scholarly journals SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY, TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN POWER SUPPLY AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS OF CITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
P. P. Hovorov ◽  
K. V. Hovorova ◽  
А. К. Kindinova ◽  
O. Abdelrahim
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Centralized Control ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

Modern power supply and lighting systems of cities are complex electrical systems of an automated type, in which the processes in individual power supply systems and city lighting systems are interconnected and interdependent. Therefore, the search for efficient technologies for the transmission of electrical energy in them is an extremely difficult task. The real state of the power supply and lighting systems in cities today is characterized by low operating efficiency, largely due to the low quality of electrical energy and insufficient compensation of reactive power in them. The mutual influence of power supply and lighting systems in cities, as well as the presence of significant voltage deviations and the overflow of additional reactive power in the networks, causes an increase in voltage and power losses in them, as well as a decrease in the efficiency of networks and connected consumers, in general. Unfortunately, the existing methods and technical means based on them cannot fully solve this problem. The research carried out made it possible to clarify the nature of the processes in the power supply systems and the sanitation of cities and to determine the methods and technical means based on the Smart Grid concept. They are based on the use of phase-shifting booster transformers with an electronic control system. Their use made it possible to provide the possibility of complex control of the voltage modes of active and reactive power with the possibility of installation at any point in the network and centralized control from a single centre. The calculations show that the use of the developed methods and technical means provides an opportunity to reduce power losses in networks by 10–15% and energy costs for consumers by 50–75%.

scholarly journals Technology for reducing the consumption and losses of electrical energy in the power supply systems of railway consumers

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 01033
Author(s):  
Vasily Cheremisin ◽  
Yury Demin ◽  
Alexander Komyakov ◽  
Vladimir Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

The paper is devoted to the development of technology for reducing the consumption and losses of electrical energy of railway transport enterprises on the basis of the concept of “smart enterprise”. A design solution to the monitoring and management system for energy efficiency indicators was proposed; monitored parameters and influencing factors were determined. The application of the simulation model in the MATLAB/Simulink program for determining the set values of the monitored system parameters, namely, power losses and power factor depending on the influencing factors, is considered. The approximating equation is obtained. Specific power losses were calculated for various control options.

scholarly journals Integrated use of Smart Grid technologies in railway traction networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1041-1052
Author(s):  
Andrey Kryukov ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr Cherepanov ◽  
Irina Lyubchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Harmonic Coefficient ◽  
Power Source ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Phase Number

The purpose of the paper is to develop a methodology for modeling railway power supply systems equipped with a set of devices implemented on the base of smart grid technologies. The research is carried out using the Fazonord software package designed for modeling the modes of railway power supply systems in phase coordinates. The calculation model is implemented for the power supply system of a two-track section with five traction substations. The results obtained show that reliable and high-quality power supply of train traction and non-traction consumers can be ensured on the basis of the integrated use of active Smart Grid elements, such as a phase number converter, active harmonic conditioner, controlled reactive power source, and a distributed generation unit. Computer simulation allows to establish that in the absence of reactive power sources there are noticeable voltage fluctuations on 10 kV buses of non-traction consumers; the asymmetry is approaching the limit of normally acceptable values; disabling of the active filter results in the increase of the total harmonic coefficient of voltages up to 16%; if the entire complex of active devices is available, the high quality of electrical energy is achieved; the phase number converter is robust and features low sensitivity to the errors in parameter setting; voltage deviations caused by the limited variation range of reactive power in the reactive power source are short-term and do not exceed the values acceptable in practice. Thus, on the basis of Smart Grid technologies, distributed generation units can be connected directly to the traction network using a phase number conversion device formed according to the reciprocal Steinmetz circuit. Elimination of harmonic distortions created by rectifier electric locomotives is carried out by means of an active conditioner of higher harmonics. A controlled reactive power source can be used to maintain voltage levels.

scholarly journals Calculation of the economy of electric energy in industrial electrical supply systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
E. I. Gracheva ◽  
A. N. Gorlov ◽  
Z. M. Shakurova
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Supply Systems

The article examines the main features of the layout of electrical equipment for shop networks of internal power supply with the definition of indicators for a group of shop customers connected to a single power center, affecting the choice of the structure of schemes for shop network sites. The parameters characterizing the circuit topology are revealed. A study is presented of the influence of the load factor of workshop transformers on their reactive power factor, it is proved by calculation by technical and economic criteria the feasibility of replacing a workshop transformer with two with a lower total power. The calculation of energy savings in the in-plant power supply systems. The type of dependences tgφ of transformers ТМ and ТСЗ with various rated powers in the function of loading transformers is established. The most significant factors of the growth of idle power losses during operation are presented. With determination of losses of active and reactive power and electricity in transformers and losses of active power in a high voltage distribution network A feasibility study was carried out on the options for internal power supply schemes with two transformers of lower power installed instead of one, and the feasibility of such a replacement to increase the efficiency of the equipment was proved and the estimated payback period for the investment capital was determined. A comparative analysis of the studied power supply schemes of industrial enterprises with the identification of their advantages and disadvantages.

