scholarly journals The World Health Organization STEPwise Approach to Noncommunicable Disease Risk-Factor Surveillance: Methods, Challenges, and Opportunities

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne Riley ◽  
Regina Guthold ◽  
Melanie Cowan ◽  
Stefan Savin ◽  
Lubna Bhatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Stepwise Approach ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Health Organization

scholarly journals Low fruit and vegetable consumption in Mozambique: results from a WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Padrão ◽  
Olga Laszczyńska ◽  
Carla Silva-Matos ◽  
Albertino Damasceno ◽  
Nuno Lunet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Stepwise Approach ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk Factor

Monitoring food consumption and its determinants over time is essential for defining and implementing health promotion strategies, but surveillance is scarce in Africa. The present study aimed to describe fruit and vegetable consumption in Mozambique according to socio-demographic characteristics and place of residence (urban/rural). A national representative sample (n 3323) of subjects aged 25–64 years was evaluated in 2005 following the WHO Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance, which included an assessment of usual fruit and vegetable consumption (frequency and quantity). Crude prevalence and age-, education- and family income-adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with 95 % CI were computed. Less than 5 % of the subjects reported an intake of five or more daily servings of fruits/vegetables. Both fruits and vegetables were more often consumed by women and in rural settings. In urban areas, the prevalence of fruit intake ( ≥ 2 servings/d) increased with education ( ≥ 6 years v. < 1 year: women, adjusted PR = 3·11, 95 % CI 1·27, 7·58; men, adjusted PR = 3·63, 95 % CI 1·22, 10·81), but not with income. Conversely, vegetable consumption ( ≥ 2 servings/d) was less frequent in more educated urban men ( ≥ 6 years v. < 1 year: adjusted PR = 0·30, 95 % CI 0·10, 0·94) and more affluent rural women ( ≥ $801 US dollars (USD) v. $0–64: adjusted PR = 0·32, 95 % CI 0·13, 0·81). The very low intake of these foods in this setting supports the need for fruit and vegetable promotion programmes that target the whole population, despite the different socio-demographic determinants of fruit and vegetable intake.

scholarly journals Obesity and associated lifestyle behaviours in Iran: findings from the First National Non-communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance Survey

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Kelishadi ◽  
Siamak Alikhani ◽  
Alireza Delavari ◽  
Farshid Alaedini ◽  
Afshin Safaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the national prevalence of overweight and obesity, as well as some associated lifestyle behaviours, for the first time in Iran.Design and SettingsThis population-based study was performed in early 2005 as part of the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases’ risk factor surveillance. Dietary and physical activity habits were assessed by WHO questionnaires.SubjectsThe study population comprised 89 532 subjects aged over 15 years living in the 28 provinces of Iran.ResultsOverall, 50.4% (n= 45 113) of the participants were male and 64.6% (n= 57 866) were from the urban areas. The national estimates of overweight, obesity and morbid obesity were 28.6%, 10.8% and 3.4%, respectively. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg m−2in men, women, urban residents and rural residents were found in 37%, 48%, 46.7% and 35.5%, respectively. Abdominal obesity was present in 43.4% of women, 9.7% of men, 28.5% of the urban residents and 23% of the rural residents. Overweight as well as generalised and abdominal obesity were more prevalent in the 45–64-year age group. Although there was no significant difference in frequency of consumption of the food groups in subjects with different BMI categories, various kinds of physical activities showed a steady decline with increasing BMI.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study provide alarming evidence for health professionals and policy makers about the very high prevalence of generalised and abdominal obesity in Iran. The unhealthy lifestyle habits, notably sedentary lifestyles in our community, are the major contributing factors for this emerging public health problem.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adults in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Awuni ◽  
Gideon Kye-Duodu ◽  
Charles Duodu ◽  
Francis B. Zotor ◽  
Basma Ellahi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
World Health ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Health Organization

<p><em>The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that a person consumes at least 400g of Fruit and Vegetable (FV) daily to prevent chronic disease risk. We assessed knowledge of current WHO guidelines and other determinants of FV intake among adults (? 18 years, n = 397) in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana. Face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire adopted from </em><em>WHO Risk Factor Surveillance System were undertaken. </em><em>Knowledge of FV daily servings and determinants of intake were evaluated by descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. There was a 99.2% response rate with approximately 9</em><em>% </em><em>of participants correctly stating the WHO daily recommended amount (P </em><em>=</em><em> </em><em>.</em><em>296</em><em>)</em><em>. Most (54%) of respondents’ FV intake was affected by unavailability of desired choice (</em><em>P </em><em>=</em><em> .050)</em><em>. Odds of inadequate consumption for persons aware of adequate intake amount was 1.97 (95% CI: 0.64, 6.05, P = .234) higher than persons without awareness. Participants with problems accessing their desired choice of FV had 0.59 odds (95% CI: 0.36, 0.95, P = .030) of consuming inadequate amount compared to those with easy access. Adequate FV intake depends on availability of consumer prefered choice regardless of knowledge of recommendations. Individual home based FV cultivation is relevant for availability of preferred choice and adequate consumption for NCDs risk reductions among Ghanaians.</em></p>

scholarly journals Gambaran Gangguan Fungsi Ginjal Kasus Baru Penderita Diabetes Melitus, Jantung Koroner, dan Strok pada Studi Kohor di Bogor Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woro Riyadina ◽  
Ekowati Rahajeng ◽  
Srilaning Driyah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Older Woman ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

