scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC MODELS OF OVERHEAD LINES TRANSMISSION BASED ON CRITERIONAL METHOD

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
V. V. Cherkashуna ◽  
V. M. Baklitsky
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Overhead Lines ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Specific Part ◽  
Criterion Method

Improved technical and economic models of 35–750 kV overhead lines in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On the Electricity Market" are proposed. The urgency and complexity of the problem is due to the fact that the transition to market relations presupposes the presence of private property, where the area under the grid facility, including the route of overhead lines, is a commodity and should be taken into account in shaping the value of this facility. In this regard, there is a need to review the discounted costs in the design of lines to bring them into line with market relations. The development of a new technical and economic model of 35–750 kV overhead lines was carried out taking into account the size and cost of land under the route of the line, which allows for a feasibility study of the optimal design option for the electrical network. The specific part of the land area in the cost of 1 km of overhead lines of different voltage classes is calculated. The components of the improved technical and economic model of 35–750 kV overhead lines are determined, namely the specific part of the component costs in the total cost of 1 km overhead lines of different voltage classes. A graphical representation of generalized models of investments in 35–750 kV overhead lines is presented. The presented studies take into account that during the construction of technical and economic models it is almost impossible to predict all its internal often stochastic connections, the elements of which cannot be expressed unambiguously, which leads to incomplete source information. Based on this fact, in the article for the analysis of the developed technical and economic models of lines the criterion method which allows to make decisions in conditional units both at full and at incomplete and indefinite initial information is applied. Implementing each equation of the developed technical and economic model of 35–750 kV overhead lines by the criterion method the ratio of components in the optimal design of lines in the corresponding voltage class is obtained, which allows to determine the development strategy of electrical networks and to form restrictions in incomplete source information.

scholarly journals Preventive Therapy: The Neoclassical Gradualist Model of Transition from Central Administration to Market Relations

2002 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
John Marangos
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Private Property Rights ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
The Social ◽  
Market Relations

The fundamental basis of the neoclassical gradualist approach to transition in Russia and Eastern Europe was to establish economic, institutional, political, and ideological structures before attempting liberalization. Without this minimum foundation, radical reforms would have inhibited the development of a competitive market capitalist system. This was because "privatization, marketization, and the introduction of competition cannot be contemplated in an economy reduced to barter" (Carrington 1992, 24). Also, implementation of the reform program required minimum standards ofliving; otherwise the social fabric of the whole society would have been at risk. The reform had to foster a social consensus that endorsed a system of secure private property rights (Murrell, 1995, 171) and had to be guided by the principles of voluntariness and free choice (Kornai, 1992b, 17).

Personality, Relationships, and Decision Making with Relational Dynamics

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Bathory
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Relational Dynamics ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
Variable Probability

Within the field of Economics there is great interest in predicting the future. In creating Economic Models the rationale has been to create fixed equations that can account for all variables associated with the issues of capital, labor, wages, prices, tariffs and taxes but few models explored the human variable. Probability Statistics bases decision making models upon mathematical predictions. Game Theory is an economic model that begins to explain the rationale of human decision making, but fails to account for flawed thinking and pathology. Relational Dynamics attempts to provide a means of understanding the strategies used in communication and decision making. Within humanity, not all decisions are made rationally and to account for illogical choices, psychology has provided theories of pathology to explain human idiosyncrasies. This paper will explore personality disorders as described by the DSM V and Relational Dynamics in an attempt to understand how pathology influences relationships, decision making and behavioral economics.

scholarly journals Microsimulation model for the health economic evaluation of osteoporosis interventions: study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e028365
Author(s):  
Lei Si ◽  
John A Eisman ◽  
Tania Winzenberg ◽  
Kerrie M Sanders ◽  
Jacqueline R Center ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Health Economic Evaluation ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Microsimulation Model ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Health Economic Model

IntroductionOsteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that is characterised by reduced bone strength and increased fracture risk. Osteoporosis-related fractures impose enormous disease and economic burden to the society. Although many treatments and health interventions are proven effective to prevent fractures, health economic evaluation adds evidence to their economic merits. Computer simulation modelling is a useful approach to extrapolate clinical and economic outcomes from clinical trials and it is increasingly used in health economic evaluation. Many osteoporosis health economic models have been developed in the past decades; however, they are limited to academic use and there are no publicly accessible health economic models of osteoporosis.Methods and analysisWe will develop the Australian osteoporosis health economic model based on our previously published microsimulation model of osteoporosis in the Chinese population. The development of the model will follow the recommendations for the conduct of economic evaluations in osteoporosis by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases and the US branch of the International Osteoporosis Foundation. The model will be a state-transition semi-Markov model with memory. Clinical parameters in the model will be mainly obtained from the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study and the health economic parameters will be collected from the Australian arm of the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study. Model transparency and validates will be tested using the recommendations from Good Research Practices in Modelling Task Forces. The model will be used in economic evaluations of osteoporosis interventions including pharmaceutical treatments and primary care interventions. A user-friendly graphical user interface will be developed, which will connect the user to the calculation engine and the results will be generated. The user interface will facilitate the use of our model by people in different sectors.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is needed for this study. Results of the model validation and future economic evaluation studies will be submitted to journals. The user interface of the health economic model will be publicly available online accompanied with a user manual.

scholarly journals MODEL BIO-EKONOMI PERIKANAN CUMI-CUMI DI PERAIRAN KABUPATEN BANGKA, PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG (Bio-Economic Model of Squid Fisheries in The Waters of Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Wawan Oktariza ◽  
Budy Wiryawan ◽  
Mulyono S. Baskoro ◽  
Rahmat Kurnia ◽  
Sugeng H. Wisudo
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Production Level ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Optimal Production

<p>ABSTRACT<br /><br />Squid captured in the waters of Bangka Regency has grown, both with traditional and modern fishing gear. Fishing gear used consisted of squid jigging and stationary lift net. Squid fisheries in this water have not been well managed as evidenced by the tendency of squid production decreased in Sungailiat Fishing Port 17.59% per year in the period 2010-2013, the number of outside fishers who caught squid and rampant illegal tin mining in coastal waters. This study aims to determine the optimal level of squid resource management in the waters of Bangka based on biological and economic aspects. The analysis used is Schnute bio-economic models because it is more appropriate to estimate squid stock in this water. The results showed squid resources utilized in this water was overfishing, both biologically and economically since 2010 in which the production rate for the year has been 116.12% of MEY and 115.94% of MSY. Optimal production levels at MEY conditions are 767.13 tons per year with efforts 5,544 trips per year. The production level at MSY conditions are 768.33 tons per year and the efforts 5,733 fishing trips per year.<br /><br />Keywords: Bangka Regency waters, MEY, MSY, overfishing, squid fisheries</p><p>-------<br /><br />ABSTRAK</p><p>Penangkapan cumi-cumi di perairan Kabupaten Bangka telah berkembang, baik dengan alat tradisional maupun modern. Alat tangkap yang digunakan terdiri dari squid jigging dan bagan tancap. Perikanan cumi-cumi di perairan ini belum dikelola dengan baik seperti terlihat dari kecenderungan produksi cumi-cumi di PPN Sungailiat yang menurun 17,59% per tahun pada periode 2010 – 2013, banyaknya nelayan luar yang menangkap cumi dan maraknya penambangan timah illegal di perairan pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat pengelolaan sumberdaya cumi-cumi yang optimal di perairan Kabupaten Bangka berdasarkan aspek biologi dan aspek ekonomi. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu model bio-ekonomi Schnute karena lebih sesuai untuk menduga stok cumi-cumi di perairan ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemanfaatan sumberdaya cumi-cumi di perairan ini sudah mengalami tangkap lebih baik secara biologi maupun ekonomi sejak tahun 2010. Dimana tingkat produksi pada tahun tersebut sudah mencapai 116,12% dari MEY dan 115,94 dari MSY. Tingkat produksi optimal pada kondisi MEY yaitu 767,13 ton/tahun dengan upaya tangkap 5.544 trip/tahun. Adapun pada kondisi MSY, tingkat produksi 768,33 ton per tahun dan upaya tangkap 5.733 trip per tahun.<br /><br />Kata kunci: perairan Kabupaten Bangka, MEY, MSY, tangkap lebih, perikanan cumi-cumi</p>

