scholarly journals SYSTEMATICS OF COMPOSITIONS IN HISTORICAL GARDENS AS A DESIGN SUPPORT IN CONTEMPORARY DESIGN CONCEPTS

space&FORM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (48) ◽  
pp. 79-104
Author(s):  
Teresa Bardzinska-Bonenberg ◽  
◽  
Agata Bonenberg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Design Support ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Graphic Analysis ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Residential Garden ◽  
Historical Periods

People always valued nature around them so the gardens accompanied their houses and residences from the ancient times. Some features of garden compositions were recurring in historical periods differing only in some aspects. In contemporary gardens they are repeated again. To assess the coincidences, a short graphic analysis of the basic features of historical gardens was developed. A tool that has allowed to identify differences and similarities between old and contemporary is the tabulation of composition schemes of well-known historic gardens and comparing the results with the features of the recent developments. This allowed us to investigate whether the same elements of composition, despite 21st century changes, apply today. Key words: residential garden, historical establishments, garden layout, composition, contemporary gardens, repeated solutions.

scholarly journals QUANTUM GRAVITY BY THE COMPLEX CANONICAL FORMULATION

1992 ◽  
Vol 01 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 439-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIDEO KODAMA
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Quantum States ◽  
Hamiltonian Constraint ◽  
Canonical Formulation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Canonical Approach ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Basic Features

The basic features of the complex canonical formulation of general relativity and the recent developments in the quantum gravity program based on it are reviewed. The exposition is intended to be complementary to the review articles already available and some original arguments are included. In particular the conventional treatment of the Hamiltonian constraint and quantum states in the canonical approach to quantum gravity is criticized and a new formulation is proposed.

The Trickster in Serialized Television: An Anti-hero of Postmodern Mythologies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad Halwani
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Definition Of

Anti-heroes have become prevalent on the television home screen since the advent of cable in the late 90s. But the shift to Quality TV made the anti-hero even more dominant in its complex narratives. In order to understand why, I had to identify what an anti-hero really is. Carl Gustav Jung’s theory of the archetypes is one of the most comprehensive and referenced theories when it comes to character development and screenwriting, but the more complex contemporary narratives are becoming, the more the theory is proving to be outdated. However, a particularly perplexing Jungian archetype stands out: the trickster-figure. The investigation into the definition of the trickster yielded different attributes that render it a highly postmodern concept. This dissertation aims at identifying the contemporary TV anti-hero as the mythical player of tricks. Through a survey of 21st century semiotics, structural and poststructural theories, as well as contemporary theories on character and engagement in Serial TV consumption and “binge” culture, this dissertation aims to show how the trickster-figure is as relevant today as it was in ancient times.

scholarly journals Instilled ethnogenetic memory, or how the Rus people realized their Slavic nature

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 117-142
Author(s):  
Igor Shpyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Functional Potential ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Introductory Part ◽  
Different Content ◽  
Historical Periods

Background: The idea of the origin of the Slavic peoples from a single genetic root originated in the early Middle Ages and in all subsequent historical periods it served as a starting point for various mythologemes, ideologemes, theories and concepts. Even now, despite numerous attempts at deconstruction, they continue to function, producing “necessary” meanings and fueling established stereotypes. The later stages of their development are generally well studied, but the origin and initial establishment still remain a mystery. The greatest difficulty lies not so much in the small number and fragmentation of written reports on the early Slavs but in the absence of radically new, comprehensive interpretations. Purpose: The proposed investigation aims to initiate the filling of this gap by comprehensively considering the problem of forming the Slavic identity of Rus, through the prism not only of the original close interaction of Slavic peoples, but also the unique conditions and experience of their own Christian cultures, their remoteness, differences and alienations - perspectives still unexplored in the scientific literature. Results: Analysis of the episodes of the introductory part and Article dated 898 of the Tale of Bygone Years, which contain fragments of the oldest Slavic ethnogenetic ideas, shows their non-native origin. The image of the ancient Slavic community developed in the bosom of the Cyril and Methodius tradition. It penetrated Rus, apparently, in line with Western and South Slavic religious and cultural influences. At the same time, there was no single, more or less integral narrative. Rus chroniclers were forced to synthesize texts of different content and ideological direction and even genre, adapting them to their own historiographical concept. Although the term “Slavs” in Rus was actively used in the days before the writing of the Tale of Bygone Years, its functional potential was fully used only in the early XII century – thanks to the inculcation of the Rus identity – one of the pivotal and most deeply rooted structures of the collective historical consciousness. Key words: Rus, ethnogenetic notions, Slavic identity, The Tale of Bygone Years, Slavs, Cyril and Methodius tradition.

