scholarly journals Replacement value of rumen liquor fermented cassava peels for maize in growing rabbit diet

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (249) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Oloruntola ◽  
J. Agbede ◽  
G. Onibi ◽  
F. Igbasan
Keyword(s):  
Relative Weight ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Cassava Peels

The nutritive potential of rumen liquor fermented cassava peels (RLFCP) was assessed in rabbit nutrition in an 8 weeks trial. The freshly collected droppings from layers were sundried, ground and mixed at 100 g/kg with ground cassava peels, sprayed with rumen filtrate and fermented for 144 hours. Thereafter, one basal diet was formulated to meet the nutrient requirement of a growing rabbit. The maize content (43 g/100 g) of the basal diet was replaced at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % with RLFCP and named as diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. One hundred and fifty mixed sexes healthy 5-weeks old crossbred weaner rabbits were randomly distributed among the five dietary treatments at a rate of 30 rabbits per treatment. The response criteria were growth indices, cost benefit, carcass and organ weight, blood and serum indices. While the average daily feed intake increased (49.27-58.00 g/rabbit/day) with an increased RLFCP inclusion, the average daily weight gain only increased (12.38-17.75 g/rabbit per day) when the increased RLFCP inclusion reached up to a 50 %. The feed conversion ratio of rabbits fed on the control and those fed on 25 % and 50 % RLFCP was similar (3.03-3.20) (p>0.05). Only the slaughtered weight (1116.50-1416.16 g), dressed weight (477.65-695.85 g), dressing % (42.77-50.14), relative weight (% slaughter weight) of the liver (2.18-2.57) and heart (0.20-0.23) were significantly (p

scholarly journals Performance characteristics and cost benefit of feeding weaner rabbits cashew nut residue based diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
F.A.O. Akinnusi ◽  
A.M. Bamgbose ◽  
A.B. Ogunola ◽  
A.A. Alade
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A 42-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the performance characteristics and cost benefit of feeding weaner rabbits cashew nut residue (CNR) based diets. Three dietary treatments containing: 0.10 and 20% CNR at the expense of maize on a weight for weight basis were used. Eighteen weaner rabbits (mixed breeds and sexes) were randomly divided into three groups of six rabbits each in a completely randomized design (CRD). The average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not significantly influenced (P>0.05) by the dietary treatments. But rabbits fed 10% CNR based diet had the highest values for average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake while rabbits fed the control diet (0% CNR) had the least value for feed conversion ratio. No mortality was recorded for all the dietary treatments. The feed cost/kg diet (₦), feed cost/kg live weight gain (₦/kg) and cost of feed consumed/day (₦) decreased steadily with increasing level of cashew nut residue meal. The saving on feed cost (%) was not significantly affected (P>0.05) by the dietary treatments, but increased across the groups. However, the saving on feed to produce 1kg live weight was significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the CNR based diets. Rabbits fed 10% CNR based diet had the highest value of 9.66% than their counterparts fed other diets. It is concluded that cashew nut residue could be incorporated into rabbit diet at 10% without compromising the performance

scholarly journals Growth performance, nutrient intake and digestibility of goats fed melon husk and palm oil slurry at 30% inclusion level

