scholarly journals Epidemic Activity of Natural Tularemia Foci in the Territory of the Russian Federation in 2018 and Forecast of the Situation for 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. P. Popov ◽  
A. N. Mokrievich ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
A. V. Kholin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Control Center ◽  
The North ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Survey

Objective of the study – assessment of epizootic and epidemic situation on tularemia in 2018 and forecasting the risk of infection in the territory of the Russian Federation in 2019. Analysis of epidemiological situation was carried out on the basis of the data from monitoring activities performed by the Rospotrebnadzor institutions and the data contained in the reports of the Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute of Siberia and Far East, Plague Control Center, Federal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology, as well as federal statistical survey forms No 5 “Information on preventive vaccination” and No 2 “Information on infectious and parasitic  diseases” over the period of January-December 2018 in eight Federal Districts including 85 constituent entities. Given are the retrospective data on tularemia epidemic situation in the territory of the Russian Federation over the past decade. 1944 human tularemia cases were registered in Russia between 2009 and 2018, 1005 out of which occurred during epidemic outbreak in 2013 in Khanty-Manssiysk Autonomous Region. High sporadic and small cluster incidence was mainly observed in the territories of the North-estern and Siberian Federal Districts over the recent years. In 2018, 71 cases of human infection with tularemia agent were reported. Epizootic manifestations of varying degree of intensity were detected in 52 entities of Russia. Against that background, sporadic cases of human infection were registered in 19 regions of the country. For three years epidemic complications expressed to the maximum were observed in the Omsk Region – 18 cases of tularemia infection, and Karelia – 14 cases, respectively. 15 Francisella tularensis cultures were isolated from ambient  environment objects in Pskov, Leningrad Regions, Altai Territory, Republics of Altai and Tuva. Conclusions have been drawn in relation to the regions where epidemic complications associated with tularemia are most likely to emerge in 2019. 

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Epizootiological Situation on Tularemia in Russia and Neighboring Countries in 2019, the Forecast for 2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. P. Popov ◽  
A. N. Mokrievich ◽  
A. V. Kholin ◽  
A. V. Mazepa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
North Western

The review provides the data on the epidemic condition of tularemia foci in countries neighboring Russia and ongoing preventive measures in these territories. The highest tularemia incidence in the stated countries and in the world as a whole is observed in Finland. In 2019, 42 cases of human infection with tularemia pathogen were recorded in the territory of the Russian Federation, 85 % of which occur in three Federal Districts: North-Western, Central, and Siberian. Epizootic manifestations of infection of varying degrees of intensity were detected in 51 entities of the Federation. Against this background, sporadic cases of tularemia are registered in 17 regions of the country. The most severe epidemic complications continue in Karelia – 9 patients. Seventeen Francisella tularensis cultures were isolated from environmental objects in the Tver, Yaroslavl, Vologda Regions, in the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic. The paper gives an opinion on the regions in which epidemic complications of tularemia are most likely to occur in 2020.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Situation on Anthrax in 2018, the Forecast for 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Ryazanova ◽  
E. B. Ezhlova ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
O. V. Semenova ◽  
L. Yu. Aksenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Cutaneous Anthrax ◽  
Infected Meat ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Analysis of the anthrax incidence in the Russian Federation over the period of 2009–2018 showed that the infections among the population were recorded in 14 regions of 6 Federal Districts. 23 anthrax outbreaks among people were revealed, where 90 people got sick with 3 lethal outcomes. In comparison to the previous ten-year period (1999–2008), the number of cases of the disease was reduced by 1.6 times. Three cases of cutaneous anthrax were registered in two constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2018 – the Republic of Dagestan (1) and the Republic of Tyva (2). Outbreaks of infection among livestock animals and people were recorded in such neighboring states as Georgia, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Ukraine. Epizootiological and epidemiological instability as regards anthrax was observed in several countries of Asia and Africa. Human infection occurred as a result of contact with sick and dead animals in the process of slaughter and cutting of carcasses, consuming infected meat. Anthrax morbidity rates among animals and people in the Russian Federation in 2019 will depend on the comprehensiveness of implementation of the plans for anthrax prevention, and in case those plans will be realized at the maximum scale incidence will be limited to single cases.