scholarly journals Sovereignty vs Development. Belarusian Economy in the Context of Current Trends in World Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
V. A. Shamakhov ◽  
N. M. Mezhevich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Model ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
World Development ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The concept of sovereignty is now a cross-cutting and general scientific problem. In relation to Russian-Belarusian relations, it is primarily related to issues of economic sovereignty. Ideally, the solution of theoretical questions and practical actions in the field of integration should be spaced over time. However, in practice this is not always possible. Country economic models are not a new subject of study. However, there are not many such works in Belarus. In the article, the authors tried not only to indicate significant points of the Belarusian economic model. The need to develop integration within the framework of the union state of Russia and Belarus is practically not disputed by anyone. In practice, however, this integration has been slow. From our point of view, one of the reasons for this situation is the inattention to the fact that over 30 years of post-Soviet development in Belarus, as well as throughout the post- Soviet space, different economic models have developed. Understanding economic sovereignty in the era of globalization 2.0 is a difficult task for theorists and practitioners. How to reconcile the traditions of sovereignty and the need to deepen integration? This article is devoted to these issues.

Equilibrium models vs. evolutionary economic models

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Boland
Keyword(s):  
Economic Model ◽  
Evolutionary Economics ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Equilibrium Models ◽  
Individual Firm ◽  
Evolutionary Economic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

This chapter examines the extent to which models based on evolutionary economics can provide a worthy alternative to neoclassical equilibrium models. The chapter discusses the difference between Darwinian and non-Darwinian evolutionary economic models. The chapter includes a discussion of Armen Alchian’s 1950 article that he says is erroneously identified as evolutionary economics. The works of evolutionary economists Ulrich Witt, Jack Vromen, Richard Nelson and Sidney are explained and critically examined. The chapter also considers the question of whether evolutionary economics can ever displace equilibrium economics. Some current evolutionary economic model builders have serious doubts. The chapter concludes with some speculations about going beyond the consideration of the individual firm to include sociological aspects of consumer preference.

Efficiency and the Rise of the Welfare State

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-186
Author(s):  
Joseph Heath
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
State Spending ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Economic ◽  
Western Democracies ◽  
The Welfare State

Even among supporters of the welfare state there are several different theoretical reconstructions of the normative commitments that are taken to underlie it, all of which are in tension with one another. The three normative purposes most commonly cited are equality, community, and efficiency. These give rise to a corresponding set of models, which I refer to as the egalitarian, communitarian, and public-economic models of the welfare state. The objective of this chapter is to show that the public-economic model of the welfare state, though the least popular among political philosophers, is actually the most plausible. Not only does it provide a superior account of the existing configuration of welfare-state activities, but it alone is able to explain why, in all Western democracies, state spending rose almost continuously over the course of the 20th century.

Developing a Framework of Economic Model for Building Component Lifecycle Repair

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 3893-3897
Author(s):  
Nasly Bt Mohamed Ali ◽  
Nima Amani ◽  
Roslida Abd Samad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Model ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Maintenance Management ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Repair Cost ◽  
Development Tool ◽  
Building Component ◽  
Future Condition

Building component maintenance management is one of the most important issues in management of building lifecycle costs. Key to successful maintenance management is the ability to survey present condition and predict future condition for each component and facility present in a building. One of the methods is condition-based. This paper reflects on the condition index progress in repair system and maintenance of building facility by research in similar subjects and looks specifically at the use of condition index (CI) as a development tool. The result of research can be published as a guide to assist the development of programmers in field of economic models for optimization of repair cost of building component.

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