scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN THE SHAPE OF THE SEAM ON MICROSTRUCTURE, HARDNESS AND TENSILE STRENGTH IN THE WELDING PROCESS OF STEEL SS400 WITH THE SMAW METHOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Anjas Nurcahyo Kurniawan ◽  
Suharno Suharno ◽  
Indah Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Characteristic ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding

<p>The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of groove weld type on the welding joint to the physical and mechanical characteristic using the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) method. The welding process causes the around metal has thermal cycles and then resulting metallurgical changes, deformations and thermal stresses. Because of these structural changes, the mechanical characteristic will change as well.</p><p>This research use experimental method that is researcher doing butt joint welding with X, V and ½ V groove weld type by using low carbon steel SS400 with carbon content 0,1% then testing micro structure, hardness and tensile strength.</p>Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the results of microstructure test showed improvement of acicular structure of ferrite and pearlite after welding. In raw material, the grain boundary structure of ferrite is evenly distributed. Hardness values on welding results indicate a different level of violence. The specimen with V type has the highest hardness of 248,6 VHN, then the specimen with ½ V form is 233,7 VHN and the specimen with the X type is 228,6 VHN while the raw material has hardness value 200,58 VHN. The value of tensile strength on the welding results indicates a difference. The specimen with the V type have the highest tensile strength level of 430,97 MPa and strain 18,11% then the ½ V type is 419,93 MPa and strain 15,52% followed by the X type with the average of tensile strength 414,88 MPa and strain 14,92% and on raw material has a tensile strength value 401,94 MPa and strain 13,26%. This study shows that welding using variations of groove weld type changes the microstructure and affects the hardness and tensile strength of SS400 Steel

ANALISA KEKUATAN MEKANIS SAMBUNGAN LAS KAMPUH V TUNGGAL DAN V GANDA PADA BAJA KARBON RENDAH DENGAN PROSES PENGELASAN SMAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Sudarsono Sudarsono ◽  
Hidayat Hidayat ◽  
Aminur Aminur ◽  
Sarwo Pranoto ◽  
Prinob Aksar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

Welding is one of the methods widely used in the joining of metals for structural elements. One of the factors that influence the strength of welded metals is types of welding joints. Suitability of the type of welding joint with geometries of base metals is required to obtain welded metal products with optimum properties. In this study an attempt is made to investigate mechanical properties of welded metals with two different types of joints (single-V and double-V) using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process. Low carbon steel with bevel angle of 60° was used in this study. Welding process was performed using current of 70 A with a constant welding speed. The flexural properties and uniaxial tensile properties are studied by three-point bending test and uniaxial tensile test respectively. Test results show that the tensile strength and the bending strength of single-V specimens is 521.64 N/mm2 and 525.11 N/mm2 respectively. In addition, the tensile strength and the bending strength of double-V specimens is 517.33 N/mm2 and  504.24 N/mm2 respectively

scholarly journals Analysis Of Mechanical Properties SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Welding Joints Of Portable Electric Hydraulic Jack Frame

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Andika Wisnujati ◽  
Juni Andryansyah
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Cooling Media

Welding is a very important part of the development and growth of the industry because it has a role in engineering, reparation, and construction. Shielded   Metal   Arc Welding (SMAW) or the conventional arc welding   process is particularly dominant in structural joints, pressure vessels and in maintenance and repair work. In welding, different metals are joined economically and at a much faster rate as compared with other fabrication processes like riveting and casting. The purpose of this research is to find out the cooling media cooler against SMAW smelter tensile strength by using the E6013 electrode. This study uses low carbon steel material that has levels Fe = 98,3%; C = 0,30%, Si = 0,23%. The material is given 75A welding current with cooling variation on the connection result using oil, water, and room temperature. The highest tensile stress value obtained in the oil cooling treatment was 844,76 N/mm2, the highest strain value was obtained on the raw materials of 16%, the highest elasticity value was obtained in the oil cooling treatment of 703.96 N/mm2. According to the research results can be concluded that the variations of cooling media greatly affect the strength of the welding connection.