scholarly journals HFRS Morbidity Dynamics in Federal Districts of the Russian Federation from 2001 to 2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
V. P. Toporkov ◽  
L. N. Velichko ◽  
A. E. Shiyanova ◽  
E. V. Kouklev ◽  
N. V. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Sickness Rate ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Average Index ◽  
Epidemiologic Analysis

The retrospective epidemiologic analysis of HFRS morbidity carried out from 2001 to 2007 showed that the highest sickness rate was registered in Privolzhsky federal district with 20.4±2.3 average index that exceeded the similar one countrywide 4-fold and the incidence specific weight was 88.0 % of the total number of cases. The indexes of HFRS incidence in the rest 6 dis­tricts were lower than the Russia wide one 3-4-fold and more. During the analyzed period the tendency to increase the HFRS incidence level was observed in Privolzhsky, Ural and Far East districts and in the country.

scholarly journals Evaluation of rabies control measure effectiveness in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
S. V. Shcherbinin ◽  
T. V. Vadopalas ◽  
F. I. Korennoy ◽  
K. A. Blokhina ◽  
A. K. Karaulov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Rabies Control ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation

Rabies is a zooanthroponotic disease, causing significant economic damage, resulting from losses due to livestock deaths, costs of preventive measures and diagnostic tests. The disease is transmitted through biting or licking of damaged skin or mucosa. The disease is absolutely fatal and practically all warm-blooded animals are susceptible to it. The paper presents the analysis of statistical data on rabies morbidity and mortality among humans and animals; the assessment of epidemic situation in the Russian Federation, including the target population vaccination coverage and effectiveness evaluation of measures, taken in Russia to prevent rabies spread. The major causes of human mortality are considered. The recommendations on decreasing the disease spread risks are given. It was established that about 60 thousand human deaths and 45 thousand animal deaths from rabies have been reported in the Russian Federation within the past 10 years (from 2010 to 2019). Moreover cases of licking/scratching/biting of humans (397,248 cases in 2019, out of them 10,232 by wild animals) are reported every year. The sources of human infection within the mentioned period were dogs (39%), foxes (18%), cats (14%), raccoon dogs (14%), wolves (4%), polar foxes (4%), ferrets (4%), unknown sources (3%). The analysis of data from veterinary reports showed that the most rabies-infected regions are the Central and Volga Federal Districts. Using the mathematical modeling of the epidemic process the results of preventive measures, taken by the Veterinary Service in case of rabies in the region, were evaluated.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Borreliosis in the Russian Federation in 2019 Compared to the Period of 2002–2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
S. A. Rudakova ◽  
N. A. Pen’evskaya ◽  
A. I. Blokh ◽  
D. A. Savel’ev ◽  
O. E. Teslova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
North West ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The North ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological situation on Ixodidae tick-borne borreliosis in the Russian Federation in 2019 in comparison with the period of 2002–2018.Materials and methods. The paper uses the data contained in Form No. 2 of the state statistical reporting for 2002–2019 and information obtained by the Reference Center for Monitoring Borreliosis of the Omsk Research Institute of Natural Focal Infections from 74 constituent entities of Russia in 2019. The main research method is epidemiological one with the use of modern information technologies.Results and discussion. In Russia, 8048 cases of tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease – LD) were recorded (5.48 0/0000) in 2019. The actual indicators of the LD incidence for the whole country and federal districts (FD) in 2019 were within the confidence limits predicted with linear regression based on the study of the dynamics of the epidemic process in 2002–2018 in the vast majority of cases. A steady upward trend in the LD incidence was observed during 2002–2019 in the Central Federal District due to 10 out of 18 entities (Moscow, Belgorod, Lipetsk, Moscow, Bryansk, Voronezh, Kursk, Ryazan, Tambov, Tula regions); in the Southern Federal District because of the Krasnodar Territory and the Volgograd Region; in the North Caucasus Federal District – because of the Stavropol Territory. Despite the fact that a downward trend in the incidence of LD has been established over the past 18 years in the North-West, Volga and Ural Federal Districts, in some subjects of these regions a trend towards an aggravation of the epidemiological situation is observed (the Komi Republic and Chuvashia, Penza Region). In the absence of a pronounced tendency to change in the incidence rate of LD in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts, Kemerovo Region-Kuzbass, the Republic of Tuva and the Trans-Baikal Territory where a growing trend has been identified require special attention. In the Ural and Siberian Federal Districts, the share of non-erythema forms among laboratory-confirmed cases of LD was higher than in other regions, which merits further study of the genome-specific features of borrelia populations and their carriers. Effective control of the LD epidemiological situation in Russia is possible provided that the control is improved and maintained, and the capacity of preventive measures and zoological-entomological monitoring of the activity and structure of the natural foci of LD is enhanced in the entities with the long-term tendency towards increase in the incidence of the disease. 

