the minimum temperature, which can be interpreted as the Unruh temperature of an emerging de Sitter space. This provides a possible explanation of the connection between local MOND-type two-body systems and cosmology.

scholarly journals Local thermal equilibrium and ideal gas Stephani universes

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartolom� Coll ◽  
Joan Josep Ferrando
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Local Thermal Equilibrium

Energy and heat

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Second Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Total Entropy ◽  
Isothermal Conditions ◽  
System P

Energy is the capacity to do work and heat is the spontaneous flow of energy from one body or system to another through the random movement of atoms or molecules. The entropy of a system determines how much of its internal energy is unavailable for work under isothermal conditions, and the Gibbs energy is the energy available for work under isothermal conditions and constant pressure. The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that for any reaction to proceed spontaneously the total entropy (system plus surroundings) must increase, which is why metabolic processes release heat. All organisms are thermodynamically open systems, exchanging both energy and matter with their surroundings. They can decrease their entropy in growth and development by ensuring a greater increase in the entropy of the environment. For an ideal gas in thermal equilibrium the distribution of energy across the component atoms or molecules is described by the Maxwell-Boltzmann equation. This distribution is fixed by the temperature of the system.

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