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
K. A. Sanwo ◽  
S. O. Iposu ◽  
A. O. Oso ◽  
A. O. Fanimo ◽  
S. S. Abiola
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A 126-day study was conducted to determine growth, nutrient intake and digestibility of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats fed melon husk (MH) and palm oil slurry (POS) as replacement for maize offal at 30% in concentrate diets. Sixteen goats weighing 6.5 – 7.Okg were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments at 4 replicates of each. Dietary treatments included control (Diet 1): 0% MH 0% POS; Diet 2: 30% MH 0% POS; Diet 3: 0% MH 30% POS; and Diet 4: 30% MH 30% POS; supplemented with Panicum maximum (grass). Data collected were statistically analysed and results showed that animals on control Diet (Diet I) had the highest (P<0.05) average daily weight gain of 31.57g/day, and a corresponding highest (P<0.05) feed intake of 365. 97g/day and best feed conversion ratio of 11.59. Animals fed Diet 3 had lowest (P<0.05) average daily weight gain of 19.42g/day, with corresponding lowest (P<0.05) dy matter intake of 334.94g/day and poor feed conversion ratio of 17.24, respectively. Variations in dry matter, organic matter and crude fibre (CF) intake were significant (P<0.05). Crude protein (CP) intake decreased progressively from diet 1 to 4, but not significantly (P >0.05). CF intake was highest in diet 4 (124.6g) and lowest in diet 1(64.72g). Ether extract (52.80g), Ash (21.48g), Neutral detergent fibre (222.88g), and lignin (60.64g) were highest in diet 4. Dry matter digestibility was highest in animals on diet 2 (86.31%) and lowest in those on diet 4 (72.28%). It was evident that goats could be fed MH and POS at the inclusion levels adopted in this study except at 30% POS inclusion level at which growth was poorest.  

scholarly journals Growth performance and fattening ability in castrated male and female East Balkan pigs reared organically in Strandzha mountain

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Palova ◽  
Jivko Nakev ◽  
Teodora Popova ◽  
Maya Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract(An experiment with two groups of East Balkan pigs – castrated males (n=10) and females (n=10), was carried out to study the growth performance and fattening abilities of the animals from the weaning until slaughter. The pigs were included in the trial at 60 day age. The average live weight of the castrated males was 8. 65±1.08 kg and for the females, 8.5±0.62 kg.The pigs were reared using traditional technology, grazing on natural pastures in the Strandzha mountain, Bulgaria. In autumn, acorns were naturally present in their diet. According to the category, the animals additionally received ground organic feed (50% barley and 50% wheat). The trial lasted 304 days (from February to November, 2019). During this period the final live weight of the male castrated pigs reached 88.00 kg while that of the females was 84.4 kg. The difference, however, was not significant. Furthermore, no significant differences in the growth performance characteristics that could be attributed to the sex of the animals were observed. The average daily gain of both sexes tended to be lower in summer and higher in autumn. The feed conversion ratio was higher in summer. The animals showed high average daily weight gain at pasture when their live weight was over 50 kg.

scholarly journals Performance of growing pigs fed diets containing cassava peels meal supplemented with three levels of roxazyme G2G enzyme

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O. Effiong ◽  
B.J. Harry
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Cassava Peels ◽  
Cassava Peel

This research was designed to evaluate the performance of growing pigs fed diets containing cassava peel meal supplemented with three (3) levels of roxazymeG2 enzyme. Fresh cassava peels were gathered, thinly spread on a concrete floor to dry out and milled prior to proximate analysis and feed formulation. Five experimental diets were formulated. Diet one had maize as main energy source, while Diets 2 to 5 had 50% of maize replaced with cassava peel meal. Diets 3, 4 and 5 were further supplemented with roxazyme G2 non starch polysaccharide enzyme at 1g/kg, 1.5g/kg and 2g/kg, respectively. A total of thirty (30) cross bred growing pigs were selected and distributed into five (5) groups on weight equalization basis with six (6) animals per group. Each group was assigned to one of the five (5) experimental diets in a completely randomized design. The growth and economy of production were monitored throughout the 56-day duration of the trial. At the end of the feeding trial, 10 mLs of blood was collected from three animals on each treatment into sample bottles with EDTA for hematological analysis. Data were subjected to analysis of variance procedures. The results revealed that the three (3) levels of dietary enzyme supplementations did not significantly (P˃0.05) influenced the average daily feed intake but influenced the average daily weight gain and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly. Pigs on diets with 1.5 and 2g/kg enzyme supplementation had the highest average daily weight gain of 0.43kg while those on 2g/kg enzyme supplementation diet had the best FCR with value corresponding to 1.74. Dietary enzyme supplementation reduced (P

scholarly journals STEVIA (Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni) Extract: A Natural Alternative in Broilers Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. p38
Author(s):  
M. F. Peralta ◽  
A. Nilson ◽  
V. N. Grosso ◽  
A. Senz ◽  
A. Soltermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Histomorphometric Study ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