Cross-border cooperation between Russia and China: experience and problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
V. Pecheritsa ◽  
◽  
S. Mefodyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

The article is devoted to the analysis of Russian-Chinese relations at the present time.The topicality of the article is primarily due to the fact that the development of border and cross-border territories is becoming an important tool for successful international cooperation between countries. Under the circumstances, it is important to study and understand the functions and mechanisms of cross-border cooperation. The active development of the Russian Federation and China, including trade and economic relations, naturally leads to increased attention of these states to the development of border territories. The purpose and objectives of the article is to analyze the main directions of cross-border cooperation between the Russian Federation and China in the trade and economic sphere on the example of the Far East of Russia and the North-East of China; to show not only successes, but also unresolved issues and problems that prevent these neighboring regions from interacting at a higher level.The object of the study is the cross-border trade and economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and China. The subject is the ways, forms and mechanisms of regional Russian-Chinese interaction, as well as factors that slow down this process.There have been used general scientific empirical and theoretical research methods.The usage of a comparative-functional, systematic approach, modeling and a logical method encouragesto identify the essential and substantive elements of the regional trade and economic policy of the Russian Federation and China

TRENDS IN LIFE EXPECTANCY DYNAMICS IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
Ya.A. Leshchenko ◽  
◽  
A.A. Lisovtsov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation

Life expectancy is the most important integral indicator of the level of socio-economic development of the country, region, as well as quality of life of the population. The purpose of the study is to establish characteristics and trends in changes in the indicator of life expectancy in the federal districts of the Russian Federation during the period from 1990 to 2018. Data on life expectancy in the federal districts and the Russian Federation were obtained from the Federal State Statistic Service, Center for Demographic Research of the Russian Economic School. To assess trends in the dynamics in indicators, the authors used one-way linear regression analysis for a time series using standard Excel tools (Microsoft office 2007) and IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Results. There was a gradual increase in the average life expectancy in all federal districts in the period from 2006 to 2018. But the dynamics were less favorable in the eastern macro-regions - Siberia and the Far East. Such differences indicate that the social policy pursued by the Federal government does not sufficiently take into account the regional natural-geographic, socio-economic and other specifics of the Russian regions of Russia (especially the Asian territories of the country). This does not allow to ensure a balanced development of the society in a rational way. The growth rate of life expectancy had slowed down by 2018 and was possibly due to the "accumulation" of negative consequences of the economic crisis in the economy since 2014. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the global financial and economic crisis caused by it, it becomes unlikely that the linear growth of life expectancy in Russia will continue. In this situation, there is a certain systemic uncertainty regarding further course of the socio-demographic processes.

Indigenous Peoples of the Russian North and Their Right to Traditional Fishing

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Andreyevna Zmyvalova
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Traditional Fishing

The preservation of the traditional livelihood of the indigenous peoples of the Russian North is one of the State’s policy priorities in the Russian Federation. This is declared in such documents as, inter alia, the Development Strategy of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and the National Security for the period up to 2020 and the Paper on the Sustainable Development of the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia for the period up to 2025. Fishing is one of the basic traditional practices for the indigenous peoples of the Russian North. Despite the legal recognition of the right to traditional fishing of indigenous peoples, the practical realization of this right is complicated. While analysing the current situation, the author attempts to shed some light on the reasons of the problematic realization of this right.

