CORRELATION BETWEEN SOFT SKILLS AND HARD SKILLS (ACHIEVEMENT OF HIGH COMPETENCY) WITH PREPARATION TO BE TEACHER OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION STUDENTS

This study aims to acquire a good knowledge of (1) influence of soft skills with the readiness to be a teacher education student of Mechanical Engineering, 2015; (2) influence achievement of vocational competencies (hard skills) with the readiness of a teacher education student of Mechanical Engineering, 2015; (3)influence of soft skills and vocational competence achievement (hard skills) with the readiness of a teacher education student of Mechanical Engineering in 2015. This type of research is correlational research. The population of this research is the students of Mechanical Engineering Education FKIP UNS of 2015 class, which amounted to 62 students. The sample size was determined by simple random sampling technique, and the totalled 55 students. I am collecting data using the method of documentation for performance variables vocational competencies (hard skills) and a questionnaire to the variable soft skills and readiness to be a teacher. Validity test of item using Pearson Product Moment formula and reliability test instrument using Alpha Cronbach formula. Grain validity test and instrument reliability test using SPSS Version 19 program. The prerequisite analysis test consists of a normality test, linearity test, and multicollinearity test. Data analysis techniques use partial correlation and multiple linear regression. The level of significance of the analysis is 5%. The results are as follows. First, there is a positive and significant relationship between soft skills with the readiness of a teacher education student of Mechanical Engineering in 2015 (r count = 0,806> r table = 0.2681; p-value = 0.000 <0.05). If soft skills increase, the readiness to become a teacher is also increasing. Secondly, there is no positive correlation between the achievement of vocational competencies (hard skills) with the readiness of a teacher (r count = 0.187 <r table = 0.2681; p-value = 0.177> 0.05). Scientifically proven that when the achievements of vocational competencies (hard skills) increase, so do not affect the readiness to become a teacher. Third, there is a positive and significant relationship between soft skills and vocational competence achievement (hard skills) together with a readiness to be a teacher (f count = 48.357> f table = 3.18).

APPLICATION OF PEER TUTORING LEARNING METHODS IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS

<p align="justify">The learning process is a part that plays an important role in the success of learning. The selection of the right method is one way for the learning process to work as expected. Peer tutoring method is one of the interactive learning methods involving students who are competent in the material taught so they can provide learning guidance to other students. This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in the realm of knowledge and skills through the application of peer tutoring methods. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in 2 cycles with 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects in this study were 34 vocational high school students. Data collection methods used include observation, tests, performance and interviews. Test the validity of the data using data triangulation. The research data was analyzed using a comparative descriptive percentage analysis technique. From the data obtained shows that the application of peer tutoring methods can improve student learning outcomes by 88.23% in the realm of knowledge and 91.17% in skills. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the application of peer tutoring methods can improve the learning outcomes of Vocational High School students.</p>

THE LEARNING MEDIA DEVELOPMENT MODULE OF TECHNICAL IMAGES BASED ON CYCLE 5E LEARNING APPROACH

<p><em>This research analysist engineering drawing module that developed based on Learning Cycle 5E approach includes engagement, exploration, elaboration, evaluation and adapted to the Competency Standards and Basic Competencies of Curriculum 2013. Learning Cycle 5E was chosen as a development model because it is considered in line with the Curriculum 2013. The objective of this research are : (1) Developing a learning media Drawing Technique in the form of module based on learning cycle approach 5E as supporting technical drawings subjects in SMK. (2) Doing fesibility analysis developing a learning media drawings technique in the form of module based on learning cycle approach 5E as supporting technical drawings subjects in SMK based on material assesment, media, and teacher's subjects.</em></p><p><em>Developing a learning media module drawing technique based on learning cycle approach 5E refer to developing 4D thiagarajan model. Developing 4D model consists of 4 main steps: define, design, development, and disseminate. Because there are some reason, this developing research is limited to development steps. While for the disseminate is doing with the questionnaire of teacher responses.</em></p><p><em>The results of this research are: (1) A Learning Cycle 5E Engineering Drawing Module developed on the basic competence of the size tags and layout of image size, sign recognition and the location of the cut image, the introduction and application of the cut image type. (2) Feasibility study engineering drawings Module media-based Learning Cycle 5E Approach derived from the results of the expert assessment of the material and media experts. The result of the expert assessment of the material obtain an average percentage 87.5% it is included on the criterion of "very good". The results of the assessment of the experts the media earn the average percentage of 88.006% and included on the criterion of "very good", and now from the responses the teacher obtained the mean percentage of 91.67%, it is included in the criteria of "very good".</em></p><p> </p>

TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL AND CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (TPACK) FOR OVERCOMING TEACHER PROBLEMS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND CHALLENGES IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Lately, students have grown up in the environment with technology as one of the important components that become a necessity that cannot be separated from daily activities, including the integral role of technology in the modern class. Although technology can play an important role in restructuring teaching and learning practices, teachers must take a leading role in designing the right learning environment, and carefully choose effective learning media with the aim of getting technology that can facilitate students to learn well. Society has changed from a conventional model of moving information-based, which results in an emphasis on different knowledge and skills. When entering the world of profession, a teacher is expected to be able to prepare students' skills to face the 21st century using digital technology. The method used uses a systematic literature review. The purpose of this literature review is to dig deeper into the issues and challenges in integrating Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) for Professional Teacher Development in the 21st century. This literature review reviews research on TPACK and other literature that reviews the development of quality professional teachers. The findings show that TPACK has a good impact on improving services in teaching and learning to become professional teachers.

KOLB’S EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING AS AN EFFECTIVE LEARNING MODEL IN CREATIVE PRODUCT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUBJECTS

<span>Student learning outcomes are influenced by the ability of students to understand and the ability of teachers to deliver subject matter. In the delivery of subject matter, appropriate and effective learning models are needed to improve student understanding. This article presents an effective learning model for Creative Products and Entrepreneurship subjects in Vocational School. The aim of this subject is to form students to have the character, skills, and understanding as an entrepreneur, and to be able to bring up quality young entrepreneurs. To achieve the learning goal, learning activities must involve students directly. The experiential learning model emphasizes the role of active student experience and involvement. Through practice-based learning experiences, students feel more confident in handling jobs in real work. Learning through this model is able to facilitate students in learning so that it could improve student learning outcomes. Therefore, experiential learning is one alternative solution in the Creative Products and Entrepreneurship learning process. The research method used is a review literature by analyzing various relevant sources related to the importance of experiential learning and the challenges of its implementation. Creative Products and Entrepreneurship learning in Vocational Schools is implemented in various forms of production and business-based learning which is a real practice. Through experiential learning, it is expected that entrepreneurial learning objectives could be achieved and young entrepreneurs from Vocational Schools could increase significantly. This is in accordance with the concept of work, continuing study, and entrepreneurship for vocational high school graduates. In addition, it also supports the Entrepreneurial School program as an effort of the government to achieve the vocational high school revitalization target, while at the same time reducing the unemployment rate of vocational high school graduates.</span>

THE EFFECT OF QUENCHING MEDIA VARIATIONS ON MICRO STRUCTURE AND VIOLENCE OF THE S45C STEEL STEEL WELDING RESULTS

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of current on microstructure and hardness value in S45C steel before (raw material) and after welding using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). This research using experiment method. The Technique of data analysis using descriptive comparative research. The instruments that used for testing microstructure and hardness is Olympus Metallurgical Microscope and Vickers Hardness Tester. Based on the results of the research conclude that (1) the results of the microstructure testing showed the improved martensite structure after welding. In the raw material, martensite structure didn’t exist but the result of SMAW welding methods using quenching media of water, oil, and air that showed martensite structure was exist. (2) The hardness value of raw material is 232 VHN. The specimen with water media had highest average hardness value that is 411 VHN, oil media had average hardness value that is 308 VHN, air media had lowest average hardness value that is 263 VHN. This research showed that the result of SMAW welding using varying quenching media can changed the microstructure and hardness of S45C steel.

