scholarly journals An Analysis of Factors Influencing Indonesia’s Leading Agricultural Commodities Export to India

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Ibnu Muchtar Rosyidi ◽  
Heru Irianto ◽  
Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Export Price ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

Indonesia's trade balance to India had been decreasing since 2013. That has been affected by the downward trend in agricultural export value of Indonesia. This problem has raised Government’s attention to increase the export performance. This research aimed to analyze the determinants of Indonesia’s leading agricultural commodities export to India. Panel data regression model was explored to analyze secondary data of the range year 2001 to 2017. The factors examined in this study were India’s real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Rupiah exchange rate, export price of Indonesia agricultural commodities and India’s import tariff. Model testing used the Chow, Hausman and Lagrange tests to compare and select the best model. The determinant of the variables testing used statistical and classical assumption tests. The results showed that India’s real GDP per capita has positive influence to the export value which means an increase in the purchasing power of trading partners would increase the value of exports. The Rupiah exchange rate has negative influence to the export value which means that the depreciation of rupiah to dollar causes a decrease in the export value. The export price of Indonesia’s agricultural commodities have positive influence on the export value, however the tariff has no effect. The policy that can be suggested to the government is to provide support and encourage domestic producers to increase exports to India.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengembangan Ekspor Cengkeh Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Ely Nurhayati ◽  
Sri Hartoyo ◽  
Sri Mulatsih
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Export Price ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Distance ◽  
Capita Export ◽  
Per Capita

Exports are an important component of the economy. The higher export performance, the greater positive impact on the economy. From 2012 to 2016, Indonesia's exports continue to decline, so Indonesia needs to boost its exports again. One of the potential commodities developed is cloves. This study analyzes the development of Indonesian clove exports by finding out the competitiveness of cloves, as well as factors affecting its exports. The methods used are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and Gravity. The results of the analysis found that an optimistic market developed is Pakistan, Germany, Italy and United State of America. Potential markets to be developed are Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, France and Netherlands markets. Factors affecting Indonesian clove exports are GDP per capita, export price, economic distance and tariff. Keywords: Clove, EPD, Export, Gravity Model, RCA JEL Classification: C23, F10, F13

scholarly journals Determinants of Export Competitiveness of Agricultural Products in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 618-636
Author(s):  
Siew-Ling Liew ◽  
Mohammad Affendy Arip ◽  
Chin-Hong Puah
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Labour Participation ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

This study intends to evaluate the export competitiveness of agricultural products using the data of 186 agricultural commodities in Malaysia for the period ranging from 1988 to 2014. Besides, this study engages in the total export of the world with Standard International Trade Classification Revision Three-SITC Revision 3 (5-digits code) to analyse the index of comparative advantage of agricultural commodities in Malaysia. In addition, the study employs Balassa (1965) index of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) to measure competitiveness. The findings show that 56 commodities have comparative advantage. Apart from that, this study also empirically examines the determinants of competitiveness which are commodities price, GDP per capita, labour participation and capital formation. The results of cointegration tests estimation indicates that there is a long-run relationship between the variables under study. The outcomes denote that price of commodities, GDP per capita and crises in 2008 have negative association while labour participation and capital formation are positively relatedly to competitiveness. The results also specify that there is a short-run dynamic impact on competitiveness with the variables. This study suggests that the government should consider intensifying the current economic policy through focusing on downstream products by taking the benefit of its comparative advantage in upstream industries to increase competitiveness.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengembangan Ekspor Cengkeh Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Ely Nurhayati ◽  
Sri Hartoyo ◽  
Sri Mulatsih
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Export Price ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Distance ◽  
Capita Export ◽  
Per Capita

Exports are an important component of the economy. The higher export performance, the greater positive impact on the economy. From 2012 to 2016, Indonesia's exports continue to decline, so Indonesia needs to boost its exports again. One of the potential commodities developed is cloves. This study analyzes the development of Indonesian clove exports by finding out the competitiveness of cloves, as well as factors affecting its exports. The methods used are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and Gravity. The results of the analysis found that an optimistic market developed is Pakistan, Germany, Italy and United State of America. Potential markets to be developed are Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, France and Netherlands markets. Factors affecting Indonesian clove exports are GDP per capita, export price, economic distance and tariff. Keywords: Clove, EPD, Export, Gravity Model, RCA JEL Classification: C23, F10, F13

scholarly journals A cointegration analysis between macroeconomic variables and fiscal deficit in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Mian Nasir Uddin ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Saleem Khan
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Cointegration Analysis ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Fiscal Deficit ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

This paper estimates the short and long run association between selected macroeconomic variables and fiscal deficit in Pakistan for the period of 1985 to 2016. Macroeconomic variables such as exports, exchange rate, GDP per capita, inflation, gross capital formation have strong implications for the fiscal deficit. This study checks the data for stationarity using the Augmented Dickey Fuller test. Johansen Co-integration test and Vector Error Correction Method are used to investigate both the short and long run relationships. Results indicated the existence of both short run and long run relationship between the macroeconomic variables and fiscal deficit. The findings of the study revealed that exports, exchange rate, GDP per capita, inflation, gross capital formation are important determinants of fiscal deficit in Pakistan. The study suggested that the government may focus on these factors to overcome fiscal deficit in Pakistan.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMPORT OF DAIRY MILK (CASE STUDY: THE IMPORT OF DAIRY MILK IN INDONESIA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Kustopo Budiraharjo ◽  
Budi Raharjo ◽  
Solikhin Solikhin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Dairy Milk

The supply of fresh dairy milk in the country (SSDN) has not been able to meet the needs of domestic dairy milk consumption so that the fulfillment of dairy milk consumption needs is also done byimporting dairy milk. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence milk imports in Indonesia.The research method uses quantitative analysis techniques, namely multiple linear regression. This research was conducted in Indonesia using secondary data from 2006-2016 obtained at the Central Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Agriculture and other literature related to research. Research variables include exchange rates, GDP per capita, milk exports, and milk production. The results showed that variables GDP per capita, milk exports, and milk production have positive influence. Meanwhile, exchange rate has negative influence for milk imports.  

