scholarly journals Rehabilitation of critical land by Implementing complex agroforestry at the prioritized subwatersheds in the Muria Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti ◽  
Djoko Purnomo ◽  
Hendy Hendro ◽  
Untung Sudjianto ◽  
Budi Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Coffee Tree ◽  
Cropping Patterns

<pre>The prioritized  subwatersheds are comprised of seven subwatersheds that have been declared critical within the 52 subwatersheds in the Muria Mountains. An area of approximately 11,000 ha, the topography of the prioritized  subwatersheds is wavy—the typical slope ranges from 25 to 45%—and susceptible to erosion. The purpose of this research was to evaluate agroforestry cropping patterns to support soil conservation and reclamation on critical lands. This study is a quantitative description of research conducted through survey. The results show that most of the researched area has Inceptisols soil type with sandy, clay, and loam textures. The nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, C-organic, and organic matter contents are relatively low while the vegetation Diversity Index is categorized as medium. Sengon trees dominate in the prioritized  subwatersheds area, followed by mahogany, coffee, and teak with average Importance Values of 89.57, 60.24, 78.40, and 21.03, respectively. This research shows that an agroforestry system comprised of sengon trees and coffee is ideally applied in the prioritized  subwatersheds. Coffee requires shade and reduces rain-induced erosion; sengon trees function as a shade while at the same time contributing to the soil as a source of nutrients. During rains, this combined agroforestry system is able to control surface runoff and soil erosion. A sengon/coffee-tree based agroforestry system is ecologically friendly and appropriate for development in the prioritized  subwatersheds.</pre>

Surface runoff, soil and nutrient losses from farming systems in the Australian semi-arid tropics

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dilshad ◽  
JA Motha ◽  
LJ Peel
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
North West ◽  
Semi Arid

Most soils suitable for dryland agriculture in north-west Australia occur in the Daly Basin. These are sesquioxidic soils which include red, yellow and grey earths, and soils related to yellow and red earths. The potential, for these arable soils to be degraded by highly erosive rainfalls, common to the region, is high. Farming practices strongly influence the soil surface characteristics (vegetation cover, roughness, soil strength), which in turn control surface runoff, and sediment detachment and transport. In studies conducted during 1984-89 in the Daly Basin, conventionally tilled catchments, produced 1.5-2 times more runoff and lost 1.5-6 times more soil than their no-tillage counterparts (all catchments were within soil conservation banks). In these conventionally tilled catchments, soil loss was <8.1 t/ha.year. Other studies in the region have shown that, without soil conservation banks, soil loss can be around 100/ha.year under conventional tillage. Little work, however, has been undertaken on farms in the Australian semi-arid tropics to study the movement of nutrients and herbicides (in ionic and adsorbed forms) and further research is warranted.

scholarly journals Soil Arthropods Diversity in Manggis Natural Reserve and Coffee Agroforestry System Kediri Regency, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 341-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Suheriyanto ◽  
Soemarno ◽  
Bagyo Yanuwiadi ◽  
Amin Setyo Leksono
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Soil Arthropods ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Coffee Agroforestry ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Soil Arthropod ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Soil arthropods have role as herbivores, decomposers, predators and bioindicators of the various functions on ecosystems. Soil arthropods have an important role in increasing and maintaining soil productivity through the decomposition process of organic matter. The research was conducted to investigate abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in Manggis Natural Reserve and Coffee Agroforestry System. Hand-shorting methods and pitfall traps were used to catch soil arthropods. The abundance of soil arthropods were analyzed into diversity index. The result showed that the Natural Reserve has higher family number of soil arthropod and diversity index than the Agroforestry System. Individual of Hymenoptera order is very abundant in both location.

scholarly journals A small rainfall simulator for the determination of soil erodibility.

