Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) in crossing of Madura Maize Plant (Zea mays L.)

Hybridization of Back cross is one method to get varieties that are resistant to downy mildew. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on inheritance characteristics of downy mildew resistance. This research was conducted at the experiment center of Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Research of Assessment of resistance to Downy Mildew used a randomized block design with 18 treatments (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 in three sets of crosses, namely LGL x Mdr-3, T12 x Mdr-1 and E02 x Mdr-2) and three replications so there were 54 experimental units. Identification of polymorphic RAPD markers for endurance to downy mildew through Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was done by amplifying the DNA in the resistant pool and susceptible pool. The random primers used were 120 primers from 6 operon groups, namely OPA, OPB, OPC, OPD, OPF and OPG. The results showed that the inheritance pattern of maize genetic resistance to downy mildew followed a segregation pattern of 3:1 with a degree of dominance between -1 and 0, and was controlled by incomplete partially negative dominant gene. OPC-07 was a marker that was linkage close to the resistance to downy mildew with a genetic distance of 1.9 cM.

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IMPROVE YIELD AND DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE OF F1 MADURA MAIZE HYBRIDS

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v21n1.2020.p11-16 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Achmad Amzeri ◽

Kaswan Badami

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

High Yield ◽

Technology Study ◽

Study Program ◽

Maize Production ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Heterosis Effect ◽

The University

Maize production in Madura Island is low. The study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performances (flowering age, harvesting age, and yield), heterosis effect, and resistance to downy mildew disease of F1 Madura maize hybrids. Ten F1 maize hybrids and seven respective parents were evaluated at the experimental center of the Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Trunojoyo Madura, from July to December 2017. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design, three replications, with a 50–100 plant population per unit. The parents were T12, T16, G10, G14, E02, Td04 and L1 genotypes having resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis). The results showed that the flowering age of the F1 Madura maize hybrids ranged 35–39 days, the harvesting age was 74–81 days, and the yield ranged from 2.90–6.40 t ha-1. Three hybrids showed the highest yield (T12 x L1 = 6.40 t ha-1, T16 x L1 = 5.42 t ha-1, and E02 x L1 = 5.90 t ha-1), and resistance to downy mildew, i.e. T12 x L1 (26.67%), T16 x L1 (26.67%), and E02 x L1 (26.67%). Two hybrids showed the highest heterosis values for yield, i.e. T12 x L1 (65.80%) and E02 x L1 (54.65%). The study suggests that three F1 Madura maize hybrids (T12 x L1, T16 x L1 and E02 x L1) are prospective to be developed further for high yield and resistance to downy mildew.

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Diallel analysis of maize resistance to Phaeosphaeria maydis

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162004000100007 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 36-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Herberte Pereira da Silva ◽

José Roberto Moro

Keyword(s):

Disease Severity ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Resistance ◽

Diallel Analysis ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Sources Of Variation ◽

Specific Hybrid ◽

Additive Genetic Effects

In breeding programs directed towards genetic resistance against diseases, the estimation of genetic parameters that control resistance allows the introduction of resistance into suscetible germplasm to be clearly focused. The purposes of this study were to estimate heterosis effects, and the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities by using two rating methods for resistance to Phaeosphaeria maydis in a diallel analysis of 36 F1 maize hybrids and their nine inbred lines. Trials were conducted in three environments. Disease severity was evaluated in the whole plant (PI) and in the leaf positioned just below the point of insertion of the main ear (AFA). The trials followed a randomized block design with plots represented by a 5 m long rows. Differences among combining ability estimates for different environments and in both evaluation methods showed significant effects (P < 0.01) for environment (E), GCA, and GCA × E. The SCA, and SCA × E effects were not significant for any of the disease severity variables. The GCA effects were more important than SCA for this set of inbred lines, suggesting that additive genetic effects are the most important sources of variation for this trait. Heterosis effects for resistance were estimated, and it was possible to identify specific hybrid combinations between lines which have high potential for genetic control of this pathogen. Results for both disease severity variables were practically identical, even though the PI method was more convenient to use.