The aim was to evaluate Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) extract (SE) effects on performance productive and gut health variables in broilers from 1 to 15 days old. SE from Stevia leaves was added to broilers diet (0.5% to 1%). Seventy-five Ross male broilers (1 to 15 days old) were distributed into T1: commercial type, without SE, T2: T1 plus 0.5% SE, T3: T1 plus 1% SE. Performance productive were measured as Average Daily Weight Gain (g/broiler/day), Average Daily Consumption Feed (g/broiler/day) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). At 15 days of age, all the broilers were dissected, gut removed and processed for histomorphometric study. In gut was measured VH/CD Ratio. Results: FCR was better (P ? 0.05) in T3 and T2 than T1. In gut, VH/CD ratios showed T2 < T3 < T1 (P ? 0.05). Goblet cells number and mucus layer height were increased in broilers receive SE, especially in T2 and plasmatic cells number increased in T3. Conclusion: SE (0.5% to 1%) enhanced gut histomorphometric variables, improved gut health, mainly when SE is added at 0.5% in the broiler diet from 1 to 15 days old. It was reflexed in a better FCR in both groups received this phytobiotic.

scholarly journals Heat treated feeds in turkey feeding

2007 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
István Erdélyi ◽  
Péter Bársony ◽  
Tamás Pálfy ◽  
Istvánné Hermán ◽  
Tamás Pálfy
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Pelleted Feed ◽  
The Given

The main aim of our study was to determine the effect of expanded and pelleted feeds, as well as the only pelleted feed based on wheat and corn, on the production of turkeys. In May 2006,, a fattening experiment on turkeys was started on the starter farm of Habar Ltd in Szarvas, owned by the Gallicoop Corporation. 17 day old male turkeys were involved in the fattening experiment. The experiment lasted 117 days. At that time, theanimals were 134 days old. After the experiment was completed, they were slaughtered. The following parameters were examined: growth, feed conversion ratio, carcass traits. Turkey feed were produced separately at different times. Similarly to the standard method of turkey fattening, 8 phases feeding was carried out. The fattening experiment was adjusted on male turkeys in 4×12×6 grouping (4 treatments: expanded and pelleted, and only pelleted corn and wheat feed; 12 repeats: number of pens/treatments; 6 birds/pen) 6-6 turkeys from 12 pens per each treatments were measured individually from the 17th day (starter) and at the time of each following feeding changes and mortality. The average of the group was calculated. The average daily weight gain, proportion of the given feed per pen, feeding changes and mortality were determined. The average daily feed intake and the feed conversion ratio were calculated.

scholarly journals Effect of palm kernel cake and deoiled palm kernel cake on the performance of cockerels

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
S. A. Adesida ◽  
J. A. Agunbiade ◽  
O. O. Eniolorunda
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Forty (40), thirteen weeks old cockerels were allocated to five dietary treatments after balancing for weight. The eight birds on each dietary treatment were replicated four times, such that two birds served as a replicate. In diet 1 (control) contain 0% Palm Kernel Cake (KPC) and Deoiled Palm Kernel Cake (DOC). Diet 2 and 3 continued 40% KPC, Diet 2 was presented in mash form while Diet 3 was presented in pellet. Diets 4 and 5 contained 40% DOC, Diet 4 was presented as mash while diet % was presented as pellet. Dietary treatments had no effect (P>0.05) on daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Significant dietary effects (P>0.05) were however noted for daily feed intake (FI) and weight of spleen. In ecocomic terms Diet one was the most expensive (#30.03/kg) while Diet 4 was the cheapest (#15.85/kg). Birds on Dietary Treatment 1 elicited the highest cost/kg weight 314.13/kk weight gain while it cost #160.50 to gain 1kg of weight by birds on Diet 4. The results obtained in this study indicated that both PKC and DOC can be used to some appreciable extent in the feed of cockerels. The use of PKC and DOC considerably feed costs of cockerels. 