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kamphorst
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Highly Sensitive

A small rainfall simulator is described, which can be used in the field as well as in the laboratory for the determination of infiltration and erosion characterisitcs of soils. It is particularly suitable for soil conservation surveys, as it is light to carry and easy to handle in the field. A description is given of a standard procedure for the determination of topsoil erodibilities in the field and some results are presented. The method appears to be highly sensitive to soil properties influencing soil erodibility, such as clay content, organic matter content and soil pH. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Diversity of Cropping Pattern in Bogra

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
ABMJ Islam ◽  
SM Shahidullah ◽  
ABM Mostafizur ◽  
A Saha
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Crop Diversity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Agricultural Region ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

With a view to document the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity, a study was carried out over all the upazilas of Bogra agricultural region during 2015-16. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was properly used for this purpose. In the findings it was recorded that 21.88% of net cropped area (NCA) of the region was occupied by the cropping pattern Boro−Fallow−T. Aman. This pattern was found to be distributed over 27 upazilas out of 35. The second largest area, 13.26% of NCA, was covered by Potato−Boro−T. Aman, which was spread over 17 upazilas. A total of 177 cropping patterns were identified in the whole region in this investigation. The highest number of cropping patterns was identified 36 in Nandigram upazila and the lowest was six in Dupchachia and Kahalu upazila of Bogra district. The lowest crop diversity index (CDI) was reported 0.718 in Raiganj upazila of Sirajganj district followed by 0.734 in Kalai of Joypurhat. The highest value of CDI was observed 0.978 in Pabna sadar followed by 0.972 in Bera upazila. The range of cropping intensity values was recorded 183-291%. The maximum value was for Khetlal upazila of Joypurhat district and minimum for Bera of Pabna. As a whole the CDI of Bogra region was calculated 0.966 and the average cropping intensity at regional level was 234%.Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 73-90

scholarly journals Cropping Systems and their Diversity in Khulna Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
M Harunur Rashid ◽  
BJ Shirazy ◽  
M Ibrahim ◽  
SM Shahidullah
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Crop Diversity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
The Third ◽  
Waterlogged Area ◽  
Boro Rice ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study includes the existing cropping pattern, cropping intensity and crop diversity of Khulna region. A pre-designed and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the information and validated through organizing workshop. Single T. Aman cropping pattern was the most dominant cropping pattern in Khulna region existed in 17 out of 25 upazilas. Boro-Fallow-T. Aman cropping pattern ranked the second position distributed almost in all upazilas. Boro-Fish was the third cropping pattern in the region distributed to 17 upazilas with the major share in Chitalmari, Dumuria, Rupsha, Tala, Kalaroa, Mollahat, Terokhada, Bagerhat sadar, Fakirhat, Rampal and Phultala upazilas. Single Boro rice was recorded as the fourth cropping pattern covered 18 upazilas with the higher share in waterlogged area of Dumuria, Mollahat, Tala, Bagerhat sadar, Fakirhat and Rampal. The highest number of cropping patterns was recorded in Kalaroa (26) followed by Tala (24) and the lowest was reported in Mongla (5). The overall crop diversity index (CDI) for the region was 0.93. The highest CDI was in Tala (0.95) and the lowest in Dacope (0.42). The average cropping intensity (CI) of the Khulna region was 171% with the lowest in Mongla (101%) and the highest in Kalaroa (224%).Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 203-215

