FUNCTIONAL STATUS AND ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN FOREIGN STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEGETATIVE REGULATION DURING TUITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
A.M. Satarkulova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Adaptive Abilities

The assessment and dynamic control over students’ status is a very important task. It allows timely detection of prenosological status prior to pathology and health maintenance in students. The objective of the paper is to assess the adaptive abilities of the body, to analyze changes in heart rate variability indicators in students with various types of autonomic regulation, to identify prenosological status and precursory pathological symptoms. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 302 students from India, aged 21.54±1.43. Programming complex «Psychophysiologist» was used to register the main HRV parameters within 5 minutes. Health status was evaluated according to the index of functional changes and the scale of functional states. Results. N.I. Shlyk (2009) distinguished two groups of students with different types of autonomic regulation: type 1 (53 %) with moderate and type 2 (5 %) with marked characteristics of central regulation profile, type 3 (35 %) with moderate and type 4 (7 %) with marked characteristics of autonomous regulation profile. Main parameters of HRV and adaptation potential were defined for each student.All the parameters characterized functional and health status. Conclusions. It was shown that 82 % of trial subjects (type 1), 53 % (type 2), 94 % (type 3) and 95 % (type 4) demonstrated satisfactory adaptation and their physiological processes were at an optimal level. 18 % of students (type 1) demonstrated reduced adaptive abilities of the body. Moreover, they were under moderate stress. 47 % of subjects (type 2) were also under a significant stress, which was proven by excessively high SI, low SDNN and TP, and an increased index of functional changes. 5 % of students (type 4) revealed dysfunctional characteristics in the heart rhythm, peculiar to pathology. Keywords: foreign students, heart rate variability, types of autonomic regulation, adaptation potential, functional status. Оценка состояния студентов и динамический контроль за ним является важной задачей, поскольку позволяет своевременно выявлять у студентов донозологические состояния, предшествующие патологии, и способствовать сохранению здоровья. Цель. Оценка адаптивных возможностей организма, анализ изменений показателей вариабельности сердечного ритма у студентов с различными типами вегетативной регуляции, выявление донозологических состояний и ранних признаков патологии. Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовало 302 студента в возрасте 21,54+1,43 года из Индии. Регистрировались основные параметры ВСР в течение 5 мин с использованием программно-аппаратного комплекса «Психофизиолог». Состояние и уровень здоровья оценивались по индексу функциональных изменений и шкале функциональных состояний. Результаты. По способу, предложенному Н.И. Шлык, выделены группы студентов с различными типами вегетативной регуляции: I (53 %) и II типы (5 %) – с умеренным и выраженным преобладанием центрального контура регуляции соответственно, III (35 %) и IV типы (7 %) – с умеренным и выраженным преобладанием автономного контура регуляции соответственно. У каждого из студентов определены основные параметры ВСР и адаптационного потенциала, характеризующие функциональное состояние и уровень здоровья. Выводы. Показано, что для 82 % обследуемых с I типом, 53 % со II типом, 94 % c III типом и 95 % с IV типом регуляции характерно состояние удовлетворительной адаптации, физиологические процессы сохраняются на оптимальном уровне. В группе студентов I типа у 18 % студентов адаптивные возможности организма снижены, выявлено состояние умеренного напряжения. У 47 % обследуемых II типа также зафиксировано состояние резко выраженного напряжения, индикатором которого является чрезмерно высокое значение SI, низкие величины SDNN и ТP, повышенное значение индекса функциональных изменений. В группе студентов с IV типом у 5 % учащихсяв регуляции ритма сердца выявлены дисфункциональные признаки, характерные для патологии. Ключевые слова: иностранные студенты, вариабельность сердечного ритма, типы вегетативной регуляции, адаптационный потенциал, функциональное состояние.

scholarly journals The Influence of Viewing Photos of Different Types of Rural Landscapes on Stress in Beijing

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2537
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Hanlun Zhu ◽  
Zhendong Shang ◽  
Yencheng Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3