scholarly journals Growth performances of broilers hybro G+ provenience

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1643-1648
Author(s):  
S. Lilic ◽  
D. Sefer ◽  
S. Dimitrijevic ◽  
T. Ilic ◽  
S. Ivanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Fattening Period

In this paper are presented the growth performances (live weight, average daily weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio) of broilers Hybro G+ provenience. Feeding, zoohygienic and zootechnical measures met technological normative for this provenience. Broilers were fed with the complete feed mixtures (producer ?Dren?, Novi Sad) with added anticoccidial salinomycine in the amount of 66 mg/kg up to 35. day of fattening. In last week of the fattening period, salinomycine was not added (drug waiting period is 5 days). Live weight of broilers at the end of trial was 1959.74 g to 2750.48 g (average 2340.62 g). During the fattening period, average daily weight gain was 54.70 ? 5.03 g; it was in the range 45.71-64.39 g. Average daily feed consumption was 87.97 g for all fattening period and feed conversion ratio was 87.97 g.

scholarly journals Performance and haematology of broiler starter fed acha (Digitaria exilis staph) grains as replacement for maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
D. P. Wumnokol ◽  
L. Y. Guluwa ◽  
M. Y. Latu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Hematological Evaluation ◽  
Digitaria Exilis

An experiment was conducted to investigate the replacement value of Acha (Digitaria exilis Staph) for maize in broilers diets. Five diets were formulated in which unprocessed Acha replaced maize at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% levels for the starter phase. Two hundred and twenty-five unsexed Marshall Broiler chicks were weighed and randomly allotted to the five dietary treatments with three replicates per diet in a complete randomized design (CRD). The highest (P<0.05) daily feed intake (71.,90g) and (P<0.05) daily weight gain (24.60g) were obtained in the birds fed diet 5 while the best feed conversion ratio was found in diet 2 as 2.55. Hematological evaluation was done at the end of the experiment and, the dietary treatments had no significant (P>0.5) effect on RBC (x102L, WBC (x109K Hbc (g/dl) MCH (pg) and MCHC (g/dl) and had significant (P<0.05) effect on PCV%, Lymphocytes (P<0.001) and Neutrophiles (%). Unprocessed Acha (Digitaria exilis Staph) could completely (100%) replace maize as energy source in the diets of broiler chicks at starter phase.

Evaluation of multi-nutrient block supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance of Yankasa rams fed based diet of cowpea shell and maize offal

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
J. Yerima ◽  
M. Abubakar ◽  
D. J. U. Kalla ◽  
A. Mijinyawa ◽  
A. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Cost

The effects of supplementing different urea molasses blocks to Yankasa Rams fed maize offal-based diet on nutrient intake, growth performance and economics of production were evaluated. Yankasa rams fed cowpea shell and maize offal-based diets mixed in a ratio of 1:3 supplemented with urea molasses block (UMB). The supplementary blocks were formulated to contain 0, 5, 10 and 15% urea. Twenty Yankasa rams were used for the experiment with initial body weights range of 16-20kg and randomly allocated to four treatment groups of five animals each in completely randomized designed. Data on feed and water intake, body weight change were measured. Rams were fed both the basal diet and supplements ad libitum. The result revealed no significant (P>0.05) difference in basal feed (579.38-595.18g/day), UMB (60.78-96.50g/day) and dry matter intakes (584.36-609.33 g/day) among the treatments. Rams on treatment 3 recorded the highest average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (101.43 g/day, 5.93) than those on treatment 2 (48.57 g/day, 12.37) with the least. The cost of UMB/kg was least in treatment 3 (N 46.66) compared to those on treatment 1(N 83.66), 2(N 113.05) and 4(N 50.39). Supplementation of urea molasses block improved growth performance and FCR. Urea up to 15% may be included in urea molasses blocks without any detrimental effects on performance. However, including urea at 10% in UMB gave the highest ADG and FCR and therefore may be recommended for growing Yankasa rams

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