Metode Penularan Massal untuk Uji Penapisan Ketahanan Cabai Mutan terhadap Begomovirus

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Redy Gaswanto ◽  
Muhammad Syukur ◽  
B S Purwoko ◽  
S H Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Solanum Melongena

<p>Hasil iradiasi sinar gamma pada benih lima genotipe cabai telah menghasilkan populasi mutan M2 yang harus diuji ketahanannya terhadap infeksi Begomovirus menggunakan serangga vektor Bemisia tabaci. Keefektifan metode penularan secara individu lebih tinggi dibandingkan metode penularan massal, namun jika uji penapisan diaplikasikan untuk suatu populasi yang besar maka metode yang cocok adalah penularan massal. Penelitian bertujuan (1) mendapatkan metode penularan massal yang keefektifannya sama dengan metode penularan individu, (2) mengetahui tanaman inang yang cocok untuk perbanyakan serangga vektor B. tabaci, (3) mengetahui tingkat ketahanan cabai genotipe M<br />hasil iradiasi sinar gamma terhadap infeksi Begomovirus, dan (4) mengetahui perbedaan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman dari genotipe M2 dan genotipe tetua M2 saat terinfeksi Begomovirus. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kasa dan Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran sejak bulan Mei sampai dengan Agustus 2013. Kajian penularan massal menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiap perlakuan diulang lima kali, sedangkan kajian jenis tanaman inang untuk perbanyakan imago B. tabaci menggunakan rancangan yang sama diulang empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman terung ungu (Solanum melongena) dan kapas (Gossypium hirsutum) cocok dijadikan sebagai tanaman inang dalam usaha perbanyakan serangga vektor B. tabaci. Penggunaan vektor B. tabaci dalam kondisi viruliferous (masa akuisisi 48 jam) dengan jumlah sekitar 20–30 ekor dalam satu kotak sungkup kain kasa dapat digunakan sebagai metode penularan massal untuk populasi 50 bibit tanaman cabai (kondisi 2–4 daun sejati) dengan keefektifan setara dengan metode penularan secara individu. Rerata dari 195 individu cabai genotipe Kencana M2 dan SSP M2 masuk dalam kategori tahan dan agak tahan terhadap infeksi Begomovirus, sedangkan rerata dari 195 individu cabai genotipe Seloka M2, Lembang-1 M2, dan Tanjung-2 M2 masuk dalam kategori rentan-agak rentan. Perubahan karakter kuantitatif dari pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pada lima genotipe M2 jauh lebih kecil jika dibandingkan dengan genotipe tetua M2 saat terinfeksi Begomovirus.</p><p><br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals The Role of Soil Amendments on Population Dynamics of Insect Pests, Growth Parameters and Yield of Eggplant, Solanum melongena (L.) Moench

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
P. K. Baidoo ◽  
M. B. Mochiah ◽  
D. Asare ◽  
A. A. Sefah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Loss of soil fertility as a result of continuous cropping on the same piece of land has necessitated the need to improve soil fertility for better crop yields. Inorganic and organic fertilizers have been used to improve soil fertility, however, excessive use of soil amendments improve vegetative growth of plants thereby attracting large numbers of insect pests. Cow dung and poultry droppings were used as soil amendments in a field experiment using eggplant Solanum melongena. The effects of these organic manures were compared with inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and a control where there was no application of soil amendment in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Parameters studied were pests’ and their numbers, plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, stem girth and yield. The major insect pests identified on the plant were Bemisia tabaci, Aphis gossypii, Leucinodes orbonalis and Eublemma olivacea. Bemisia tabaci and Aphis gossypii scores were significantly larger on cow dung and poultry manure plots. Leucinodes orbonalis and Eublemma olivacea numbers were not significantly different on the treated and control plots. Mean plant height, number of leaves and yield differed significantly among the soil amended plots. Even though soil amendments improve the nutrient content of the soil and the yield of crops it could lead to increase in pests numbers and damage caused to plants.

scholarly journals Only the B biotype of Bemisia tabaci is present on vegetables in São Paulo State, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Gonçales Rocha ◽  
Julio Massaharu Marubayashi ◽  
Jesús Navas-Castillo ◽  
Valdir Atsushi Yuki ◽  
Carlos Frederico Wilcken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Cryptic Species Complex ◽  
Biotype B

Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) is one of the most important pests in cultivated areas of vegetables and ornamental crops around the world. Based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidize I (mtCOI) sequence, there is evidence that B. tabaci should be considered a cryptic species complex of 11 groups containing 24 species. Two of the groups, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 and Mediterranean include biotypes B and Q, respectively. In this study we evaluated the mtCOI sequence of B. tabaci populations collected in sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Using PCR-RFLP with Taq I, a typical biotype B profile was obtained for all specimens. Based on the comparison with mtCOI reference sequences we found four haplotypes all belonging to the Middle East-Asia Minor 1. They occurred in the hosts pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and cucurbitaceae plants.