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIATION OF WAGES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: TERRITORIAL FEATURES

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
I.I. Eliseeva ◽  
◽  
M.P. Dekina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Price Differences ◽  
Wage Differentiation

The article presents an analysis of the differentiation of wages from the position of identifying the influence of the territorial factor. The study of territorial wages remains relevant for the Russian Federation; features of the regions, the development of certain types of activities in combination with regional features continue to affect differences in earnings. The purpose of the article is to identify the territorial features of wage differentiation. Aggregated data of official statistics and microdata of the Selective observation of population incomes and participation in social programs were used as an information base. The analysis of the data of regional statistics of wages, leaders and outsiders, the level of variation in wages within the federal districts. Due to regional price differences, the analysis takes into account differences in changes in prices and the purchasing power of wages. The emphasis is placed on the possibilities of using Mincer type wage models for individual regions and their comparative analysis based on empirical data. Regression models for leader entities and outsider entities, federal districts and the Russian Federation as a whole have been constructed. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions are drawn about the sustainability of territorial wage differentiation in Russia. The main differences are manifested in the maximum values of the average wage by subjects, while the minimum values are almost at the same level. When purchasing power is taken into account with the help of a fixed set of consumer goods and services, differences in the remuneration of subjects of leadership and subjects of outsiders are reduced from four to three times. Simulation of the logarithm of wages for all federal districts and the Russian Federation as a whole confirmed a statistically significant influence on factors such as age, level of education, gender of a worker, type of settlement, and membership in a particular socio-professional group. A noticeable reduction in the return on education in federal districts with a low level of average wages was revealed; in such conditions, the employee’s membership in the group of managers becomes the dominant earnings. Attention is focused on increasing cash incomes of the population and wages in regions with special living conditions as a factor in overcoming the outflow of the population from Siberia and the Far East. Further areas of the study of territorial wage differentiation can be expanded by using panel data for each region in the analysis in order to study the dependencies in space and time.

scholarly journals Epizootiological and Epidemiological Situation on Brucellosis around the World in 2011–2020 and Forecast for the Russian Federation for 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
D. G. Ponomarenko ◽  
O. N. Skudareva ◽  
A. A. Khachaturova ◽  
A. N. Germanova ◽  
D. E. Lukashevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Analysis of the incidence of human brucellosis in the world in 2011–2020 is presented in the paper. An assessment of the epizootiological-epidemiological situation on brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2020 is performed. It is outlined that the epidemiological situation on brucellosis in Russia over the past decade was characterized as unfavorable with downward trend in the incidence rate against the background of persistent epizootiological insecurity among cattle and small ruminants. Between 2011 and 2020, 3507 first identified human cases of brucellosis were registered. The long-term average number of cases is 350 per year, including 28 cases among children under 17 years old. The average long-term intensive morbidity rate per 100 000 people was 0.24, among children under 17 – 0.1. In 2020, 119 human cases of brucellosis were detected in Russia (0.08), which indicates that the trend towards an improvement in the epidemiological situation on brucellosis continues. The largest number of brucellosis cases among people was registered in the North-Caucasian (77.1 % of the total incidence across Russia) and the Southern Federal District (13.5 %). In the period of 2010–2020 (9 months), 4610 areas potentially hazardous as regards bovine brucellosis and 422 – as regards brucellosis in sheep and goats were registered in the Russian Federation. Analysis of the development of brucellosis situation in Russia indicates that in the medium term, with the current trend maintained, there is a real risk of widespread brucellosis distribution among farm animals in the constituent entities of the Central, Volga, Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts, as well as the persistence of epizootiological insecurity in the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts. Taking into account the current epizootiological-epidemiological situation and the long-term dynamics of the development in the Russian Federation, one can predict the incidence of brucellosis in people at a level below the longterm average values – 0.13–0.18 per 100000 of the population in 2021.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document