The environment can affect people’s health by relieving stress, and rural landscape as a special environment might influence human’s stress relief. This study takes different types of rural landscapes as the research object to explore their impact on stress levels, which are shown by photos. As an independent variable, the rural landscape is divided into three levels: Type 1 (natural landscape), type 2 (productive landscape), and type 3 (artificial landscape). Seventy-three subjects were randomly assigned to each type of rural landscape. Salivary cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate, and a subjective rating state scale (brief profile of mood states, BPOMS) were used as indicators of stress. At the same time, the influence of preference and familiarity on the stress relieving effect was also discussed. A paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used as the main statistical methods. In the results of t-test for pre-posttest, significant difference was observed in high blood pressure, heart rate, and total mood disturbance (TMD) of type 1 and type 2, and the high and low blood pressure of type 3; ANOVA analysis revealed that for the difference of pre-posttest, significant difference was observed in the TMD value among the three types; except for type 3, blood pressure, heart rate, and BPOMS values were significantly affected by preference and familiarity. The conclusions include the following: The three types of rural landscapes have a positive effect on relieving stress; the productive landscape has the best effect on relieving stress; and users’ landscape preferences and familiarity with the environment can affect the effect of stress relief in rural landscapes.

scholarly journals Effect of Repeated Exposure to Contrasting Temperatures on the Body of Working Age Men with Different Types of Autonomic Regulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 394-404
Author(s):  
Tat’yana A. Fisher ◽  
◽  
Svetlana S. Kolyvanova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Repeated Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Working Age

The aim of this paper was to study changes in the haemodynamic and psychophysiological parameters of working age men as a result of repeated exposure to contrasting temperatures, depending on the type of autonomic regulation. Materials and methods. The research involved 14 men (aged 34.77 ± 5.66 years; office workers) divided into two groups according to Kérdö index: those with the sympathetic (n = 8) and parasympathetic (n = 6) types of self-regulation. Cold conditioning followed a certain plan of exposure to contrasting temperatures. The haemodynamic and psychophysiological parameters as well as adaptive potential were assessed 20 minutes before and 20 minutes after the exposure (alternating temperature cycles). We examined the following parameters: heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse and mean arterial pressure, stroke volume, cardiac output, vascular resistance, and adaptive potential according to Baevsky. Integral psychophysiological parameters were determined using the Lüscher express method. Results. Subjects with predominance of sympathetic regulation both before and after the exposure to contrasting temperatures had higher values of heart rate and cardiac output and lower vascular resistance than the parasympathicotonic group. Individuals with predominance of parasympathetic regulation showed decreased cardiac output and a significant increase in vascular resistance after the exposure compared with the initial data. We found statistically significant differences in the integral parameters “heteronomy/autonomy” and “balance of personal traits” between the groups under study before the conditioning procedures. The research indicates that repeated exposure to contrasting temperatures not only affects the haemodynamic parameters, but also changes the psychophysiological parameters, motivated behaviour in particular. For citation: Fisher T.A., Kolyvanova S.S. Effect of Repeated Exposure to Contrasting Temperatures on the Body of Working Age Men with Different Types of Autonomic Regulation. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 394–404. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z077

scholarly journals Identification of types of buffaloes available in Kanihari buffalo pocket of Mymensingh district

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Md Mahmodul Hasan Sohel ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Coat Color ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Body Appearance ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
River Type

The buffaloes are reared by many races under diverse agro-climatic conditions of Bangladesh. The buffaloes of Bangladesh are mostly indigenous in origin. Both the swamp and river type buffaloes are found in Bangladesh and they can be found throughout the country. However, their concentration is higher in coastal part, Meghna-Ganga and Jamuna-Brahamaputra flood plain, subsequently forming buffalo pockets. This study was conducted to identify the types of buffaloes and the sources of breeding buffaloes in one of those buffalo pockets called Kanihari buffalo pocket situated in Mymenshing district. Direct interviewing method was used to collect the data from the owner of the buffaloes. According to the body shape, coat color and horn pattern, buffaloes of this region were categorized into different categories. Abundant natural green grasses in the river bank of old Brahammaputra gave this area as a shape of a buffalo pocket. This pocket does not have any distinct breed and the buffalo population is mostly mixed and exotic. Introduction of swamp germplasm occurred when buffalo cows are temporarily migrated to Bathan area of Sylhet. Morphometric characteristics (coat color, horn pattern and body appearance) of Type-1, Type-2 and Type-3 buffaloes are similar to Murrah group (Murrah and Nili- Ravi), Surti group and indigenous river type buffaloes, respectively. This is the first study which identifies and morphologically characterizes the buffalo population in Kanihari buffalo pocket; however, in depth genotypic study is required in order to identify the origin or breeds available in this area.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(1): 109-115, April 2015

