ASSESSING GLOBAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY UNDER COLDEST AND WARMEST PERIODS AT DIFFERENT LATITUDINAL REGIONS

Effect of climate change on water balance will play a key role in the biosphere system. To study the global climate change impact on water balance during 95-year period (1901-1995), long-term grid climatic data including global mean monthly temperature and precipitation at 0.5 x 0.5 degree resolution were analysed. The trend and variation of climate change, the time series of monthly air temperature and precipitation data were aggregated into annual arithmetic means for two extreme periods (1901-1920 and 1990-1995). The potential evapotranspiration (Eo) was calculated using Thornthwaite method.<br />The changes in mean annual value were obtained by subtracting the maximum period data from 1990 to 1995 (Max) with the minimum period data from 1901 to 1920 (Min). The results revealed that over 95-year period, mean global air temperature increased by 0.57oC. The temperature increase varied greatly in Asia, with more than 3.0oC, especially at 45-70oN, as well over the northern part of America (60-65oN) and Europe (55- 75oN). In low latitude across Asia, Africa, and South America, the variation was less than 1.5oC. In 80-85ºN region, the variation was relatively small and at higher latitudes it increased<br />significantly. Precipitation varied temporally and spatially. In the 40-45ºN and 40-45ºS regions, increasing precipitation of more than 100 mm occurred during the June-August and<br />September-November, especially in the northern hemisphere. The Eo increase of 2000 mm during 95 years occurred in the tropical northern America, middle Africa, and South-East Asia. A grid in Central Java of Indonesia showed that the Eo increase of 2500 mm during 95 years resulted in the decrease of growing period by 100 days. In coping with climate change, adjustment of cropping calendar is imperative.

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EFFECT OF THE REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON RUNOFF FROM THE LAKE ONEGO WATERSHED

Environment Technology Resources Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference ◽

10.17770/etr2009vol2.1029 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

L. E. Nazarova

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Water Balance ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Global Climate ◽

Regional Climate ◽

Hydrological Regime ◽

Regional Climate Change ◽

Mean Annual Precipitation ◽

General Tendency ◽

Temperature And Precipitation

As a result of the statistical analysis of the meteorological and water balance data for Onego Lake watershed over the period 1950-2000, noticeable changes were detected. It was found that time series of annual air temperature, precipitation and evapotranspiration over 50-year period contains positive linear trends, but no change in total streamflow to the lake has so far followed. Potential changes in the regional climate and hydrological regime for the period 2000-2050 were estimated using the results of numerical modeling with the ECHAM4/OPYC3 model for two scenarios of the global climate change. The estimation of these data shows that a general tendency to increase of annual air temperature and precipitation will remain in the new climate Mean annual precipitation will increase about 30-50 mm, mean average annual air temperature for the next 50-years period will rise from 1.6 up to 2.7-3.0 °C. Our estimation shows that for both scenarios all water balance parameters, excluding river runoff, will increase.

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The Impact of Global Climate Change to Climate Condition of Bengkulu Watershed, Indonesia

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202132508010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 325 ◽

pp. 08010

Author(s):

Gita Ivana Suci Lestari Faski ◽

Ignasius Loyola Setyawan Purnama

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Potential Evapotranspiration ◽

Global Climate ◽

Actual Evapotranspiration ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Thiessen Polygon ◽

Temperature Potential ◽

The Impact

Global climate change that occurred in this century can affect the pattern of rain and increase in temperature on earth. This study aims to determine and analyze the increase in rainfall, air temperature, potential evapotranspiration and actual evapotranspiration in the Bengkulu watershed. For this reason, the regional rainfall is calculated using the Thiessen Polygon, the mean air temperature of the watershed based on the median elevation, potential evapotranspiration using the Thornthwaite Method and actual evapotranspiration using the basis of the difference in rainfall to potential evapotranspiration. The results showed that every year there was an increase in rainfall, air temperature, potential evapotranspiration and actual evapotranspiration in the Bengkulu Watershed. In the 2009-2013 period, the average annual rainfall of 3,581 mm increased to 3,641 mm in the 2014-2018 period. For air temperature, the average monthly air temperature in the Bengkulu Watershed for the 2009-2013 period was 25.8°C, while the air temperature in the 2014-2018 period was 26.1°C. This means that in a period of 5 years there is an increase in temperature of 0.3°C. Furthermore, due to the increase in air temperature, there was an increase in the average monthly potential evapotranspiration from the 2009-2013 period to the 2014-2018 period, namely from 1,493 mm to 1,537 mm, while for actual evapotranspiration there was an increase from 1,486 mm to 1,518 mm.