scholarly journals Diversity of Cropping Patterns and Land Use Practices in Faridpur Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
ABM Mostafizur ◽  
MAU Zaman ◽  
M Shahidullah ◽  
M Nasim
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Crop Diversity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Development Workers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The development of agriculture sector largely depends on the reliable and comprehensive statistics of the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity of a particular area, which will provide guideline to policy makers, researchers, extensionists and development workers. The study was conducted over all 29 upazilas of Faridpur region during 2015-16 using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire with a view to document the existing cropping patterns, cropping intensity and crop diversity of this area. From the present study it was observed that about 43.23% net cropped area (NCA) was covered by only jute based cropping patterns on the other hand deep water ecosystem occupied about 36.72% of the regional NCA. The most dominant cropping pattern Boro−Fallow− Fallow occupied about 24.40% of NCA with its distribution over 28 out of 29. The second largest area, 6.94% of NCA, was covered by Boro-B. Aman cropping pattern, which was spread out over 23 upazilas. In total 141 cropping patterns were identified under this investigation. The highest number of cropping patterns was identified 44 in Faridpur sadar and the lowest was 12 in Kashiani of Gopalganj and Pangsa of Rajbari. The lowest crop diversity index (CDI) was reported 0.448 in Kotalipara followed by 0.606 in Tungipara of Gopalganj. The highest value of CDI was observed 0.981 in Faridpur sadar followed by 0.977 in Madhukhali of Faridpur. The range of cropping intensity value was recorded 113- 262%. The maximum value was for Saltha of Faridpur and minimum for Kotalipara of Gopalganj. As a whole the CDI of Faridpur region was calculated 0.971 and the average cropping intensity at regional level was 197%.Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 157-172

scholarly journals STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MESOFAUNA TANAH PEROMBAK BAHAN ORGANIK PADA VEGETASI KOPI DAN KAKAO

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kristina Erniyani ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga Puu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
High Level

The use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides can change the agroecosystem gradually. These changes may result in a decrease in the diversity of soil organisms. These organisms are very important in the decomposition process of reforming the organic matter into compounds that are readily absorbed by plants. Other changes include a change in the soil structure which will affect the soil chemical and physical characteristic and ultimately affect the soil productivity leading to a decreased agricultural product. The return of the remains from harvest, litter and crop residues from coffee and cocoa crops to the soil will provide energy for soil organisms and it will help maintain the soil environment that supports the life of other organisms. This research aimed at identifying the composition and diversity of mesofauna formed by the composted organic matter in cocoa and coffee plantations. Soil sampling was conducted on coffee and cocoa plantations in the Onelako village of Ndona District. Soil sampling was conducted in September 2010. Soil sampling used Neuman method of 0-15 cm and 16-30 cm depth. Each soil sample was taken to the laboratory. The separation of mesofauna from soil used Berlese-tullgran method that had been modified for 4 days. The separated Meso fauna was identified under the light microscope. The result of this research showed that the highest composition of mesofauna decomposer of organic matter in cocoa and coffee vegetation is Collembola. Collembola is very tolerant to acidic soil condition and they are dominant in the soil and surface habitats that contain lots of litter. Collembola is microarthropods that have large distribution both in quantity and diversity. The highest diversity of mesofauna on coffee vegetation is 1.525 and on cocoa, vegetation is 1.273. It was also noted that at a depth of 0-15 cm there was a higher concentration of mesofauna in the coffee vegetation area, which was about 7.3960, while in the cocoa vegetation there where 3.6376. The high level of the diversity index caused an increase in decomposition and therefore better soil fertility.

scholarly journals Structure and Distribution of Macrobenthos Community in Code River, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Ratih Ida Adharini ◽  
Putri Latifa Arumsari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Water Ph

This research aimed to explore the community structure of macrobenthos in Code River, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted during December 2019-January 2020 in Code River, Yogyakarta. Data was taken 4 times in 6 stations. Macrobenthos was taken using a Surber net with a size of 30 x 30 cm and sampling at 5 spots in each station. Data analysis consisted of density, diversity index, dominance index, and evenness index. Water quality data consisted of water temperature, flow velocity, water depth, water pH, dissolved oxygen, and organic matter. The results showed that the density of macrobenthos ranged from 54-172 ind/m2. Our results showed that Code River has moderate diversity based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Sulcospira testudinaria is the most dominant species in Code River. The evenness index showed high except at station 2 which was categorized as moderate. Code River has pretty good water quality, but stations 3, 4, and 5 which are located in the city area, it has a high organic matter content.

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