New Concept: Different Types of Insufficiency of the Saphenofemoral Junction Identified by Duplex as a Chance for a More Differentiated Therapy of the Great Saphenous Vein

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stücker ◽  
R Moritz ◽  
P Altmeyer ◽  
S Reich-Schupke
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
Optimal Therapy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Saphenofemoral Junction

Even though the item ‘saphenofemoral junction’ (SFJ) is anatomically well defined, the incontinence of the SFJ is often incompetently described in clinical practice and studies. Especially with regard to the optimal therapy of the great saphenous vein, it might be of importance to have a more distinct regard to the SFJ as it is known that about 10–30% of the saphenous refluxes have no femoral origin. Considering the terminal and preterminal valve three types of incompetence of the SFJ may be differentiated: Type 1: Incompetent terminal, but competent preterminal valve; Type 2: Competent terminal, but incompetent preterminal valve; Type 3: Incompetent terminal and preterminal valve (complete incompetence). A review on prior studies and reports leads to the assumption that the differentiation of the distinct types of SFJ-incompetence allows a more individual and – perhaps – more effective therapy. Finally, studies are necessary to evaluate the here given new concept.

New insights into the magmatic system southeast of El Hierro from high-resolution 2D seismic data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Frederik Lenz ◽  
Felix Gross ◽  
Andreas Klügel ◽  
Rachel Barrett ◽  
Philipp Held ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Magmatic Activity ◽  
Magmatic System ◽  
El Hierro ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3

<p>A new high-resolution seismic dataset is used to investigate the distribution and influence of different phases of magmatic activity in the southeast of El Hierro, Canary Islands. The Canary Archipelago off NW-Africa has largely been formed over the past 20 Myr, but older volcanic edifices exist. One of those older edifices is Henry Seamount, an extinct 126 Ma volcano located 40 km southeast of El Hierro, the youngest (1.1 Ma) and westernmost of the Canary Islands. Hence, the area southeast of El Hierro is influenced by both older and younger magmatic activity. We also found evidence for comparatively young volcanic activity at Henry Seamount, probably contemporaneous to El Hierro. Therefore, a complex magmatic system is assumed to have resulted in the different phases of magmatic activity.</p><p>A detailed high-resolution 2D seismic reflection dataset was collected in an area between El Hierro and Henry Seamount during RV Meteor expedition M146 in 2018 to image the expressions of this magmatic system in the upper sub-surface. Several acoustic blanking zones were discovered and identified as the most prominent features in this seismic dataset. We classify these blanking zones into three different types. Type 1 blanking zones are related to volcanic edifices, which crop out at the seafloor and cut through all imaged sedimentary units. Type 2 blanking zones are characterised by upward bending of adjacent reflectors and are most likely caused by hydrothermal doming resulting from saucer-shaped sill intrusions. Type 3 blanking zones cut clearly through adjacent reflectors, and are probably related to fluids or gases that were mobilized by the sill intrusions. The type 1 and 2 blanking zones cluster in the central part of the working area, whereas the blanking zones of type 3 are located on the outskirts. This specific distribution and the occurrence of the varying blanking zone types are combined to make a conceptual model of this complex magmatic system. Our model takes sill intrusions, hydrothermal doming, as well as volcanic out-crops and mobilized fluids into account. Therefore, this study provides new insights into the magmatic evolution of the youngest Canary Island, which can help to achieve a better understanding of the whole system.</p>

Orthotic variations in the management of infantile tibia vara and the results of treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Alsancak ◽  
Senem Guner ◽  
Hakan Kinik
Keyword(s):  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Tibia Vara ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthoses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3

