scholarly journals Technology-driven methodologies to collect qualitative data among youth to inform HIV prevention and care interventions

mHealth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
Kristi E. Gamarel ◽  
Rob Stephenson ◽  
Lisa Hightow-Weidman
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Qualitative Data

scholarly journals Development and initial validation of a simple tool to screen for partner support or opposition to HIV prevention product use

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242881
Author(s):  
Elizabeth E. Tolley ◽  
Seth Zissette ◽  
Andres Martinez ◽  
Thesla Palanee-Phillips ◽  
Florence Mathebula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Initial Validation

In HIV prevention trials, male partners have influenced women’s ability to adhere to investigational products, including antiretroviral (ARV) containing vaginal rings. Validated scales can be useful tools to systematically measure complex constructs, such as those related to male partner engagement. Although multiple scales exist to assess physical, psychological and sexual violence within intimate relationships, fewer scales focus on supportive behaviors within these relationships. Our intervention involved development of a Healthy Relationship Assessment Tool (HEART) that assessed both positive and negative aspects of male partner involvement in women’s HIV prevention. We identified and refined 127 potential items, representing intimate partner violence, agency and social support. A structured survey, including potential items and other sociodemographic and behavioral variables was administered to former microbicide trial and non-trial participants. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify a reduced set of constructs and items to screen women who might experience social harms or benefits from vaginal ring use. We examined associations between constructs and with other survey variables to assess content and construct validity. In a subset of 10 women who participated in the survey and qualitative interviews, we used qualitative data to predict survey scores. We retained five constructs with theoretical relevance and good-to-strong reliability for the tool, including: Traditional Values; Partner Support; Partner Abuse & Control; Partner Resistance to HIV Prevention; and HIV Prevention Readiness. Predicted associations between HEART constructs, and correspondence between participants’ qualitative data and HEART scores were generally correct, while those between constructs and other sociodemographic variables were more mixed. Initial validation of the HEART tool was promising. The tool will be used during the CHARISMA pilot study at the Johannesburg MTN 025/HOPE site and validated as part of a randomized controlled trial of CHARISMA within a PrEP demonstration project. Beyond clinical trial settings, HEART could assist PrEP or antiretroviral treatment (ART) providers with an easy-to-administer tool to identify risk and tailor risk reduction, empowerment and adherence counseling for microbicides, PrEP or ART related services.

scholarly journals Contraceptive use among Young Adults in Zimbabwe, Questionnaire Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Lianora Manyange ◽  
Tolbert Mucheri ◽  
Thabani Nyoni ◽  
Norman Makunika ◽  
Naftaly Mose
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Prevention Methods

Adolescents face several challenges where ASRH issues are concerned. One of these issues is the low uptake of HIV prevention services especially those in high-density urban townships who are prone to several factors that hinder their access to HIV prevention services. This study sought to highlight the prevalence of HIV prevention methods use among adolescents and factors that determine their accessibility in Dzivarasekwa and Tynwald Districts. A total of 500 questionnaires were administered to adolescents aged 15-19 years to collect quantitative data. The study also conducted 10 Focus group discussions and 20 Key informant interviews to solicit qualitative data. The findings showed that, though a level of prevention was observed, a significant number of adolescents were engaging in sexual activities. Adolescents were aware of most HIV prevention methods: however, their knowledge was not being translated into the utilization of these methods. Recommendations were also offered to serve on how HIV prevention services uptake can be improved amongst adolescents.

scholarly journals The Role of Religious Leaders On The Use of HIV/AIDS Prevention Strategies Among Young People (15-24) in Lira District, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Murungi ◽  
Irene Kunihira ◽  
Pamela Oyella ◽  
Moses Mugerwa ◽  
Peruth Gift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Prevention Messages ◽  
Hiv Prevention Strategies ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Young people (15-24 years) bear the highest burden of new infections and are particularly vulnerable because of their highly risky behavior. There is paucity of information on the role of religious leaders in the multi-sectoral fight against HIV/AIDS. We examined the role of religious leaders in the use of HIV prevention strategies among young people.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between March and April 2021 among 422 randomly selected young people in Lira district. An interviewer administered a questionnaire to the young people in order to collect quantitative data. About 20 key informants were purposively sampled and interviews were conducted with religious leaders using a key informant's interview guide. Data was collected on social demographics, HIV prevention messages, and awareness about HIV prevention strategies. Data was analyzed using Stata version 15 using proportions, means, percentages, frequencies, and logistic regression analysis at a 95% level of significance. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic content analysis and the major themes were generated from the participants’ responses.Results: About 57.1% (241/422) of the respondents were females. The prevalence of use of HIV prevention strategies among young people was 69.4%. Factors significantly associated with the use of HIV prevention included completing the primary level (aOR 4.95, p< 0.05), completing at least A level (aOR 8.85, p < <0.05), Awareness of HIV prevention strategies by religious leaders (aOR 0.02, p<0.001), religious leaders provided HIV prevention messages (aOR 2.53, p<0.01), Advocacy for abstinence outside marriage and fidelity in marriage (aOR 35.6, p<0.01), Religious leaders preaching about HIV prevention (aOR 4.88, p<0.001).Our qualitative data indicated that a section of religious leaders recommended abstinence/faithfulness. Condom use was the most discouraged HIV prevention strategy. However, most religious leaders agree with the fact that they have a role to play in HIV prevention, which includes sensitization, teaching and organizing sermons about HIV prevention.Conclusion: The use of HIV prevention strategies by religious leaders among young people was nearly 70%. This finding indicates that religious leaders have a role to play in HIV/AIDS prevention among young people in the Lira district. This calls for the involvement of religious leaders in HIV prevention programs tailored to prevent new infections of HIV among young people.