scholarly journals El poder subversivo de la fábula en sus diversas manifestaciones diacrónicas

2015 ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Gordana Matic
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Aspect ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Moral Aspect ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Selection Of

<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>La fábula ha tenido desde siempre una función retórica e ilustrativa que se ha manifestado a lo largo de la historia de modo dual: mostraba para enseñar, lo que muchas veces implicaba el componente moralizador, o para criticar. Mientras se empeñaba en conseguir una de las dos intencionalidades, o las dos simultáneamente, ha podido ser revestida de un tono humorístico, burlón, irónico o sarcástico. Partiendo de las observaciones sobre el género de Fedro, Rodríguez Adrados o Mireya Camurati, en este trabajo nos proponemos analizar una selección de fábulas clásicas, medievales, dieciochescas y decimonónicas, para demostrar que el aspecto crítico e incluso subversivo del género se mantiene abiertamente activo aun en las épocas en las que se potencia su intención didáctico-moralizante.</p><p>Palabras clave: fábula, definiciones del género, estudio diacrónico, aspecto crítico, aspecto didáctico-moralizante</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The fable has always had a rhetoric and illustrative function that manifested itself during its long history in two different ways: on one hand, it represented an example in order to teach, which usually implied the moral component, or on the other hand, to criticize. While it strived to achieve one of these intentions, or sometimes both simultaneously, it could have been written in a humorous, mocking, ironic or sarcastic tone. In this paper, we analyze a selection of classical and medieval, 18th and 19th century fables written in Spanish, with definitions proposed by Phaedrus, Rodríguez Adrados and Mireya Camurati as starting points, in order to show that the critical aspect of this genre was openly maintained and taken benefit of even in the historical periods when its didactic and moralizing intention was preferred and strongly emphasized.</p></div><p>Key words: fable, definition of genre, diachronic approach, critical aspect, didactic and moral aspect</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals OBRAMBNO PLANIRANJE – NUJEN INSTRUMENT POLITIKE PRI ZAGOTAVLJANJU OBRAMBNIH POTREB DRŽAVE

2017 ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
PAVEL VUK
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Military History ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Strategic Thought

Povzetek V prispevku predstavljamo znanstvena in aplikativna spoznanja pomembnih teoretikov in avtorjev 19., 20. in 21. stoletja s področij teorije strategije, teorije in filozofije vojne in vojskovanja ter vojaške zgodovine, ki so pripomogli k prepoznavanju in utrjevanju pomena obrambnega planiranja (Carl von Clausewitz, Liddell Hart, Bernard Brodie, Colin S. Gray, Harry R. Yarger, Williamson Murray in drugi). Na podlagi analize njihovih teoretičnih spoznanj proučujemo nujnost razvijanja strateške misli v obrambnem planiranju in nujnost obstoja obrambnega planiranja. Ta je v sodobnem svetu prepoznan kot eden od najučinkovitejših instrumentov države pri zagotavljanju njenih obrambnih potreb in obvladovanju negotove prihodnosti nacionalne varnosti. Ključne besede: politika, strategija, obrambno planiranje. Abstract The article presents scientific and applicative findings of important 19th, 20th and 21st century theoreticians and authors in the field of strategy theory, war and warfare theory and philosophy, and military history, who have contributed to the acknowledgment and reinforced importance of defence planning (Carl von Clausewitz, Liddell Hart, Bernard Brodie, Colin S. Gray, Harry R. Yarger, Williamson Murray et al.). On the basis of the analysis of their theoretical findings, we examine the urgency of developing a strategic thought in defence planning and the urgency of its existence. In the contemporary settings, defence planning is recognised as one of the most effective national instruments in the support of its defence needs and management of national security’s uncertain future. Key Words: Defence Planning, Strategy, Policy.