THE EFFECT OF ETHANOL ADDITION ON VEHICLE FUEL CONSUMPTION IN ECONOMIC TERMS - A REVIEW

<p>The technological development of the automotive sector is increasing, every year there is an increase in the production of motor vehicles in Indonesia. The increase in motorized vehicles will certainly have an impact on the use of fuel oil which is also increasing. Though fuel oil is a non-renewable fossil fuel, so that continuous use can lead to scarcity of fossil fuels someday. In addition to causing scarcity of fossil fuels, the increasing number of vehicles will also cause the surrounding environment to be increasingly polluted by the exhaust emissions from the combustion process of the motorized vehicles. Various alternatives are used as a mixture of fuels to reduce fuel consumption and vehicle exhaust emissions, such as ethanol, hydrogen, butanol, biodiesel, methanol etc. The purpose of this literacy study was to determine the effect of using ethanol on fuel consumption and its economic value. Based on the results of a study of literacy is known that the addition of ethanol does reduce the level of fuel consumption, However, if viewed from an economic perspective, the addition of ethanol has actually caused the purchase price of fuel to increase, this will certainly hinder the growth of the desire to use ethanol as an alternative source of fuel substitute by the people of Indonesia.</p>

THE EFFECT OF CURRENT VARIATION ON MICRO STRUCTURE AND HARDNESS IN ALLOYSTEEL SS400 WELDING PROCESS USING SMAW METHOD

This research aims to find out the effect of current on microstructure and hardness value in Alloy Steel SS400 before (raw material) and after welding using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). This research uses experiment methods. Technique of analyzing data used was a descriptive comparative research. The instruments used for testing microstructure and hardness were Olympus Metallurgical Microscope and Vikers Hardness Tester. Base on the result of research, it could be concluded that the result of microstructure testing showed the improved ferrite structure after welding. In raw material, ferrite structure seemed to looks evenly, but the result of welding using SMAW welding method with current of I20 A, 130 A, and 140A showed that ferrite structure reduced in each specimen, so that perlite structure was very dominant. The hardness value of hardness result showed the different hardness level. The specimen with current of 140 A had higher hardness level of 231,055 VHN than the specimen with current of 120 A (219.222 VHN) and 130 A (223,333 VHN). The result of hardness testing on raw material was 182,333 VHN. This research showed that the welding using varying current changed microstructure and affected the hardness value of Alloy Steel SS400.

EFFECT OF HEATSINK FIN AND THERMAL INSULATORS ON OUTPUT OF THERMOELECTRIC POWER OF HEAT OF MOTORCYCLE EXHAUST GAS

Thermoelectric can be utilized to convert exhaust heat into electricity. This study aims to determine the effect of heatsink height and thermal insulation on electric power generated from thermal powered thermoelectric plants. This research is using an experimental method. The technically of data analysis is descriptive comparative. In this research were used 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm heatsink fin. Thermal insulator materials are glass wool and aluminum foil. Electrical power obtained from multiplication of electrical voltage and electric current. The data analysis was indicated the increasing electrical power with increasing heatsink fin height. The higher power is accomplished by using heatsink fin 30mm at 0.56-watt power output, and the smaller power is obtained by using heatsink fin 10mm at 0.32-watt power output. The results of thermal insulation testing indicate that there is an increase in electrical power when the use of thermal insulator. Data analysis were reported the most significant strength is obtained on the use of 30 mm heatsink with an isolator of 0.76 watts, and the smallest power is obtained on the use of high heatsink 10 mm without thermal insulator is 0.32 watts. The results of this study indicate that the heatsink fins height and thermal insulators affect the power generated by thermoelectric power plants.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF FAMILY ENVIRONMENT, SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AND THE ROLE OF THE TEACHER IN THE LEARNING PROCESS WITH THE MOTIVATION OF LEARNING IN STUDENTS OF CLASS XI PROGRAMS MACHINING SMK N 2 KARANGANYAR SCHOOL YEAR 2017/2018

The research aims at finding the correlation between family environment, school environment, teachers role, school environment with motivation of learning of the students in Grade XI of Mechanical Expertise Program of State Vocational High School 2 of Karanganyar. This research is correlational. The population of this research is all off the students as many as 102 in Grade XI of Mechanical Expertise Program of State Vocational High School 2 of Karanganyar. The sample of research were taken by using the simple random sampling technique and consist of 80 students. The variables of research consisted of three independent variables: family environment, school environment and teacher role in learning process, and one dependent variable that is learning motivation. Methods of data collection using questionnaire method. Questionnaire method used to collect data of family environment variable, school environment, role of teacher in learning process and motivation learning. The questionnaire test was conducted on 30 students. Validity and reliability test using SPSS version 21.0. The results showed, there are significanly corelation between two element.