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Resistance Response of Maize Germplasm to Downy Mildew [Peronosclerospora philipinensis]

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v24n1.2018.p43-52 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Syahrir Pakki ◽

Mappaganggang Mappaganggang

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

Susceptible Variety ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Average Intensity ◽

Standard Score ◽

Resistance Response ◽

Maize Germplasm ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Moderately Resistant

Two experiments to study responses of resistance of maize germplasm to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philipinensis) have been conducted. Both experiments were arranged in randomized block design with two replication. The treatments in each experiment (2014 and 2016) were 70 maize accessions. The accessions were planted in planting distant of 75 cm × 20 cm, in 5 m rows, resulting in 20 plants per row. In every 10 rows, two check varieties were planted, i.e. one susceptible and one resistant variety. Ten days prior to planting, the soil was fertilized with mixed fertilizers consisted of urea, ZA, SP36, and KCl at a dose of 100, 100, 100, and 100 kg/ha, respectively. Fertilization II and III was given at 30 days after planting, and 45 days after planting with a dose of 100 kg urea/ha. As a source of inoculum downy mildew, around the repeated plot was planted with varieties Anoman variety (susceptible variety) that was inoculated with a suspension of downy mildew pathogen. Observation was conducted at 25, 35, and 55 days after planting, with the standard score of resistant to downy mildew, followed: 0–10% = resistant, 11–25% = moderately resistant, 26–50% = moderately susceptible, >50% = susceptible. The result of the experiments showed that there were 5 accessions resistant to downy mildew (P. philipinensis), i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-30-3, 664, 60, 572, and 554 with the intensity of downy mildew infection ranged from 5 to 10%. Twelve other accessions were classified as moderately resistant, i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-98-2, 440×MR4-9-98-4 CML, CML 440×MR4-9-124-1, 66, 71, 319, 108, 73, 48, 105, 554, and 682 with intensity of infection ranged from 13 to 25%. At the same experiments, the average intensity of downy mildew infection on susceptible check varieties reached 100 percent.

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MEDIA TANAMORGANIK DAN POSISI TANAM BENIH PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (COFFEA CANEPHORA )

GANEC SWARA ◽

10.35327/gara.v14i1.132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 544

Author(s):

ANAK AGUNG GEDE PUTRA ◽

PANDE GEDE GUNAMANTA ◽

KETUT TURAINI INDRA WINTEN

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Coffea Canephora ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Study Program ◽

Growing Media ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Leaf Compost ◽

Organic Compost

The study aimed to determine the effect of organic planting media and the position of seed planting on the growth of Robusta coffee seedlings. The study is conducted at the Tabanan Agrotechnology Study Program, Tabanan University, which conducted from July 2019 to September 2019. The treatments are arranged in factorial in a randomized block design (RBD). Two treatments examined in this study were the doses of organic matter in the growing media (0g, 150 g, 300 g, 450 g) and seed position (prone position, upside down, tilted position). The results show that the interaction between organic planting media (soil + coffee leaf compost) and seed planting position did not significantly affect all coffee seedlings growth variables. The dose of organic compost in the growing media has a very significant effect on all growth variables except when growing and the percentage of growth. The dosing of 450 g organic matter gave the highest root fresh weight, fresh stem weight and fresh leaf weight (1.00 g, 2.97 g and 8.64 g respectively) and oven dry weight for the three variables (respectively 0.39 g, 0.55 g and 1.36 g). Seed planting position has no significant effect on all observed variables, but there is The tendency of planting position with the prone on average gives better growth compared to other positions.

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Effect of adding fungicide to mixtures of triazoles and strobilurins in the control of downy mildew and Asian soybean rust

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632019v4953688 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Zuntini ◽

Rita de Cassia Félix Alvarez ◽

Gustavo de Faria Theodoro ◽

Alan Mario Zuffo

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

Negative Control ◽

Soybean Rust ◽

Modes Of Action ◽

Asian Soybean Rust ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Product Effectiveness ◽

Seed Yields ◽

Number Of Seeds

ABSTRACT Fungicides used to control the Asian soybean rust are composed almost entirely of mixtures involving the systemic (triazoles) and meso-systemic (strobilurins) modes of action. However, to control the soybean downy mildew, only protective fungicides are available. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fungicides with different modes of action in the control of downy mildew and Asian soybean rust. A field experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with seven treatments [negative control; difenoconazole at V7 + (azoxystrobin + cyproconazole) at R2 and R5.1; (tebuconazole + carbendazim) at V7 + (azoxystrobin + tebuconazole) at R2 and R5.1; carbendazim and mancozeb at V7 + (azoxystrobin + tebuconazole) at R2 and R5.1; (tebuconazole + carbendazim) at V7 + mancozeb in V7 + (azoxystrobin + tebuconazole) at R2 and R5.1; (tebuconazole + carbendazim) at V7 + (azoxystrobin + tebuconazole) at R2 and R5.1 + mancozeb at R2 and R5.1; (tebuconazole + carbendazim) at V7 + azoxystrobin + tebuconazole at R2 and R5.1 + mancozeb at R2 and R5.1 + carbendazim at R5.1] and four replicates. The following variables were evaluated: disease severity based on diagrammatic scales, phytotoxicity, product effectiveness, defoliation, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1,000-seed weight and yield. The treatments with mancozeb addition showed to be more efficient in reducing the severity of mildew and Asian soybean rust and defoliation, providing increased seed yields for the crop. For the soybean downy mildew, the treatments with addition of mancozeb to benzimidazole, strobilurins and triazoles were more efficient in reducing the severity and for the control.

