scholarly journals A Comparative Study: Knowledge and Practices amongst Post-Operative Patients Regarding Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI) between Private and Public Tertiary Care Setup in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Asna Shahab ◽  
◽  
Tahir Sultan Shamsi ◽  
Erum Afaq ◽  
Omer Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Hospital ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract: Background: Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) is a major global safety concern for the health system as it increases mortality, morbidity, and length of hospital stay and contributes to the economic burden. These infections are prevalent in hospitals of developing countries such as Pakistan, due to limited resources, unsafe infection control practices and under reporting. However, post-operative patients are more prone to these infections due to immunocompromised state, antibiotic resistance, and most importantly lack of awareness regarding HAIs and their respective preventive measures. Therefore, the objective of this study was to highlight some of the serious but avoidable aspects of this largely ignored but important issue of HAIs in public and private tertiary care hospitals by assessing and comparing the need of knowledge and awareness in post-operative patients to minimize risks which in turn will decrease incidence, morbidity and mortality. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among post-operative patients of Liaquat National Hospital and Civil Hospital (private and public tertiary care hospital, respectively), over a period of 1 year (July 2017-2018) in Karachi. Individual interviews following verbal consent were taken using a pre-coded questionnaire, which was divided into 3 sections to analyze the social and demographic, knowledge and practices of the patients. We excluded patients with impaired comprehension, less than 15 years of age and those who were reluctant to participate. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.22.0. Pearson’s chi-square was used as the primary statistical test. Results: Three-fifty post-operative patients from each, public and private hospital were enrolled. The mean age was found to be 38.41 ± 16.57 years and 40.3% of patients were uneducated. Knowledge regarding the modes of spread, types and risk factors for hospital acquired infections was significantly associated with patients admitted in private hospital, female gender and a higher education level.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hospital Acquired Infection and its Preventive Practices among Health Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
pp. 452-456
Author(s):  
Purna Devi Shrestha ◽  
Sirjana Rai ◽  
Shobha Gaihre
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Hospital Acquired Infections are major challenge for low and middle income countries which have limited healthcare resources. Literature has explored the prevalence is high and practice is limited. This study aims to assess prevalence and preventive practices of Hospital Acquired Infection among health workers.Methods: A cross -sectional research design was carried out between Feb 2017 to May 2017 in National Trauma Center , Kathmandu. Census method was used to recruit 121 respondents and to find out prevalence. A structured questionnaire and observation checklist was used for data collection. Data was objectively analyzed in SPSS full version 21.Results: Prevalence of bacteria causing Hospital Acquired Infections was 11.83% in critical units. Among 95 specimen analysis, 53 specimen were isolated in critical units. The most common site of infection was the urinary tract 19 (35.8%) and bacteria causing nosocomial infection was Escherichia coli 28.30%. Culture plate was used to obtain environment samples, Out of 9 specimen analysis, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolated organism. Level of practice were significantly associated with education, training on HAI, work experience 0.019, 0.026, 0.027 respectively.Conclusions: The study found that prevalence of hospital acquired infection do exist in less percentage but preventive practices of HAI in majority of respondent were fair. Hence, there is a need to raise awareness as well as training on Hospital acquired Infection among health care workers.Keywords: Critical units; hospital acquired Infection; nosocomial Infection; practice; prevention.

scholarly journals A Review of Comparison of Complications of Vaginal Hysterectomy with and without Concomitant Surgery for SUI: A 5 Years’ Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Raheela Mohsin Rizvi ◽  
Munnazza Akhtar ◽  
Nadeem Faiyaz Zuberi
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Hysterectomy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Uterovaginal Prolapse ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Concomitant Surgery

