scholarly journals Results of Epizootiological Survey along the Border Areas of Kharkhira-Turgensky Natural Plague Focus between Russia and Mongolia in 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
A. V. Kholin ◽  
M. B. Sharakshanov ◽  
D. V. Verzhutsky ◽  
V. M. Korzun ◽  
L. Orgilbayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Bacteriological Method ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
Bacteriological Investigation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Predatory Birds

Objective of the study was to assess the current epizootic settings along the border part of KharkhiraTurgensky natural plague focus betweenRussia andMongolia.Materials and methods. Epizootiological survey covered 2715.5 km2. 213 samples of field material were tested (90 specimens of mammals, 102 specimens of ectoparasites, 17 samples of leftover food of predatory birds and dry skeletal remnants of marmots, 4 regurgitates of birds of prey). Laboratory works were carried out in “Microbiological laboratory for express diagnostics” mounted on the platform of the minibus “GAZelle”. Tests of field material were performed using immune-chromatographic (IC) assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR and IC positive samples were further investigated applying bacteriological method. Epizootiological surveyed deployed GIS instruments. All the results obtained were plotted on the electronic maps using QGIS 2.18.26 software.Results and discussion. Capsular antigen (F1) of Yersinia pestis was detected in three (1.4 %) studied samples (n=213), DNA of plague microbe – in eight samples (3.7 %). Bacteriological investigation of positive samples revealed one sample (leftover food of predatory birds – Mongolian marmot) from which plague agent culture was isolated. The culture belonged to Y. pestis of the main subspecies. Geographical positioning of the epizootiological survey sites was conducted, as well as positive findings of immunological and molecular-genetic assays. Results of epizootiological survey are indicative of active phase of plague agent circulation (main subspecies) in Kharkhira-Turgensky natural focus in Mongolia.

A Study of the Efficiency of Modern Domestic Disinfectants in the System of TB Control Activities

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Paliy ◽  
A. Zavgorodniy ◽  
B. Stegniy ◽  
A. Gerilovych
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Control ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Test Objects

Due to the absence of elaborated effi cient means for specifi c prevention of bovine tuberculosis, it is ex- tremely important to detect and eliminate the source of infection and to take veterinary and sanitary preven- tive measures. Here the critical role is attributed to disinfection, which breaks the epizootic chain due to the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment and involves the application of disinfectants of different chemical groups. Aim. To study the tuberculocidal properties of new disinfectants DZPT-2 and FAG against atypical mycobacteria Mycobacterium fortitum and a TB agent Mycobacterium bovis. Methods. The bacteriological and molecular-genetic methods were used. Results. It was determined that DZPT-2 prepara- tion has bactericidal effect on M. fortuitum when used in the concentration of 2.0 % of the active ingredient (AI) when exposed for 5–24 h, while disinfectant FAG has a bactericidal effect in the concentration of 2.0 % when exposed for 24 h. Disinfectant DZPT-2 in the concentration of 2.0 % of the AI, when exposed for 5–24 h, and FAG preparation in the concentration of 2.0 %, when exposed for 24 h, and with the norm of consump- tion rate of 1 cubic decimeter per 1 square meter disinfect the test-objects (batiste, wood, glazed tile, metal, glass), contaminated with the TB agent M. bovis. Conclusions. Disinfecting preparations of DZPT-2 in the concentration of 2.0 % of AI when exposed for 5 h and FAG in the concentration of 2.0 % when exposed for 24 h may be used in the complex of veterinary and sanitary measures to prevent and control TB of farm ani- mals. The possibility of using the polymerase chain reaction as an additional method of estimating tuberculo- cide activity of disinfectants was proven.

scholarly journals Contamination of bovine, sheep and goat meat with Brucella spp.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Casalinuovo ◽  
Lucia Ciambrone ◽  
Antonio Cacia ◽  
Paola Rippa
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
Bacteriological Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Type 3

A study was conducted in order to evaluate the contamination by <em>Brucella</em> spp. of meat from animals slaughtered because they resulted positive for brucellosis at some time during their life, given that European legislation allows these meats to be freely marketed. After slaughter and before delivery to market outlets, swab samples were taken from 307 carcasses of infected animals: 40 cattle, 60 sheep and 207 goats. The swabs were subsequently analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. In addition, bacteriological tests were carried out on the lymph nodes and internal organs of the same animals. <em>Brucella</em> spp. was detected by means of PCR in 25/307 carcasses (8%): 1 bovine (2.5%), 9 sheep (15%) and 15 goats (7.2%) and was isolated, by means of a cultural method, in 136/307 carcasses (44%). Moreover, additional analysis, performed on lymph nodes from the same carcasses that had proved positive by PCR allowed to highlight type 3 <em>Brucella abortus</em> in the bovine carcass and type 3 <em>Brucella melitensis</em> in the sheep and goat carcasses. The study shows that the cattle, sheep and goats meat of animals slaughtered because they have tested positive for brucellosis, may be contaminated by <em>Brucella</em> spp. As this could constitute a real risk of transmission to both butchery personnel and consumers, so the meat of animals infected by <em>Brucella</em> spp. should be analyzed before being marketed and, PCR technique performed on swabs proved more useful, practical and faster than the traditional bacteriological method.