scholarly journals Magnetic Field Effects on 4G Positions in Shielded Metal Arc Welding Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 694-703 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Molten Pool ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Magnetic Field Effects ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

With the advancement of welding techniques, Arc-welding is one of the most commonly and widely used welding technique for variety of purposes. The underside of welding to be performed makes the molten pool going downward because of gravity vector pulling affects the molten pool. The main purpose of this study is to study how the molten of electrode produced reduce on going downward and produce a good root fusion in overhead position of welding in single V-butt joint with the help of magnetic field on the workpiece. The study of magnet characteristic which includes thebehaviour of molten pool toward magnetic field, the macrostructure and microstructure and its strength should be carried out. Each magnet strength has their own characteristics that affects toward weldment on base metal.As a result, it can be concluded that having a magnetic field applies on base metal A36 low carbon steel may reduce the molten pool from going downward. The selection of a correct magnet strength and welding process may produce good and quality weldment especially in terms of its weld properties and geometry.

Weld Properties of Low Carbon Steel Using Shielded Metal Arc Welding

2015 ◽  
Vol 813-814 ◽  
pp. 486-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandeep Singh ◽  
Neel Kanth Grover
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Basic Part ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Weld Properties

Welding is basic part of the most modern assembly and manufacturing operations. Shielded metal Arc Welding process has hard facing and fabrication job application due to low cost electrode, increasing alloy transfer efficiency and low dilution with substrate without losing production capacity. SMAW electrode is coated with metal mixture called flux, which on decompose produce gases to restrict weld contamination, generating deoxidizers to disinfect the weld. The choice of electrode for SMAW lies on a number of factors, like weld material, welding direction and the preferred weld properties. The present paper investigate the microstructure and hardness properties of the Low carbon steel pipe welded using shielded metal arc welding with different electrode combinations.

Effect of Water Depth on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SS400 Steel in Underwater Welding

2018 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peringeten Yohanes ◽  
Muhayat Nurul ◽  
Triyono
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Depth Level ◽  
Underwater Welding ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Welding Processes

The application of underwater welding is for repairing the damage underwater structures and oil pipelines to extend the lifetime of the facilities. Generally, underwater welding studies were performed in shallow depth water. It is important to investigate the properties of the underwater welding joint based on the depth of water in meter scale. In this work, the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) was used to conduct the welding process of SS400 low carbon steel. The water depth of 2.5 m, 5.0 m, and 10.0 m were evaluated, while the welding electric current were varied in the range from 80 A to 110 A. Underwater welding processes were carried out using the E7016 electrode. Non-destructive and destructive tests were conducted including the X-ray analysis, microstructure investigation, tensile, and hardness tests. The X-ray analysis showed that there were many defects for all underwater welding specimens. The water depth of 2.5 m joint specimens provided the highest tensile strength. It decreased as increasing of water depth level. Stability of welding arc due to the water pressure was the main reason. Tensile strength increased slightly as the welding current increasing due to deeper penetration. For all specimens, the highest hardness was found in the HAZ which was adjacent to the fusion zone.

scholarly journals Exploration of Tensile Properties of Low Carbon Steel Welded Joint

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
P. Senthilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

The effect of welding current on the tensile properties of low carbon steel welded joint was investigated in this research. In this work mild steel plates were joined by shielded metal arc welding process which is also known as manual metal arc welding used to examine optimum welding current. The welded samples were cut and machined to standard configurations for tensile tests. It was concluded that variation of current affect the tensile properties of the low carbon steel welded joint. As the current increases from 80A to 110A, the ultimate tensile strengths and yeild strength increases. The percentage elongation decreases with increase in welding current but increases at the welding current of 110A.

scholarly journals Microstructural Evaluation of the High-Frequency Induction Welded Joints of Low Carbon Steel Pipes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Adam Bunsch ◽  
Janusz Krawczyk ◽  
Piotr Matusiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Microstructural Evaluation

Abstract The work presents the results of research on the structure of welded joints in the area of heat affected zone (HAZ). Based on precisely performed metallographic tests, the contribution of individual structural components in the area of welds of pipes welded with the induction method was assessed. The volume fraction of individual structural components in various areas of the heat affected zone, the size of the grain formed in the welding process, as well as its shape coefficients were determined. On the basis of metallographic observations, an attempt was made to describe the course of the pressure induction welding process, taking into account the structural changes, phase changes and the recovering and recrystallization processes taking place in this process.