One of the adverse effect of prolonged patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke was the emerge of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it would be burden of the economic. The prognosis of CKD in new cases of DM, CHD, and stroke during followed up in Cohort Study Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor in Bogor was not yet known. Aim to study was to obtain to CKD profile in DM, CHD, stroke, and comorbid incidences during Cohort Study Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor. This article has been result of cross sectional further analysis of secondary data on 370 new cases of DM, CHD, and stroke that who were examined for blood creatinine levels and calculated eGFR on 2018 and 2019. DM was diagnosed from fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl or post prandial glucose ≥200mg/dl. CHD was diagnosed by ECG examination and validated by cardiologist and stroke was diagnosed by anamnesis by a neurologist. The main variable is eGFR as an indicator of CKD which is the result of CKP-epi calculation based on creatinine levels in the blood. Other variables are age, sex, type of disease (DM, CHD, and stroke). Data were analyzed using chi-square test. The results showed that average age patients with CKD on new cases of DM, CHD, stroke, and comorbid in Bogor were 48.2 ± 8.6 years old. Proportions CKD on new cases of DM, CHD, strok and comorbid were 59.5%, 56.7%, 66.7% and 50.0%. CKD was higher in older woman than others. The prevalence of CKD was found very high in subjects with stroke, DM, CHD, and comorbid. So, it is necessary to prevent complications by early diagnosis of NCD with regular monitoring of kidney function by creatinine level test and avoid using drugs that caused kidney damage. Abstrak Salah satu komplikasi buruk dari penderita diabetes melitus (DM), penyakit jantung koroner (PJK), dan strok yang berkepanjangan adalah munculnya gangguan fungsi ginjal dan akan membebani ekonomi bagi penderitanya. Gambaran prognosis gangguan fungsi ginjal pada insiden DM, PJK, dan strok selama pemantauan Studi Kohor Faktor Risiko PTM (FRPTM) Bogor belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan gambaran gangguan fungsi ginjal pada kasus baru DM, PJK, dan strok yang muncul selama pemantauan Studi Kohor FRPTM. Artikel ini merupakan hasil analisis lanjut secara potong lintang dari data sekunder kasus baru (insiden) DM, PJK, dan strok pada Studi Kohor FRPTM sebanyak 370 subjek yang diperiksa kadar kreatinin darah dan dihitung eLFG pada tahun 2018 dan 2019. DM didiagnosis dari kadar gula darah puasa ≥126 mg/dl atau post prandial ≥200mg/dl. PJK dari hasil pemeriksaan EKG dan validasi dokter spesialis jantung dan strok hasil anamnesis oleh spesialis saraf dan sudah mengalami rawat jalan. Variabel utama adalah eLFG merupakan indikator terjadinya gangguan fungsi ginjal yang merupakan hasil hitung kadar kreatinin dalam darah dengan CKD-epi. Variabel lain adalah umur, jenis kelamin, jenis penyakit (DM, PJK, dan strok). Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil menunjukkan temuan gangguan fungsi ginjal pada penderita DM, PJK, strok, dan komorbid di Bogor berumur 48,2 ± 8,6 tahun dan proporsi masing-masing 59,5%, 56,7%, 66,7%, dan 50%. Subjek yang mengalami gangguan fungsi ginjal menunjukkan lebih banyak pada umur lebih tua dan perempuan. Tingginya proporsi gangguan fungsi ginjal pada penderita strok, DM, PJK, dan komorbid diperlukan pencegahan komplikasi sejak awal terdiagnosis PTM dengan memantau fungsi ginjal dengan pemeriksaan kadar kreatinin secara teratur, serta menghindari penggunaan obat yang menimbulkan kerusakan ginjal.

scholarly journals Preparedness and Response Efforts to Fight against COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Laboratory Facility ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Health Organization

In late December the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as global pandemic and needs international concern. As the novel corona virus rages through the world and spreads rapidly Africa is the least-affected continent at the moment. Sub-Saharan Africa is the home of more than one billion populations with fragile health system which is prone for the epidemic to occur. But Ebola experience left many African countries better prepared. We were searching all sources of the website related to preparation and prevention of COVID-19 in sub-Sahara Africa countries. Most African countries have established laboratory facility and implement the recommendations that terminate the outbreak COVID-19.

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