scholarly journals Research and Solution Proposals to Optimize Distribution Power Grids in Smart Grid Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trung Son PHAM ◽  
Dinh Tien NGUYEN ◽  
Quang Thuan NGUYEN ◽  
Quang Khoa DANG
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Electric Power Grid ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

Smart Grid is a concept for transforming the electric power grid by using advanced automaticcontrol and communications techniques and other forms of information technology. It integratesinnovative tools and technologies from: generation, transmission and distribution. This also includesconsumer appliances and equipment. This concept integrates energy infrastructure, processes, devices,information and markets into a coordinated and collaborative process. All allowing energy to be generated,distributed and consumed flexibly and efficiently. However, the Smart Grid with the integration ofdistributed generation itself also creates a several disadvantages. There can be problems with: stabilityand reliability, relay protection, isolation and operational isolation in which the problem is to create aburden on the distribution grid when transmitting electrical energy sources. Optimizing power flow andbringing high operating efficiency on Smart Grid conditions is an urgent issue. This paper focuses onresearching and proposing solutions for optimal calculation of power flow on Smart Grid. The paper hasresearched, and analyzed calculation solutions to optimize power flow and proposed to use the Lagrangemultiplier method. The study performed calculations for a typical Smart Grid model with three distributedgenerations. Calculation results have shown that the role of the method is to fully perform the optimalcalculation of the power flow on the grid. This is in order to reduce power loss and energy loss as well asincreasing operational efficiency while improving power quality in Smart Grid conditions.

Smart Grid Technology Prospect of Implementation in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Joniur Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Grid Technology ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Electric Power Grid ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Smart Grid Technology

The term "smart grid" refers to the transformation of the traditional electric power grid into a modern grid. Modernization of the present electric power system is an important step to implement the Smart Grid technology. The structure of the existing power sector in Bangladesh is almost a hundred years old. Due to which the power sector of Bangladesh facing huge power wastage. A Smart Grid also ensures the efficient transmission and distribution of electric power. This paper gives a brief description of Smart Grid, the latest trends, challenges, prospects, cost analysis of smart grid equipment, and its facility. The spotlight of this paper is to implement the Smart Grid's perspective to Bangladesh. That’s included to have new distributed generation technology, smart meter, a pilot project, etc. Also, the main objective of this paper is the comprehensive development of transmission and distribution loss reduction, which will be saving a big amount of capital every year. And that will play a huge role in the economy of Bangladesh to move forward in global progress.

scholarly journals Smart Grid Modernization: Opportunities and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saumen Dhara ◽  
Alok Kumar Shrivastav
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Electric Power Grid ◽  
Bulk Power ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

Recently, there have been significant technological approaches for the bulk power grid. The customer demand is associated with conventional grid coupled large central generating stations through a high voltage transmission to a distribution system. Urban transmission systems are consistently progressing to meet the increasing needs for power and to replace old-pattern generation with native renewable generation and power provisions from outward green energy resources. Power grid is undergoing remarkable modernization towards advanced consistency, greater efficiency, and less cost by the incorporation of renewable energy and developed control technology. Quick developing nature of grid, consumer needs, and industrial invention situates substation modernization at the leading of grid transformation. Smart grid is essential to accomplish all the fastest technological reformations occurring in generation, transmission and distribution (T&D) of electric power, with growing application of sensors, computers and communications. In this study the recent trend and application of electric power grid is briefly enunciated.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Plug-in Electric Vehicle Supported DVR for Power-Quality Improvement and Energy Back-Up Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 945-952
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Dynamic Voltage Restorer

Electric vehicle technology becomes increasingly important as it takes care of the environmental issues related to ICE vehicle and reduces the dependency on fossil fuels. Electric vehicle being greatly dependent on the limited electrical energy provided by a battery, the power flow efficiency is very important in this context. Electric vehicle integration to the distribution grid is increased at a faster rate because it can act as power backup to the grid/local loads reducing the peak load and filling the valley point. Most of software engineers own an Electric Vehicle based on eco-friendly principles. The Batteries in the car are connected to the charging point (or) grid monitoring of State of Charging (SOC) facilities in the parking area of company. When the Renewable power (solar energy) is available, the batteries will be charged to hundred percentage of SOC. Then excess power from PV will connect to load as well as grid. When the electrical power supply cutoff the car batteries will act as a battery bank of UPS and support to the critical load with condition based Allowable SOC. The total capacity of the batteries depends upon the no of cars available at a particular shift in a day. This work proposes the power backup of EV is utilized as an UPS to Software Company as well as used to support the Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) to mitigate the fault occurring in the distribution system. Additionally, the EV supported DVR compensates voltage harmonics, voltage sag-swell, voltage interruptions coming from distribution to enhance power-quality of entire EV system without any additional compensation devices. The entire system is modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results confer the feasibility of the proposed objective.

scholarly journals SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY, TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN POWER SUPPLY AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS OF CITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
P. P. Hovorov ◽  
K. V. Hovorova ◽  
А. К. Kindinova ◽  
O. Abdelrahim
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Centralized Control ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