Background:Infantile tibia vara is an acquired form of tibial deformity associated with tibial varus and internal torsion. Several methods have been described for orthotics treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of orthotics treatment in infantile tibia vara.Study design:Controlled trial.Objective:The aim of this study was to compare the effect of different types of orthoses and correction methods on decreasing the curve in children with severe genu varum.Methods:Three different types of knee–ankle–foot orthoses were applied to 35 lower extremities of 22 pediatric participants who were 19–38 months of age. The same orthotic design principles were used to correct the femur, while different designs were applied to correct the tibia. The orthoses used on 20 participants were evaluated for differences among them and their effects on the treatment process. In addition, methods used in the treatment, problems encountered, production of different types of orthoses, convenience of application of the orthoses, and degree of patients satisfaction are discussed in this article.Results:The mean duration of treatment of the participants until completion of treatment was 25.3 ± 9.7 weeks with a minimum of 9 weeks and a maximum of 41 weeks. No statistically significant correlation was found between the duration of orthotic use in patients with a successful outcome and percentile height and percentile weight. When the duration of treatment using the different types of orthoses was analyzed, significant differences were found between Type 1 and Type 2, and Type 1 and Type 3 orthoses (p < 0.05), while no difference was observed between Type 2 and Type 3 orthoses (p > 0.05).Conclusion:We found that bracing is an effective form of treatment for infantile tibia vara up to 38 months of age. We conclude that full-time use of knee–ankle–foot orthoses exerting corrective forces from five points along the full length of the limb was effective.Clinical relevance:The localization of the distal tibial correction, the quality of the midtibial correction band, and the importance of the application of corrective forces from five points with rigid methods were found.

scholarly journals Infestation of parasitic rhizocephalan barnacles Sacculina beauforti (Cirripedia, Rhizocephala) in edible mud crab, Scylla olivacea

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khor Waiho ◽  
Hanafiah Fazhan ◽  
Henrik Glenner ◽  
Mhd Ikhwanuddin
Keyword(s):  
Mud Crab ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rhizocephalan Barnacles ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 3

Screening of mud crab genus Scylla was conducted in four locations (Marudu Bay, Lundu, Taiping, Setiu) representing Malaysia. Scylla olivacea with abnormal primary and secondary sexual characters were prevalent (approximately 42.27% of the local screened S. olivacea population) in Marudu Bay, Sabah. A total of six different types of abnormalities were described. Crabs with type 1 and type 3 were immature males, type 2 and type 4 were mature males, type 5 were immature females and type 6 were mature females. The abdomen of all crabs with abnormalities were dented on both sides along the abdomen’s middle line. Abnormal crabs showed significant variation in their size, weight, abdomen width and/or gonopod or pleopod length compared to normal individuals. The mean body weight of abnormal crabs (type 1–5) were higher than normal crabs with smaller body size, while females with type 6 abnormality were always heavier than the normal counterparts at any given size. Sacculinid’s externa were observed in the abdomen of crabs with type 4 and type 6 abnormalities. The presence of embryos within the externa and subsequent molecular analysis of partial mitochondrial COI region confirmed the rhizocephalan parasite as Sacculina beauforti. Future in-depth descriptions of the life cycle and characteristics of S. beauforti are recommended as it involves a commercially important edible crab species and the effect on human health from the consumption of crabs is of crucial concern.

scholarly journals Different Types of Periampullary Duodenal Diverticula Are Associated with Occurrence and Recurrence of Bile Duct Stones: A Case-Control Study from a Chinese Center

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Sun ◽  
Wenhui Bo ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Quan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Successful Cannulation ◽  
Cbd Stones ◽  
Duodenal Diverticula ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3