scholarly journals Effect of Welding Current and Electrodes on Reinforcement Height in Shielded Metal Arc Welding Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-320
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Arc Welding Process

Joining of materials is the need of modern industries and stuctures. Shielded metal arc welding process is one of the most popular and commonly used method of joining materials. The weld reinforcement height should be optimum for mechanical properties of the weld. If the reinforcement height is less or negative, it is not recommended considering strength of weld as surface area will be reduced and if the reinforcement height is more, it will produce stress concentration which is not recommended. In the present work the investigation of the effect of three different types of electrodes at three different welding currents in shielded metal arc welding process utilizing Low Carbon Steel plate of API 5L Grade X 52, was done for reinforcement height. The three different electrodes as E 6013, E 7016 and E 7018 and the varying currents as 90 A, 100 A and 110 A. Total 18 pieces were used to obtain 9 welds which were used to analyze the effect of current and the electrode on reinforcement height. The dimensions of the work pieces were taken as 75 mm x 50 mm x 5 mm. The values of reinforcement height in each weld were written in a table and respective diagrams were drawn to make clear the effect of welding current on reinforcement height for the three different electrodes.

scholarly journals Study of Tensile Strength Test of Oxi-Asetyline Welding with the Addition of Borax to St 37 Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bagas Ariya Dipangga ◽  
Prantasi Harmi Tjahjanti
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Machinery Construction ◽  
Tensile Strength Test

The use of welding in industry today is very broad, including shipping, machinery, construction and others. The aim of this research was to study the welding results of two types of metal with different melting points, namely low carbon steel ST37 with brass filler and borax added during the welding process using OAW (Oxygent Acetyline Welding) welding. The specimen size is 170 mm long, 50 mm wide and 8 mm thick. As for the test method with the addition of borax, then look at the results of the number of porosity, weld defects and differences in tensile strength in each specimen by conducting penetrant liquid testing and tensile testing with ASTM E-8 standards. The results of the penetrant liquid test showed that welding ST 37 steel using borax as an additional material produced welding with the smallest porosity and even no defects at all compared to specimens without using borax. The results of the tensile test show that the addition of borax has a tensile strength value of 2000 kgf / mm². This value is greater than without the addition of borax.

scholarly journals PENGARUH VARIASI KUAT ARUS LISTRIK DAN WAKTU PROSES ELECTROPLATING TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK, KEKERASAN DAN KETEBALAN LAPISAN PADA BAJA KARBON RENDAH DENGAN KROM

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Surya Darmawan D.P ◽  
I Dewa Ketut Okariawan ◽  
Nasmi Herlina Sari
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Chrome Layer

The usage of carbon steel at present is growing rapidly. The carbon steel is commonly used in the machining appliance and material construction, as well as oil or gas piping. Improvement of physical properties of steel can be performed by electroplating. The goal of this research was to prove the influence variation of strong electric current and processing time electroplating tensile strength, hardness and layer thickness on low carbon steel with chrome. The benefits of this research is to gain the information about a strong in fluence of electric current and time again sthardness and thickness of thetensile strength of low carbon steel with chrome plating.This research using low carbon steel coated by electroplating method with variations strong electric current 17.8A, 22.7A and 27.3A, and the length of processing 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The type of testing which done are to test the thickness, the hardness and tensile test. The processing of data were analyzed using analysis of variance two-way.Thickness layer of chrome increased along with increasing strong currents and the length of time coating. The highest value of the thickness chrome layer with strong currents occur in the calculation of 27.3A and with in 15 minutes of 0.00015 as well as microscope observation of 0.483 where there is a difference between calculation and observation microscope 400X magnification ranges from 99.9%. The highest hardness values obtained with strong currents 27,3A and within 15 minutes of 23,58 VHN  or 12,621% harder  compare with raw materials. For tensile test itself was increasing tensile strength with the highest value of 627.8 N / mm2 or 6.65% more than raw material.

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