scholarly journals Endophytic Isolates of Cordyceps fumosorosea to Enhance the Growth of Solanum melongena and Reduce the Survival of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Tingfei Sun ◽  
Zhang Shen ◽  
Mobeen Shaukat ◽  
Cailian Du ◽  
Shaukat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Total Dry Weight

This study reports the effects of seed treatment with Cordyceps fumosorosea on seed germination, growth, colonization of eggplant (Solanum melongena), and growth of Bemisia tabaci (feeding on fungal colonized eggplant leaves). Germination rates of eggplant seeds were similar among different treatments. The growth parameters such as root length, shoot length, and number of leaves) differed significantly after 15, 30, and 60 days of seed treatment. The total dry weight of eggplant in response to treatment with C. fumosorosea isolates increased significantly when compared with the control. Both isolates of C. fumosorosea colonized different plant tissues, although the extent of colonization decreased during the experimental period. The colonization of eggplants by both C. fumosorosea isolates resulted in a significant reduction of B. tabaci incidence. This study possibly provides the first report of increased plant growth and increased insect mortality in eggplants inoculated with C. fumosorosea isolates.

Protein profiling analysis of Gossypium hirsutum (Malvales: Malvaceae) leaves infested by cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ibrahim ◽  
Sumaira Yasmeen ◽  
Ghanva Zaman ◽  
Li Bin ◽  
Fahad Al-Qurainy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Cotton Whitefly ◽  
Profiling Analysis

scholarly journals BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE OF BEMISIA TABACI (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) TOWARDS METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE VOLATILES

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Md. Touhidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Treated Plant

The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral response of Bemisia tabaci towards Metarhizium anisopliae (isolates PR1 and GT3) volatiles. Behavioral response of B. tabaci was investigated based on adult feeding and oviposition preference in eggplant Solanum melongena L. The highest mean number of adult (87) and egg (418) of B. tabaci were observed in the control plant, while the lowest mean number of adult (26) and egg (107) of B. tabaci were deposited in the PR1-treated plant. There were 8 and 5 compounds identified from the isolates PR1 and GT3, respectively. The highest amount of compounds of 1-Hydroxy-2-aminopropane (61.96%) and 1, 4-Dioxane-2-ol (54.18%) were released by PR1 and GT3 respectively. The results obtained so far revealed that whitefly avoided the eggplants provided with cultures of the M. anisopliae isolates emanating the volatile organic compounds and suitability largely depended upon the volatile profile.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KERAPATAN BULU DAUN PADA TANAMAN KAPAS TERHADAP KOLONISASI Bemisia tabaci GENNADIUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
I G.A.A. INDRAYANI ◽  
EMY SULISTYOWATI
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cotton Whitefly