Aims. We here investigated the association of different types of periampullary diverticula (PAD) with pancreaticobiliary disease and with technical success of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).Methods. A total of 850 consecutive patients who underwent their first ERCP were entered into a database. Of these patients, 161 patients (18.9%) had PAD and the age- and sex-matched control group comprised 483 patients.Results. PAD was correlated with common bile duct (CBD) stones (59.6% versus 35.0% in controls;P=0.008) and negatively correlated with periampullary malignancy (6.8% versus 21.5% in controls;P=0.004). The acute pancreatitis was more frequent (62.5%) in patients with PAD type 1 followed by PAD type 2 (28.9%,P=0.017) and type 3 (28.0%,P=0.006). No significant differences were observed in successful cannulation rate and post-ERCP complications among the 3 types of PAD. Type 1 PAD patients had less recurrence of CBD stones than did the patients who had type 2 or type 3 PAD (53.8% versus 85.7%;P=0.043).Conclusions. PAD, especially type 1 PAD, is associated with an increased acute pancreatitis as well as occurrence and recurrence of CBD stones. PAD during an ERCP should not be considered as an obstacle to a successful cannulation.

Direct development in a Nudibranch, Cadlina laevis, with a discussion of developmental processes in Opisthobranchia

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Direct Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retractor Muscle ◽  
Veliger Larvae ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Egg Capsule

Cadlina laevis (L.) is the first British species of nudibranch shown to possess direct development. The embryo leaves the egg-capsule approximately 50 days (at 10° C) after oviposition, and resembles the adult in the general form of the body. Sufficient food reserves remain to sustain life and apparent growth for more than 1 week of benthic life. A vestigial veliger phase is passed through within the egg-capsule. The shell, velum, mantle, and metapodium-rudiment resemble transitorily those organs of opisthobranch veliger larvae, but certain veliger structures (larval kidney, velar locomotor and pedal cilia) are vestigial in Cadlina, and others are altogether absent (operculum, larval retractor muscle, subvelar ridges, metapodial mucus-gland, pedal sensory cilia, and nephrocysts).In the Opisthobranchia three distinct development types can be recognized. Type 1 includes those species which possess planktotrophic veliger larvae. Type 2 comprises the species which have lecithotrophic larvae (in the sense employed by Ockelmann, 1965). Type 3 species have direct development, in which many veliger structures may be briefly recapitulated before hatching. Species of type 3 possess eggs of the largest sizes, species of type 2 in general have smaller eggs, while species of type 1 possess the smallest eggs. There is a positive correlation between egg size and the length of the embryonic period, and an inverse correlation between both and batch size. Within any development-type, the largest species tend to produce larger eggs in greater numbers. Within any species, the largest individuals tend to produce more eggs than do the smaller individuals; egg size varies little through the geographical range.

scholarly journals Terminus behavior and response time of North Cascade glaciers, Washington, U.S.A.

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (158) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauri S. Pelto ◽  
Cliff Hedlund
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Annual Balance

AbstractObservation of the terminus behavior of 38 North Cascade glaciers, Washington, U.S.A., since 1890 shows three different types of glacier response: (1) Continuous retreat from the Little Ice Age (LIA) advanced positions from 1890 to approximately 1950, followed by a period of advance from 1950 to 1976, and then retreat since 1976. (2) Rapid retreat from 1890 to approximately 1950, slow retreat or equilibrium from 1950 to 1976, and moderate to rapid retreat since 1976. (3) Continuous retreat from 1890 to the present.Type 1 glaciers are notable for steeper slopes, extensive crevassing and higher terminusregion velocities. Type 2 glaciers have intermediate velocities, moderate crevassing and intermediate slopes. Type 3 glaciers have low slopes, modest crevassing and low terminusregion velocities. This indicates that the observed differences in the response time and terminus behavior of North Cascade glaciers in reaction to climate change are related to variations in specific characteristics of the glaciers. The response time is approximately 20–30 years on type 1 glaciers, 40–60 years on type 2 glaciers and a minimum of 60–100 years on type 3 glaciers. The high correlation in annual balance between North Cascade glaciers indicates that microclimates are not the key to differences in behavior. Instead it is the physical characteristics — slope, terminus velocity, thickness and accumulation rate — of the glacier that determine recent terminus behavior and response time. The delay between the onset of a mass-balance change and initiation of a noticeable change in terminus behavior has been observed on 21 glaciers to be 4–16 years. This initial response time applies to both positive and negative changes in mass balance.

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