Sex determination in ostrich (Struthio camelus) using DNA markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alipanah ◽  
A. Torkamanzehi ◽  
H. Taghavi
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Struthio Camelus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Production of bird species such as ostrich (Struthio camelus) has been gaining increasing importance in Iran as well as many other countries. Ostrich, similar to many other species of birds, lacks sexual dimorphism, making it difficult to differentiate between males and females, especially at an early age, which can be problematic in breeding programs. Recently developed molecular genetic methods that utilize polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques can facilitate rapid identification of the bird’s sex in these species using a DNA sample, which can be easily extracted from blood or feather pulps. We successfully applied a PCR-based RFLP technique and sex chromosome primers for sex determination in a sample of 30 Ostrich chicks using DNA extracted from blood and feather pulps. Both DNA samples (blood and feather pulps) provided useful results. However, using feather pulps from 1-day-old chicks can provide an easy and inexpensive method for sex determination in ostrich. Key words: Ostrich (struthio camelus), sex determination, sexual dimorphism, polymerase chain reaction, RFLP

Central neurocytoma: morphological, flow cytometric, polymerase chain reaction, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and karyotypic analyses

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venita Jay ◽  
Vern Edwards ◽  
Eelco Hoving ◽  
James Rutka ◽  
Laurence Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Central Neurocytoma ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

✓ The results of cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis of a central neurocytoma are presented. Central neurocytomas are intriguing neoplasms that exhibit primarily neuronal, but also glial characteristics, which indicate an origin from a pluripotential neuroglial precursor. The authors describe an intraventricular neurocytoma in an 11-year-old boy that showed anaplastic features with widespread necrosis and mitoses, as well as extensive calcification and foci that exhibited marked neuronal differentiation with clusters of ganglion cells. Immunohistochemical examination showed prominent synaptophysin and neurofilament positivity and focal glial fibrillary acidic protein positivity. Electron microscopy revealed abundant neuritic processes with microtubules and dense core granules as well as mature ganglion cells. Flow cytometry studies revealed increased S (7.8%) and G2M (9.7%) phase components. Molecular and cytogenetic studies were undertaken to assess whether there were similarities to two other tumor types that exhibit neuronal differentiation, the neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. Polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed no evidence of amplification of the MYCN oncogene or chromosome 1p deletion, which are common in neuroblastomas. Chromosomal analysis by G banding revealed a complex karyotype, with counts in the near-diploidy range (45–48). Two chromosomes 1 appeared normal on G banding and FISH analysis, with p58 signals present on the distal p arm of both chromosomes 1; however, three additional copies of distal 1q were present in rearrangements with 4 and 7. Although the histological findings indicate a kinship to the neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma, the central neurocytoma appears to have a different karyotypic profile, although more cases need to be assessed using molecular genetic analysis.

scholarly journals SPECTRUM OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AND PREVALENCE OF OXA-CARBAPENEMASES AMONG ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII STRAINS, ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS OF SURGICAL AND REANIMATION DEPARTMENTS IN MOSCOW

2016 ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Kryzhanovskaya ◽  
A. V. Lazareva ◽  
I. V. Chebotar ◽  
Yu. A. Bocharova ◽  
N. A. Mayansky
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Molecular Genetic Testing ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Clinically Significant

Aim. Characterize spectrum of antibiotics resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii strains, isolated from patients of 8 surgical and reanimation departments of 3 medical institution of Moscow, and determine molecular-genetic mechanisms of stability of their carbapenem-resistant forms. Materials and methods. 95 strains of A. baumannii, isolated from patients of reanimation and surgical departments of Moscow in 2012 - 2014, were studied. Sensitivity of strains to antibiotics was tested phenotypically according to recommendations of EUCAST. The presence ofVIM, IMP, OXA-23, OXA-40, OXA-48, OXA-58 and NDM genes in the studied strains was determined by polymerase chain reaction in real time. Results. 86.3% of strains turned out to be non-sensitive to carbapenems, sensitive - 13.7%. 80.0% of strains were non-sensitive to gentamicin, 80.0% of strains - to netilmicin, 94.7% of strains - to ciprofloxacin, 2.1% - to colistin. 91.6% of isolates have shown non-sensitivity to members of 2 and more classes of antibiotics, 78.9% of strains - to members of 3 classes. 2 strains were panresistant, 4.2% (4/95) of the isolates were sensitive to all the classes of antibiotics. Metallo-P-lactamases were not detected. Genes of carbapenemases (OXA-23 and/or OXA-40) were detected in 85.3% (81/95) of strains, characterized phenotypically as non-sensitive to carbapenems. Conclusion. The results obtained shown an increase of resistance to carbapenems and multiple resistance in clinically significant strains of A. baumannii. Resistance to carbapenems is associated with OXA-23 and OXA-40 genes. The conclusions allow to justify perspectives of introduction of technologies of molecular-genetic testing of antibiotics resistance.