Modern power supply and lighting systems of cities are complex electrical systems of an automated type, in which the processes in individual power supply systems and city lighting systems are interconnected and interdependent. Therefore, the search for efficient technologies for the transmission of electrical energy in them is an extremely difficult task. The real state of the power supply and lighting systems in cities today is characterized by low operating efficiency, largely due to the low quality of electrical energy and insufficient compensation of reactive power in them. The mutual influence of power supply and lighting systems in cities, as well as the presence of significant voltage deviations and the overflow of additional reactive power in the networks, causes an increase in voltage and power losses in them, as well as a decrease in the efficiency of networks and connected consumers, in general. Unfortunately, the existing methods and technical means based on them cannot fully solve this problem. The research carried out made it possible to clarify the nature of the processes in the power supply systems and the sanitation of cities and to determine the methods and technical means based on the Smart Grid concept. They are based on the use of phase-shifting booster transformers with an electronic control system. Their use made it possible to provide the possibility of complex control of the voltage modes of active and reactive power with the possibility of installation at any point in the network and centralized control from a single centre. The calculations show that the use of the developed methods and technical means provides an opportunity to reduce power losses in networks by 10–15% and energy costs for consumers by 50–75%.

scholarly journals Integrated Techno-Economic Power System Planning of Transmission and Distribution Grids

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Philipp Müller ◽  
Birgit Schachler ◽  
Malte Scharf ◽  
Wolf-Dieter Bunke ◽  
Stephan Günther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Power System Planning ◽  
System Planning ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
And Storage

The energy transition towards renewable and more distributed power production triggers the need for grid and storage expansion on all voltage levels. Today’s power system planning focuses on certain voltage levels or spatial resolutions. In this work we present an open source software tool eGo which is able to optimize grid and storage expansion throughout all voltage levels in a developed top-down approach. Operation and investment costs are minimized by applying a multi-period linear optimal power flow considering the grid infrastructure of the extra-high and high-voltage (380 to 110 kV) level. Hence, the common differentiation of transmission and distribution grid is partly dissolved, integrating the high-voltage level into the optimization problem. Consecutively, optimized curtailment and storage units are allocated in the medium voltage grid in order to lower medium and low voltage grid expansion needs, that are consequently determined. Here, heuristic optimization methods using the non-linear power flow were developed. Applying the tool on future scenarios we derived cost-efficient grid and storage expansion for all voltage levels in Germany. Due to the integrated approach, storage expansion and curtailment can significantly lower grid expansion costs in medium and low voltage grids and at the same time serve the optimal functioning of the overall system. Nevertheless, the cost-reducing effect for the whole of Germany was marginal. Instead, the consideration of realistic, spatially differentiated time series led to substantial overall savings.

scholarly journals A comparative study on common power flow techniques in the power distribution system of the Tehran metro

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghiasi
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Flow Techniques

Overall, a power-flow study is a steady-state assessment whose goal is to specify the currents, voltages, and real and reactive flows in a power system under a given load conditions. This paper presents a comparison of common power flow techniques in the Tehran metro power distribution system at the presence of non-linear loads. Moreover, a modelling, simulation and analysis of this power distribution system is implemented with the Electrical Transient Analyser Program (ETAP) software. In this assessment, common power flow techniques including the Newton-Raphson (NR), Fast Decoupled (FD), and Accelerated Gauss-Seidel (AGS) techniques are provided and compared. The obtained results (total generation, loading, demand, system losses, and critical report of the power flow) are analysed. In this paper, we focus on the detailed assessment and monitoring by using the most modern ETAP software, which performs numerical calculations of a large integrated power system with fabulous speed and also generates output reports. The capability and effectiveness of the power flow analysis are demonstrated according to the simulation results obtained with ETAP by applying it to the power distribution system of the Tehran metro. In developing countries such as Iran, off-line modelling and simulation of power grids by a powerful software are beneficial and helpful for the best usage of the electrical energy.

scholarly journals System of forming control signals by correction devices with creation of neural network patterns based on matrix analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
A. V. Manin ◽  
D. B. Vayner
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Control Signals ◽  
Reactive Power Flow

The compensating devices are controlled in the structure of the automatic control system in conjunction with the sensors included in a particular node of the power grid. But the overall state of the local power grid for the reactive power flow is not considered. It is proposed to generate control signals to correction devices by processing the information obtained by monitoring from remote sensors of voltage and current of the distribution grid. It is possible to use the matrix method of forming the control signals to correction devices to adjust the grid parameters. To improve the energy efficiency of correction devices in the monitoring structure, it is proposed to use static reactive power compensators (SVCs) based on magneto-valve elements. The proposed distribution grid monitoring structure with the transfer of information over a local area network from sensors to correction devices makes it possible to stabilize the required grid parameters among consumers and minimize the loss of electrical energy from reactive power flow.

scholarly journals An ICT Architecture for Managed Charging of Electric Vehicles in Smart Grid Environments

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bohn ◽  
M. Agsten ◽  
O. Waldhorst ◽  
A. Mitschele-Thiel ◽  
D. Westermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Grid Environments ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Near Future

Growing shortage of fossil resources and an increasing demand of individual mobility worldwide require technology alternatives to existing mobility solutions. Electric vehicles (EVs) as one possible solution have moved into the focus of research and development. To maximize the positive environmental effect of EVs, it is proposed to charge them with respect to the availability of renewable energies. As the number of EVs will grow in the near future, their impact on the power distribution grid is no longer neglectable. Related research shows that unmanaged charging of EVs could result in overload situations or voltage instabilities. To overcome this, methods are proposed to manage the charging process holistically. Herein EVs become substantial elements of intelligent power grids (Smart Grids). As of today, research in the area of Smart Grids focuses mainly on either energy aspects or communication aspects while neglecting the interoperability of energy and communication related aspects. In this paper, an insight into Information and Communication Technology (ICT) aspects with respect to Managed Charging of EVs in Smart Grid environments will be given. Based on the use case of Managed Charging, requirements will be analyzed, results will be derived, and ICT solutions will be proposed with a set of recommendations for Smart Grid architectures.

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