The use of smart grid technologies in power supply systems for railway consumers

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Yu.N. Bulatov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Kryukov ◽  
A.V. Cherepanov ◽  
I.A. Lyubchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Supply Systems

scholarly journals An Efficient Hybrid AC Metro Power Supply System Integrating PV With Grid

2019 ◽  
pp. 314-321
Author(s):  
J. Prince Joshua Gladson ◽  
A. Ravielango
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Traction Power Supply System ◽  
Traction Power Supply ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants

Metro is integral to the urban rail transit with the expansion of the city. Due to the tremendous power consuming of the traction load which is generally considered to be megawatt class, the attendant problems concerning energy-saving and emission-reduction cannot be neglected. An approach wherein the photovoltaic plants are connected into the metro traction power supply system to provide electrical energy is proposed in this paper. Given the deterioration of power quality brought about by PV connection, the photovoltaic inverter adopts output reactive power control method.

scholarly journals Solution of the problem of optimum power distribution of individual compensating devices for a group of asynchronous motors for a stable operating mode and for a smoothly changing load

2020 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
E.V. Tumaeva ◽  
S.S . Kuzin ◽  
I.F. Aflyatunov ◽  
T.G. Makuseva
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Asynchronous Motors ◽  
Power Loss Reduction ◽  
Active Power Losses ◽  
Compensating Devices

Residential and industrial buildings with large territorial dimensions, have mainly radial power supply schemes, which feed a large number of small and medium capacity 0.4 kV induction motors. For their power supply copper or aluminum cables of small cross-section (with high active resistance) are used. Calculations of electricity losses in such lines show significant values. In order to reduce active power losses in 0.4 kV cable lines, the optimization problem of minimizing active power losses in the radial power supply circuit is solved by optimal distribution of reactive power of a given value between compensating devices. The single-line scheme of power supply of a group of pumps of technological installation of petrochemical production is considered, the mathematical model of the optimization problem on criterion of minimum of active losses in power lines from reactive power flow is made, which limitations are presented as a system of linear algebraic equations. Results of distribution of optimum values of reactive power between compensating devices of asynchronous motors at maintenance of the set tg φ are received. The quantitative estimation of active power loss reduction in power lines at use of capacitor units, which reactive power is optimally distributed, is given.

scholarly journals Research and Solution Proposals to Optimize Distribution Power Grids in Smart Grid Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trung Son PHAM ◽  
Dinh Tien NGUYEN ◽  
Quang Thuan NGUYEN ◽  
Quang Khoa DANG
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Electric Power Grid ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

Smart Grid is a concept for transforming the electric power grid by using advanced automaticcontrol and communications techniques and other forms of information technology. It integratesinnovative tools and technologies from: generation, transmission and distribution. This also includesconsumer appliances and equipment. This concept integrates energy infrastructure, processes, devices,information and markets into a coordinated and collaborative process. All allowing energy to be generated,distributed and consumed flexibly and efficiently. However, the Smart Grid with the integration ofdistributed generation itself also creates a several disadvantages. There can be problems with: stabilityand reliability, relay protection, isolation and operational isolation in which the problem is to create aburden on the distribution grid when transmitting electrical energy sources. Optimizing power flow andbringing high operating efficiency on Smart Grid conditions is an urgent issue. This paper focuses onresearching and proposing solutions for optimal calculation of power flow on Smart Grid. The paper hasresearched, and analyzed calculation solutions to optimize power flow and proposed to use the Lagrangemultiplier method. The study performed calculations for a typical Smart Grid model with three distributedgenerations. Calculation results have shown that the role of the method is to fully perform the optimalcalculation of the power flow on the grid. This is in order to reduce power loss and energy loss as well asincreasing operational efficiency while improving power quality in Smart Grid conditions.

scholarly journals Power quality and losses in 0.38 kV rural distribution networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Igor V. Naumov ◽  
Alexander N. Tretiakov ◽  
Marina N. Yakupova ◽  
Elvira G. Fedurinova ◽  
Dmitriy N. Karamov
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Established Fact ◽  
Installed Capacity ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Additional Losses

The guidelines for the design of rural and urban power supply systems do not consider the issues of reactive power compensation and reduction in additional losses due to unbalanced and non-sinusoidal conditions. At the same time, today’s rural power consumers have a great number of non-linear loads in their residential premises. Moreover, the unbalanced phase currents and voltages are an established fact. The paper aims to demonstrate the extent to which power quality and losses vary in real rural 0.38 kV networks. To this end, the objectives were posed to study the operation of two facilities: 1- switchgear at the cottage (with an installed capacity of 15 kW); 2- switchgear at the communal entrance hallway for 60 apartments in an apartment building (with an installed capacity of 75 kW).

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