scholarly journals Chickpea genotypes characteristics on resistance to fusarium Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
V. A. Chekalov ◽  
N. E. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Southern Ukraine

Aim. Molecular-genetic analysis of the chickpea genotypes for foc0, foc3, foc4 resistance genes to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris. Methods. Extraction and purification of DNA, spectrophotometry, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. Results. 35 chickpea lines and varieties of Ukrainian and foreign breeding characterized according to genotyping on foc0, foc3, foc4 genes of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris by the microsatellite markers TA59, TR19 and TR59. Fragments of the expected size for all markers were obtained for samples, for which the resistance level was fixed to certain races. Match between data on the presence of a amplification fragment of a certain size and resistance level among other samples is not found. Conclusions. For 35 chickpea varieties and lines the allele state of foc0, foc3, foc4 genes of resistance to the F. oxysporum f. sp ciceris races 0, 3, 4 is established. The variety ‘Pam’yat’ is recommended as a control of resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp ciceris races 0, 3, 4 in the southern Ukraine conditions. Keywords: chickpea, genes, molecular markers, fusarios, resistance.

scholarly journals Development of eight-plex microsatellite PCR for parentage control in deer

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
A. Zsolnai ◽  
I. Lehoczky ◽  
A. Gyurmán ◽  
J. Nagy ◽  
L. Sugár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Sample Handling ◽  
Routine Application ◽  
Multiple Sample ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Parentage Control

Abstract. Nine loci have been compiled into two multiplex microsatellite polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sets (four and five loci) and used as a tool to determine the most probable hind for each calf. The two sets were suitable to combine them in an eight-plex reaction. The exclusion probabilities of the eight-plex reaction and the nine loci were 99.3 and 99.6 % respectively, which allows the routine application of eight loci in wildlife management – as a first attempt to use molecular genetic information for such a task and it eliminates multiple sample handling in consecutive PCRs. Two loci out of the nine were never been used in deer previously.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori genotypes in patients with gastroduodenal pathology in Kazan

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Akhtereeva ◽  
Yu N Davidyuk ◽  
R A Faizullina ◽  
K A Ivanovskaya ◽  
A G Safin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Antral Mucosa ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Vaca Gene ◽  
H Pylori

Aim. Investigation of the prevalence of various H. pylori genotypes among children and adult population of Kazan with chronic gastroduodenal pathology. Methods. The study included 107 patients (49 children and 58 adults) with chronic gastritis/gastroduodenitis and gastric and duodenal ulcer who had H. pylori infection confirmed by molecular genetic method. All patients underwent biospy from antral mucosa during endoscopy for H. pylori verification by polymerase chain reaction and genotyping for сagA and babA genes and iceA and vacA allels. Results. CagA gene was found in 19 (32.8%) out of 58 adults and 13 (26.5%) out of 49 children. VacA gene was detected in all patients (100%). VacAs2 genotype in children was nearly 1.6 times as frequent as the vacAs1 genotype (61.2 and 36.7% respectively). In adult patients vacAs2 genotype was detected 2.5 times less frequently than vacAs1 (27.6 and 70.7%, respectively). VacAm2 genotype was revealed in 71.4% (35/49) of children and 77.6% (45/58) of adults. IceA2 genotype was identified in 46.9% (23/49) of children and 44.8% (26/58) of adult patients, iceA1 gene - in 20.4% of children and 55.2% of adult patients. Conclusion. The strains with vacAs2m2 genotype are prevailing in children (42.9%) and determine low toxigenicity of H. pylori strains; vacAs1m2 genotype is predominant among adult patients (53.4%); high prevalence of cagA-negative strains of H. pylori was found both in children and adults (73.5 and 67.2%, respectively).

scholarly journals Comparison of molecular genetic methods of detection of mutations in the CALR gene in myeloproliferative disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
L. A. Kesaeva ◽  
A. Yu. Bulanov ◽  
Yu. P. Finashutina ◽  
V. V. Tikhonova ◽  
O. N. Solopova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Melting Curve ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Melting Curve Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Genetic Detection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Calr Mutations

Molecular genetic detection of CALR gene somatic mutations is required for myeloproliferative neoplasms diagnosis and treatment according to the novel WHO clinical recommendations. CALR mutations are found in approximately 25–35 % cases of essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis and they are associated with benign clinical outcome. In this study we have compared sensitivity and selectivity of seve ral different options of CALR mutation molecular genetic detection in blood samples of 379 CMD patients and 17 healthy donors. Among methods compared in our study there have been conventional polymerase chain reaction with electrophoretic detection, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, direct Sanger sequencing of polymerase chain reaction fragments and polymerase chain reaction high resolution melting curve analysis. By means of melting curve analysis CALR mutations have been found in 97 (25.5 %) patients, whereas in the cases of Sanger sequencing and polymerase chain reaction there have been 87 (23.0 %) and 84 (22.1 %) CALR mutation positive patients respectively.

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