Objective. The study was performed to review the complications of surgery for POP with or without surgery for SUI. This included the need for second procedure two years after the primary surgery.Study Design. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional comparative study at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) was used to identify women who underwent vaginal hysterectomy with anterior/posterior repair alone and those with concomitant tension-free vaginal tape surgery for urodynamic stress incontinence.Results. The 28 cases of VH/repair combined with TVT were compared for complications with 430 cases of VH with repair alone. The basic characteristics like age, BMI, and degree of prolapse showed no statistical difference among two groups. The main comorbidities in both groups were hypertension, diabetes, and bronchial asthma. We observed no significant differences in intraoperative and postoperative complications except for cuff abscess, need for medical intervention, and readmission following discharge from hospital, which were higher in cases with vaginal hysterectomy with concomitant TVT.Conclusions. Vaginal hysterectomy is an efficient treatment for uterovaginal prolapse with a swift recovery, short length of hospital stay, and rare serious complications. The addition of surgery for USI does not appear to increase the morbidity.

scholarly journals A study on length of stay and its predictors among dengue patients in a tertiary care institute in Lucknow

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4870
Author(s):  
Sandhya Mishra ◽  
Deepak Chopra ◽  
Nidhi Jauhari ◽  
Ausaf Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Arrival

Background: Dengue virus infection is a growing health problem and is prevalent throughout India. Research focusing on length of hospital stay and its predictors is scarce from India. This is important considering the burden of the disease during epidemics and impact on hospital admissions. Hence the study was conducted with the objectives to find out the factors influencing the length of stay in hospital of dengue patients.Methods: A cross sectional retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital from August 2016 to October 2016. Data was retrieved from case sheets at Medical Record Department of 350 lab confirmed adult dengue patients admitted in the hospital.Results: The majority of patients admitted were of economically productive age group of 18-45 years and males indicating the occupational exposure to the vector of dengue. The study found that majority had length of stay of less than a week and as age increases the length of stay also increases (statistically significant). The nil case fatality and lesser number of mean days of symptoms before admission possibly indicate that early arrival of patients to hospital can lead to very low fatality rates. Further research required to find out the other predictors of length of stay.Conclusions: The study concludes that the dengue affects the economically productive age group and more males thereby indicating occupational exposure to the vector. The age of the patient can be used as an indicator to the length of stay in the hospital.

scholarly journals To Formulate a Selective Patient Safety-related Policy for a Tertiary Care Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
V Aggarwal ◽  
Shakti Kumar Gupta ◽  
S Arya ◽  
S Singh
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Check List ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Public And Private

ABSTRACT Patient safety is the absence of preventable harm to a patient during the process of healthcare (WHO). Accuracy of patient identification remains a priority focus of healthcare organization. Identifying patients accurately presents many unique challenges in today's healthcare settings. We need to understand how human factors can be used to reduce adverse events. Using a human factor approach, the human system interface can be improved by providing better designed system and processes. This involves simplifying processes, standardizing procedures, providing back up when human fails, improving communication, redesigning equipment and engendering a consciousness of behavioral organization and technological limitation that lead to error. The above study was an initiative toward simplifying processes and standardizing procedures. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out between April to August 2013. The tool used was a check list made after an exhaustive review of literature and validated by experts in quality assurance from NABH accredited private hospitals. The study population of 100 people which included doctors, nurses, paramedical staff and quality managers of tertiary care public and private hospitals were approached for interaction against the back drop of the check list. Response rate was 61%. Policy was framed after incorporating inputs from responses received against the back drop of the check list. How to cite this article Singh S, Gupta SK, Arya S, Aggarwal V. To Formulate a Selective Patient Safety-related Policy for a Tertiary Care Hospital. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2014;2(2):94-102.