Russia: facing west or east

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jude Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
East Asia ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
The West ◽  
Uncertain Outcome ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Us ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Post War

This chapter reviews US-China-Russia relations in the post-war period, and considers how recent developments affect prospects for the US ‘pivot’. It explains why those driving US foreign policy towards China see the confrontation with Russia in Ukraine as a dangerous and diversionary adventure, leading to Sino-Russian convergence, distracting US attention from East Asia and undermining confidence among the US’s Asian allies of its commitment to the region. It is argued that if the US is to maintain primacy in the 21st century, it must subordinate other foreign policy goals to the paramount objective of containing China’s rise. The US’s failure to do this, instead pitting itself against both Putin in the West and China in the East, means it has driven Russia and China together, quite possibly sacrificing its vital need to contain China for a lesser goal of uncertain outcome in Ukraine.

A Knowledge Extraction and Design Support System for Supporting Industrial and Product Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
W. B. Lee ◽  
W. M. Wang ◽  
C. F. Cheung ◽  
Z. H. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Support System ◽  
Knowledge Extraction ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Design Support ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Design Support System ◽  
Design Ideas

Industrial and product design involves a lot of unstructured information for the generation of innovative product design ideas. However, the generation of innovative design concepts is not only time consuming but also heavily relies on the experience of product designers. Most existing systems focus mainly on the technical aspects of realizing product designs, which are inadequate to support concept generation process at the pre-design stage. In this paper, a knowledge extraction and design support system (KEDSS) is presented. The system aims at extracting key design concepts and depicting the trends of these concepts from the massive amount of unstructured design information in the open domain. A summary report, a related concept list, and concept trend graphs are produced based on the inputs of the designers' design ideas. A series of experiments have been conducted to measure the performance of the system. Moreover, the system has been successfully trial implemented as part of a public service platform for modern industrial design of injection molding machinery and equipment.

scholarly journals Recent developments in emerging two-dimensional materials and their applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Khan ◽  
Ayesha Khan Tareen ◽  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Renheng Wang ◽  
Yupeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Materials ◽  
Recent Developments

The technological evolution has been progressing for centuries and will possibly increase at a higher rate in the 21st century.

Foreword: Nuclear methods in magnetism

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Keyword(s):  
Kondo Effect ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Magnetic Behaviour ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Electron Configuration ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Recoil Implantation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Basic Features

Usually, the occurrence of magnetism on isolated, substitutional 3d, 4d and 5d impurity ions in metals is restricted to certain 3d ions (mainly Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) in alloying metallic systems. The application of the perturbed γ-ray distribution method following heavy ion reactions and recoil implantation has offered an experimental technique for producing and investigating new magnetic systems. Of special importance are nonalloying systems, which can exhibit extreme variations of e.g. density of states and atomic volume in the probe–host combinations produced by recoil implantation. Recent developments in this field include the following: Magnetism and the Kondo effect observed for 43Sc ions in alkali metal hosts are found to be consistent with a nearly localised, ionic 3d1 single-electron configuration, and parallel the behaviour observed in certain Ce systems. More generally, essential features of the magnetism of 3d and 4d ions in sp metal hosts are similar to those of 4f systems. Recent experimental and theoretical studies of 54Fe in d-band metal hosts are of key importance for an understanding of the basic features of local moment formation on substitutional Fe ions in transition metal hosts in general. In many nonalloying 54Fe probe-host combinations, (at least) two different magnetic responses have been detected. These components correspond to substitutional and interstitial sites of the implanted probes, as has been verified by in-beam Mössbauer spectroscopy of 57Fe in a series of host metals. This provides new insight into lattice site occupation as a function of host properties and allows directed investigations of the magnetic behaviour of Fe (and Mo) ions on interstitial lattice sites. Depending on the host metal, interstitial Fe is found to be nonmagnetic, e.g. in Zr, or magnetic, e.g. in Yb. Surprisingly, even the 4d ion Mo can be magnetic on interstitial sites. The experimental results for the substitutional as well as the interstitial sites can be compared to extensive theoretical work within the framework of local spin density calculations.

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