On the Dependence of Economic Growth on Government Intervention and Social Inequality

2007 ◽  
pp. 100-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tsirel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Present Decade ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

On the basis of international statistics (WB, OECD, WEF) it is shown that the correlation between GDP per capita growth and government outlays is undergoing complex oscillations. The weak positive correlation of the 1970s gave way to a distinctly negative correlation of the 1980s. However, since the beginning of the 1990s the correlation has been subsiding. During the present decade the correlation has been at its lowest significance in the highly developed countries; in the countries similar to Russia it is, in fact, nil. The basic cause of it is the combination of the positive influence of the government support of R&D and the negative influence of high taxes together with financing non-effective enterprises. The correlation between economic growth and the degree of income discrepancy is also subject to the oscillations. At present the absence of correlation in highly developed countries and negative correlation in countries similar to Russia is noted. The decisive factor of correlation is the positive influence of human capital investment and, at the same time, differentiation of pay.

scholarly journals Ekspor Karet Indonesia ke-15 Negara Tujuan Utama Setelah Pemberlakuan Kebijakan ACFTA

TRIKONOMIKA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlina Banne Lembang ◽  
Yulius Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rubber Market ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
Positive Effect

The objective of this study is to examine factors affecting Indonesia’s rubber export performance to Indonesia’s 15 main trading partners after the implementation of ACFTA. This research employs Bergstrand Gravity Model (1985) using 105 observation for 15 countries from 2004 to 2010. Then, the gravity model is estimated by applying random effects (RE) model. The results show that, first, GDP per capita of Indonesia’s main trading partners have significantly positive impact on export. Surprisingly, distance has significantly positive effect on Indonesia’s rubber export. Further, Indonesia’s rubber major export destinations are the member of ACFTA, i.e. China and Singapore. Last, some of the non member countries are still potential to be Indonesia’s rubber market. Therefore, the Government of Indonesia should increase trading with them.

scholarly journals The Impact of Oil Price Shocks on National Income: Evidence from Azerbaijan

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Shahriyar Mukhtarov ◽  
Sugra Humbatova ◽  
Mubariz Mammadli ◽  
Natig Gadim‒Oglu Hajiyev
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Oil Price Shocks ◽  
Price Shocks ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the influence of oil price shocks on GDP per capita, exchange rate, and total trade turnover in Azerbaijan using the Structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR) method to data collected from 1992 to 2019. The estimation results of the SVAR method conclude that oil price shocks (rise in oil prices) affect GDP per capita and total trade turnover positively, whereas its influence on the exchange rate is negative in the case of Azerbaijan. According to results of this study, Azerbaijan and similar oil-exporting countries should reduce the dependence of GDP per capita, the exchange rate, and total trade turnover from oil resources and its prices in the global market. Therefore, these countries should attempt to the diversification of GDP per capita, the exchange rate, and other sources of total trade turnover.

scholarly journals Non-Price Criteria for the Evaluation of the Tender Offers in Public Procurement of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Alexander Baranovsky ◽  
Nataliia Tkachenko ◽  
Vladimer Glonti ◽  
Valentyna Levchenko ◽  
Kateryna Bogatyrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Tender Offers ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

Traditionally, public procurement has been associated with the measurement of achieving savings. However, recent research shows that the economic impact of public procurement is not limited only to savings, but by measuring the impact of four capitals—natural, human, social, and economic—on sustainable well-being over time. Ukraine is a country with a very low gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, which exacerbates the problem of the impact of public procurement results on the population’s welfare. Ukrainian public procurement legislation allows customers to apply non-price criteria (the share of non-price criteria cannot be more than 70%), which, together, are taken into account in the formula of the quoted price. The studies show that the effect of the use of non-price criteria depends on the relevance of the method of the evaluation of non-price criteria. The most important non-price criteria for Ukrainian customers by product categories and the methods of their evaluation are analyzed according to the Bi.prozorro.org analytics module. Therefore, it is concluded that the quoted price method, which is used in Ukrainian practice, is not relevant in comparison with the method used in the EU. A survey of the government buyers on the practice of applying non-price criteria was conducted, and the areas of their use were identified.

The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth: New evidence from Greece

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Antonia Gkergki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Econometric Tests ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the relationship between the energy consumption and economic growth from 1968 to 2019 in Greece, by employing the vector error-correction model estimation. A series of econometric tests are employed concerning the stationary of the data, and the co-integration and the relationship among the variables during the long- and short-term. The em-pirical results suggest that there is no bidirectional relationship between economic growth and energy consumption. More specifically, GDP per capita does not affect the energy consump-tion of the three primary sources either in the long-term or the short-term. In other words, the economic crisis and its implications for GDP do not affect energy consumption, and they are not responsible for the considerable decrease in energy sources' consumption. On the other hand, the energy consumption of oil and coal negatively affect the GDP per capita. These re-sults are different from previous studies' conclusions for Greece; this is because the never been experienced before. These findings raise new research questions and also show the limi-tations of the Greek market, as it is regulated and controlled by the government.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document