scholarly journals A study on poor prognostic factors associated with ventilator associated pneumonia at a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 906
Author(s):  
Raveendra K. R. ◽  
Suraj S. Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a hospital acquired infection (HAI) seen among critically ill patients, on mechanical ventilation, due to various causes in intensive care units (ICUs). It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality which increases the cost of health care. The aim of this study was to determine the poor prognostic factors associated with VAP.Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective study,40 patients who developed features of ventilator associated pneumonia on a platform of mechanical ventilator for >48 hrs in ICU were included in the study. VAP was then diagnosed based on clinical pulmonary infection scoring system (CPIS) with a score of >=6. All patients were evaluated and correlated with different parameters for the treatment and outcome.Results: Most of the patients had late onset VAP (60.7%) with average number of days being around 8 days. Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Enterobacteriacea, Staphylococcus aureus were commonly isolated organisms. Polymicrobial infections were not detected. Antibiotics like colistin, tigecycline and beta-lactamases are the most commonly effective antibiotics. Of the 40 VAP patients,20 patients survived and  20 died with protocol line of treatment. Following poor prognostic factors were identified-Early onset VAP (42.5%), elderly patients (>65 years) (90%), Type 2 DM (80%), hypertension (70%), prior antibiotic therapy (65%), prolonged supine position (68%) and re-intubation (75%).Conclusions: Ventilator associated pneumonia is associated with a significant increase in length of stay in ICU, time of mechanical ventilation and different complications and certain risk factors further worsens the prognosis.

scholarly journals Risk Factors and Outcomes of Bacteremia Caused by Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacterales Compared to Carbapenem Susceptible Enterobacterales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasih Ali Ahmed ◽  
Omair Ahmed ◽  
Sameer Ahmad Khan ◽  
Naveera Khan ◽  
Sara Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract BackgroundDue to shrinking therapeutic options, infections due to Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are an urgent threat in healthcare systems. We compared the risk factors and outcomes of bacteremia secondary to CRE with bacteremia secondary to carbapenem susceptible Enterobacterales (CSE).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study on patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan between 2013 and 2016. Patients with CRE bacteremia were matched to those with CSE bacteremia while excluding those with polymicrobial cultures.ResultsA total of 131 patients were enrolled (65 CRE and 66 CSE) with the mean age of 51.8 years and 57.1 years in CRE and CSE groups respectively. Compared with CSE, CRE bacteremia was more likely to occur in patients with Diabetes Mellitus or those with a tracheostomy (P = 0.002 and 0.014, respectively). The most common source of CRE bacteremia was central line associated (24.6% of all cases) as opposed to urinary tract infections in those with CSE bacteremia (62.1% of all cases). Fewer patients with CRE bacteremia received appropriate antibiotics (72.3% vs. 81.8%). Mortality was significantly higher in the CRE group (41.5% vs. 12.1%, P = 0.001) even when adjusted for the severity of illness using the PITT-bacteremia score. Increased mortality was also associated with central venous catheterization in both groups. The median length of hospital stay was longer in patients with CRE (8 vs. 6 days, P = 0.021)ConclusionCRE bacteremia was associated with central lines and led to significantly higher mortality and length of stay.

FACTORS INFLUENCING JOB SATISFACTION OF NURSES IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR'S HOSPITALS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Habib Ullah ◽  
Sehrish A. ◽  
Anwar CH ◽  
Meerub . ◽  
Saleem M Rana
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Government Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

Background: Human resource works as an engine to provide sustainable service delivery. An individual's perception in the organization plays a vital role in job satisfaction. In Health Care Nurse's job satisfaction in their jobs determines whether their roles are fulfilled towards service delivery for their clients of various communities. Better performance has been directly related with organizational working environment, social and financial aspects of the job are also important factors. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out. 100 nursing officers working in two tertiary care hospitals (50 from each) was randomly selected from age group 22 to 60 years. The data was collected by using a self-administered structured questionnaire and was analyzed statistically to compare both the variables by using SPSS version 20. Results: Pay is the most important factor that leads to job satisfaction. Majority of nurses from government hospital are moderately satisfied from their pay scales only 2% were observed satisfied working in private hospital. Government hospital nurses were more satisfied (82%) with their job due to job security as compared to private hospital nurses. Conclusion: The study developed the significant differences in the job satisfaction of nursing officers between public and private sector hospitals. Workload, professional support, training arrangement, and working environment found main factors that influence job satisfaction. It is evident from the study that the nurses working in Public sectors are more satisfied than in Private sector.

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