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangga hama berdasarkan karakter<br />morfologi bulu (trichom) pada daun merupakan salah satu cara potensial<br />mengurangi penggunaan insektisida kimia dalam pengendalian hama.<br />Serangga hama pengisap Bemisia tabaci pada tanaman kapas juga dapat<br />dikendalikan dengan menggunakan varietas kapas resisten berdasarkan<br />karakter morfologi bulu daun. Penelitian peranan kerapatan bulu daun<br />pada tanaman kapas terhadap kolonisasi B. tabaci Gennadius dilakukan di<br />Kebun Percobaan Pasirian, Kabupaten Lumajang, dan di Laboratorium<br />Entomologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat Malang, mulai<br />April hingga Juli 2005. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui<br />peranan kerapatan bulu daun pada beberapa aksesi plasma nutfah kapas<br />terhadap kolonisasi B. tabaci. Perlakuan terdiri atas 11 aksesi plasma<br />nutfah kapas yang dipilih berdasarkan penilaian visual pada karakter<br />kerapatan bulu daun yang mewakili kerapatan bulu rendah hingga tinggi,<br />yaitu: (1) KK-3 (KI 638), (2) Kanesia 1 (KI 436), (3) A/35 Reba P 279 (KI<br />257), (4) Acala 1517 (KI 174), (5) Asembagus 5/A/1 (KI 162), (6) 619-<br />998xLGS-10-77-3-1 (KI 76), (7) DP Acala 90 (KI 23), (8) TAMCOT SP<br />21 (KI 6)), (9) Kanesia 8 (KI 677), (10) CTX-8 (KI 494), dan (11) CTX-1<br />(KI 487). Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan<br />10 ulangan. Paramater yang diamati adalah jumlah bulu daun, telur dan<br />nimfa pada 1 cm2 luas daun, serta jumlah imago B. tabaci pada daun<br />ketiga dari atas tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan<br />bulu daun berkorelasi positif dengan kolonisasi B. tabaci (R=0,9701).<br />Semakin tinggi kerapatan bulu daun, semakin meningkat kolonisasi B.<br />tabaci. Kolonisasi B. tabaci lebih tinggi pada CTX-1, CTX-8, Kanesia 8,<br />dan KK-3 (150-250 individu/cm 2 luas daun) karena tingkat kerapatan bulu<br />daun juga lebih tinggi (150-300 helai/cm 2 luas daun) dibanding TAMCOT<br />SP 21, DP Acala 90, 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1, Asembagus 5/A/1, Acala<br />1517, A/35 Reba P 279, dan Kanesia 1 yang memiliki kerapatan bulu daun<br />(0-100 helai/cm 2 luas daun) dan tingkat kolonisasi B. tabaci (&lt;100<br />individu/cm 2 luas daun) lebih rendah.<br />Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, plasma nutfah, hama, Bemisia<br />tabaci, trichom, kolonisasi, Jawa Timur</p><p><br />ABSTRACT<br />Role of trichome density of cotton leaf to colonization of<br />Bemisia tabaci Gennadius<br />Trichome-based host plant resistance offers the potential to reduce<br />chemical insecticides used in insect pest control. Cotton whitefly, Bemisia<br />tabaci can be controlled by using resistant variety based on trichome<br />density as plant morphological characteristics. The study on the role of<br />trichome density of cotton accessions on the colonization of B. tabaci was<br />carried out at Pasirian Experimental Station at Lumajang, and at<br />Entomology Laboratory of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research<br />Institute (IToFCRI ) in Malang from April to July 2005. Treatments<br />included 11 cotton accessions, viz. (1) KK-3 (KI 638), (2) Kanesia 1 (KI<br />436), (3) A/35 Reba P 279 (KI 257), (4) Acala 1517 (KI 174), (5)<br />Asembagus 5/A/1 (KI 162), (6) 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1 (KI 76), (7) DP<br />Acala 90 (KI 23), (8) TAMCOT SP 21 (KI 6)), (9) Kanesia 8 (KI 677),<br />(10) CTX-8 (KI 494), and (11) CTX-1 (KI 487). The experiment was<br />arranged in completely randomized design with ten replications.<br />Parameters observed were trichome density, number of eggs and nymphs<br />on one cm2 of leaf and adult of B. tabaci on 3rd highest leaf of cotton<br />plant. The result showed that trichome density was positively correlated<br />with B. tabaci colonization (R=0,9701) in which higher trichome density<br />of cotton leaf has resulted in great colonization of B. tabaci. Bemisia<br />tabaci colonisation was higher on CTX-1, CTX-8, Kanesia 8, and KK-3<br />(150-250 individu/cm2 of leaf) due to dense trichome (150-300<br />trichomes/cm2 leaf) as compared with other accessions, viz. TAMCOT<br />SP 21, DP Acala 90, 619-998xLGS-10-77-3-1, Asembagus 5/A/1, Acala<br />1517, A/35 Reba P 279, and Kanesia 1 which showed less density of leaf<br />trichome (0-100 trichomes/cm2 of leaf) and B. tabaci colonization (&lt; 100<br />individu/cm2 of leaf).<br />Key words : Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, cotton accession, pest,<br />Bemisia tabaci, trichome, colonization</p>

scholarly journals Dificultades metodológicas en la selección de cultivos trampa para el manejo del complejo Bemisia tabaci-virus en tomate

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Luko Hilje ◽  
Philip A. Stansly
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Solanum Melongena

Se describe la evolución de una metodología para la evaluación de cultivos trampa para el manejo de Bemisia tabaci (biotipo A) como vector de virus en tomate, en Costa Rica. Se evaluaron la vainica (Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae), tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum, Solanaceae) y berenjena (Solanum melongena, Solanaceae). Aunque los tres cultivos redujeron el impacto del Tomato yellow mottled virus (ToYMoV) sobre los rendimientos, el tabaco y la berenjena fueron superiores. No obstante, la extrapolación de estos resultados a condiciones comerciales es compleja, como también lo demuestran las experiencias mundiales, por varias razones que son discutidas.

scholarly journals Weather based model for forewarning incidence of whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-480
Author(s):  
PRABHJYOT-KAUR ◽  
VIJAY KUMAR ◽  
S.S. SANDHU ◽  
HARPREET SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document