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On the issue of fluctuations in the extreme maximum runoff under the conditions of the expected climate change in the Marmarik river basin

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202014903010 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 149 ◽

pp. 03010

Author(s):

Varduhi Margaryan ◽

Elena Fedotova

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

River Basin ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Global Climate ◽

Atmospheric Precipitation ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Absolute Maximum ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Runoff Rate ◽

Maximum Runoff

The paper analyzes the peculiarities of formation of the absolute maximum runoff of the Marmarik river evaluates the patterns of multi-year fluctuations of maximum runoff rates in different river sites and gives a forecast of the maximum runoff in the context of global climate change. Absolute values of the maximum river runoff for different scenarios of climate change are estimated. The actual observational data of Armhydromet for maximum runoff rate, the air temperature and precipitation were used as the source material. As a result of the study, it turned out that there is only a tendency to decrease in the values of maximum runoff. It turned out that for all scenarios and cases in the Marmarik river basin, a different degree of changes in the maximum flow is observed. Moreover, the largest decrease in the maximum runoff of the Marmarik river basin is expected under the conditions of an increase in the average air temperature of the spring season by 2,7—3,9 degrees Celsius and a decrease in the amount of spring atmospheric precipitation by 2,4—2,6 %.

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Changes in water discharges of the Baltic states rivers in the 20th century and its relation to climate change

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.2007.020 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 38 (4-5) ◽

pp. 401-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. Reihan ◽

T. Koltsova ◽

J. Kriauciuniene ◽

L. Lizuma ◽

D. Meilutyte-Barauskiene

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Temperature ◽

River Discharge ◽

Water Resource Management ◽

Global Climate ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Low Flow ◽

Baltic States ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

The Baltic

The river discharge changes in three Baltic States and its relation to changes in the main climatic variables such as precipitation and air temperature were analyzed using observed data and methods of empirical statistical analysis. The study is important for the development of efficient water resource management systems and validation of climate change impact models. The application of the Mann-Kendall test reveals that a significant increasing trend in winter air temperature and precipitation was determined for all 3 investigated periods (1923–2003, 1941–2003 and 1961–2003). The same trend was found for the winter and annual discharge time series. No trend was observed for the spring, summer and autumn seasonal streamflow and summer low flow series for most of the Baltic region. In general the relation between the main meteorological and hydrological parameters and the tendency in river discharge trends is common for all of the Baltic States, and might be associated with the regional impacts of global climate change.

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Climatic water balance in Hamelmalo, Eritrea

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/1/8307 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 69-76

Author(s):

Mehari Gebreyesus ◽

Arzu Rivera Garcia ◽

Géza Tuba ◽

Györgyi Kovács ◽

Lúcia Sinka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Water Balance ◽

Potential Evapotranspiration ◽

Climatic Data ◽

Total Production ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Wide Range ◽

Long Time ◽

Time Changes ◽

Evaporation Pan

Agricultural production is an important sector for peoples to live, but it is highly affected by climate change. To have a good production we need to understand the climatic parameters which adversely affect production. Hamelmalo, which is located in the semi-arid area of Eritrea, is vulnerable to climate change and this is realised in the total production loss. Nevertheless, there is no concrete reference about the climate of the region due to lack of data for a long time. Changes in precipitation (P), evapotranspiration (ET) and, implicitly, in the climatic water balance (CWB), are imminent effects of climate change. However, changes in the CWB, as a response to changes in P and ET, have not yet been analysed thoroughly enough in many parts of the world, including Eritrea. This study also explores the changes of the CWB in the Hamelmalo region, based on a wide range of climatic data (P, relative air humidity and evaporation pan necessary for computing potential evapotranspiration (PET) with the pan evaporation method) recorded at Hamelmalo from 2015-2019. This analysis shows that the annual cumulative CWB for Hamelmalo is negative in 67% of the years. The dry season without precipitation leads to negative CWB and the change in CWB only starts from the raining or crop season. Based on this recent study, 2015 had the highest PET and lowest P, and this resulted in the lowest CWB in the investigated period. Opposite to this, 2019 had lower PET and highest P, which led to the highest CWB. However, the monthly values of CWB did not correlate with the annual P or ET. On the base of our study, it can be concluded that PET and P were very variable in the investigated years and P was the most influential elements of CWB.