scholarly journals HIV-related stigma and universal testing and treatment for HIV prevention and care: design of an implementation science evaluation nested in the HPTN 071 (PopART) cluster-randomized trial in Zambia and South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1342-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R Hargreaves ◽  
Anne Stangl ◽  
Virginia Bond ◽  
Graeme Hoddinott ◽  
Shari Krishnaratne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background : Stigma and discrimination related to HIV and key populations at high risk of HIV have the potential to impede the implementation of effective HIV prevention and treatment programmes at scale. Studies measuring the impact of stigma on these programmes are rare. We are conducting an implementation science study of HIV-related stigma in communities and health settings within a large, pragmatic cluster-randomized trial of a universal testing and treatment intervention for HIV prevention in Zambia and South Africa and will assess how stigma affects, and is affected by, implementation of this intervention. Methods/Design : A mixed-method evaluation will be nested within HIV prevention trials network (HPTN) 071/PopART (Clinical Trials registration number NCT01900977), a three-arm trial comparing universal door-to-door delivery of HIV testing and referral to prevention and treatment services, accompanied by either an immediate offer of anti-retroviral treatment to people living with HIV regardless of clinical status, or an offer of treatment in-line with national guidelines, with a standard-of-care control arm. The primary outcome of HPTN 071/PopART is HIV incidence measured among a cohort of 52 500 individuals in 21 study clusters. Our evaluation will include integrated quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis in all trial sites. We will collect quantitative data on indicators of HIV-related stigma over 3 years from large probability samples of community members, health workers and people living with HIV. We will collect qualitative data, including in-depth interviews and observations from members of these same groups sampled purposively. In analysis, we will: (1) compare HIV-related stigma measures between study arms, (2) link data on stigma to measures of the success of implementation of the PopART intervention and (3) explore changes in the dominant drivers and manifestations of stigma in study communities and the health system. Discussion : HIV-related stigma may impede the successful implementation of HIV prevention and treatment programmes. Using a novel study-design nested within a large, community randomized trial we will evaluate the extent to which HIV-related stigma affects and is affected by the implementation of a comprehensive combination HIV prevention intervention including a universal test and treatment approach.

Cultural Awareness of Students in Communication Sciences and Disorders: A Mixed-Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1231-1242
Author(s):  
Celeste Domsch ◽  
Lori Stiritz ◽  
Jay Huff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Short Term Study

Purpose This study used a mixed-methods design to assess changes in students' cultural awareness during and following a short-term study abroad. Method Thirty-six undergraduate and graduate students participated in a 2-week study abroad to England during the summers of 2016 and 2017. Quantitative data were collected using standardized self-report measures administered prior to departure and after returning to the United States and were analyzed using paired-samples t tests. Qualitative data were collected in the form of daily journal reflections during the trip and interviews after returning to the United States and analyzed using phenomenological methods. Results No statistically significant changes were evident on any standardized self-report measures once corrections for multiple t tests were applied. In addition, a ceiling effect was found on one measure. On the qualitative measures, themes from student transcripts included increased global awareness and a sense of personal growth. Conclusions Measuring cultural awareness poses many challenges. One is that social desirability bias may influence responses. A second is that current measures of cultural competence may exhibit ceiling or floor effects. Analysis of qualitative data may be more useful in examining effects of participation in a short-term study abroad, which appears to result in decreased ethnocentrism and increased global awareness in communication sciences and disorders students. Future work may wish to consider the long-term effects of participation in a study abroad for emerging professionals in the field.

HSV Suppression Discredited for HIV Prevention

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
SHERRY BOSCHERT
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention

Perceptions of Adjunctive Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy to Prevent Suicidal Behavior Among High Suicide-Risk Outpatient Participants

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan S. Chesin ◽  
Beth S. Brodsky ◽  
Brandon Beeler ◽  
Christopher A. Benjamin-Phillips ◽  
Ida Taghavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Treatment Engagement ◽  
Suicidal Thinking ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Risk Patients

Abstract. Background: Few investigations of patient perceptions of suicide prevention interventions exist, limiting our understanding of the processes and components of treatment that may be engaging and effective for high suicide-risk patients. Aims: Building on promising quantitative data that showed that adjunct mindfulness-based cognitive therapy to prevent suicidal behavior (MBCT-S) reduced suicidal thinking and depression among high suicide-risk patients, we subjected MBCT-S to qualitative inspection by patient participants. Method: Data were provided by 15 patients who completed MBCT-S during a focus group and/or via a survey. Qualitative data were coded using thematic analysis. Themes were summarized using descriptive analysis. Results: Most patients viewed the intervention as acceptable and feasible. Patients attributed MBCT-S treatment engagement and clinical improvement to improved emotion regulation. A minority of patients indicated that factors related to the group treatment modality were helpful. A small percentage of patients found that aspects of the treatment increased emotional distress and triggered suicidal thinking. These experiences, however, were described as fleeting and were not linked to suicidal behavior. Limitations: The sample size was small. Conclusion: Information gathered from this study may assist in refining MBCT-S and treatments to prevent suicidal behavior among high suicide-risk patients generally.

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