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Effect of global climate change on air temperature and precipitation in six cities in Gifu Prefecture, Japan

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1155/1/012070 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1155 ◽

pp. 012070 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali Rahmat ◽

Muhammad Khoiru Zaki ◽

Irwan Effendi ◽

Abdul Mutolib ◽

Helvi Yanfika ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Global Climate ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Gifu Prefecture

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Future climate change and it`s impact on precipitation and temperature in Ukraine

Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal ◽

10.31481/uhmj.16.2015.10 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 76-82

Author(s):

V. Khokhlov ◽

N. Yermolenko

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climatic Change ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Climate Model ◽

Global Climate ◽

Regional Climate ◽

Annual Precipitation ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Southern Ukraine

Global climate change has provoked an active development in modern methods relating to the prediction of spatiotemporal hydrometeorological fields. Numerical modeling of nearest-future climatic changes allows to generate strategies of development for different areas of economic activity. The paper aims to assess the expected air temperature and precipitation features in Ukraine considering different scenarios of climatic change. The modeling future changes of air temperature and precipitation were carried out using the A1B and A2 scenarios of climatic change. The outcomes of regional climate model ECHAM5 from ENSEMBLES Project were used as initial data. It was revealed that the air temperature will gradually increase in most of Ukrainian regions. Moreover highest air temperature will be recorded in Southern Ukraine during 2031-2050. The analysis of linear trends for 2031-2050 showed that the air temperature for the scenario A1B will exhibit a tendency to the decrease of temperature. However, the annually mean temperature in 2031-2050 for the ‘moderate’ scenario A1B will be higher than for the ‘hard’, in terms of greenhouse gases concentrations, scenario A2. The annual precipitation in Ukraine, both for the A1B and A2 scenario, will slightly increase toward the 2050 with the exception of Southern Ukraine. Also, the highest annual precipitation will be registered in the western part of Ukraine, and lowest – in the southern one. The paper can be expanded to the analysis of future dangerous weather phenomena depending on the changes of air temperature and precipitation.

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The Characteristics Of Extreme Maximum Runoff Of The Rivers Of Armenia In The Context Of Global Climate Change

GEOGRAPHY ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABILITY ◽

10.24057/2071-9388-2020-122 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 196-208

Author(s):

Trahel G. Vardanyan ◽

Natalia L. Frolova ◽

Hrachuhi S. Galstyan

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Global Climate ◽

Atmospheric Precipitation ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Nonparametric Test ◽

River Basins ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

The Republic

The study concerned the analysis of temporal and spatial variability of floods in the Republic of Armenia (RA). While there are number of reports on flood formation of rivers in RA, the literature lacks results on using nonparametric test results to analyze this disastrous phenomenon. For that purpose, the dynamics of changes in extreme maximum instantaneous runoff, as well as air temperature and precipitation database was evaluated and compared between 1960–2012 for 27 hydrometrical observational and 35 meteorological stations in RA. The Mann-Kendall test with consideration of the autocorrelation function was employed as a non-parametric testto identify any present trends. An increasing tendency of air temperature, decreasing tendency of the atmospheric precipitation and extreme maximum instantaneous river runoff were identified in the studied river-basins. As expected, the warming climate contributed to a gradual melting of accumulated snow in the river-basins in winter, resulting in changes in the extreme maximum instantaneous runoff of the rivers in spring, which significantly reduces the risk of the flood occurrence. Thus, it can be claimed that almost all the river basins of Armenia have a tendency to reduce the risk of floods due to global climate change.

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