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Genetic analysis of yield and yield contributing traits in boro rice (Oryza sativa L.) Over environments

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v42i3.34504 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 457-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K Priyanka ◽

HK Jaiswal

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Genetic Components ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Degree Of Dominance ◽

Additive Component ◽

Diallel Mating Design ◽

Boro Rice

Hayman’s component analysis was employed to estimate genetic components of variation for yield and yield related traits in boro rice. Nine diverse lines of boro rice were crossed in diallel mating design excluding reciprocals and all the parental lines along with their 36 crosses were evaluated in randomized block design over 3 seasons in 3 replication. Significant differences among genotypes were observed for all the traits over seasons. Component analysis indicated importance of both additive and dominance components. However, greater magnitude of dominance component than its corresponding additive component of variance exhibited greater role of dominance in the inheritance of these traits. The average degree of dominance was more than unity indicating overdominance for all the traits. Most of the traits exhibited low to moderate narrow sense heritability.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(3): 457-466, September 2017

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Heterosis, Combining Ability, Genetic Diversity and their Interrelationship in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4628 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

D. Chandra ◽

S.K. Verma ◽

A.K. Gaur ◽

C. Bisht ◽

A. Gautam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Combining Ability ◽

High Frequency ◽

Block Design ◽

General Combining Ability ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Degree Of Dominance ◽

Correlation Result ◽

Per Se

Background: The development of superior hybrids is must to break the existing yield plateau ( less than 800 kg/ha) in pigeonpea and hence, the genetic mechanism governing the heterosis in pigeonpea must be decoded. Methods: The present study was laid down using randomized block design during kharif 2018-19 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar with 36 genotypes (8 parents and 28 F1 hybrids) of pigeonpea. The estimates of combining ability were evaluated by using the Griffing’s, Method II, Model I. The observations recorded for yield and related traits were subjected to the estimation of genetic diversity (GD) using the D2 statistics. The correlation between heterosis and different parameters viz., parental mean (PM), specific combining ability (SCA), mean of general combining ability (MGCA) and genetic diversity (GD) were estimated by using Pearson’s correlation. Result: High estimates of SCA variance and more than unity ( greater than 1) average degree of dominance for all the characters indicated the presence of over dominance. The SCA followed by MGCA were found to be most reliable parameters to predict the heterosis. The parents having high x low or high x high per se performance, good x poor GCA effects and with medium genetic diversity resulted in high frequency of heterotic hybrids.

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Evaluation of anthocyanin corn under various agro-environment in Indonesia

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/911/1/012020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 911 (1) ◽

pp. 012020

Author(s):

Jamaluddin ◽

Paesal ◽

Syuryawati ◽

Muzdalifah ◽

Abdul Fattah

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Block Design ◽

Color Appearance ◽

High Yield ◽

Good Resistance ◽

Agronomic Character ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Purple Corn

Abstract In the last decade, purple corn gain more attention mainly due to its high nutritional value and attractive color appearance. Purple corn contain anthocyanin 350% higher than normal corn. Based on its excellence, the research was conducted to find out of high yield purple opv corn with good resistance to downy mildew. The experiment was conducted by using randomized block design with three replication. The variable observed including agronomic character like vegetative, generative and scored disease of downy meldows. The result showed that two opve candidate were PMU(S1).Synth.F.C1 and PMU(S1).Synth.D.C1 have the highest yield6,80-6,85 t/ha, higher 50% than PLU. C0 (check). PMU(S1).Synth.F.C1 showed moderate resistence to downy meldows (20%-35%) and PMU(S1).Synth.D.C1 susceptible (>60%).

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Nitrogen Level and Irrigation Interval on Mitigating Stemphylium Blight and Downy Mildew in Onion

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v6i1.18795 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 17-22

Author(s):

Bibek Acharya ◽

Ram Kumar Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Block Design ◽

Nitrogen Level ◽

Yield Parameters ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Irrigation Interval ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Stemphylium Blight

Field trial was conducted on horticultural farm of Lamjung Agriculture Campus, Lamjung, Nepal between December-April 2016/17 on onion (Allium cepa), following two factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications and fifteen treatments to assess disease severity of Stemphylium blight (Stemphylium vesicarium) and Downy mildew (Peronospora destructor). The onion cultivar Red Creole, widely grown in this locality and susceptible to these diseases was used for trial. The disease intensity for Stemphylium leaf blight and Downy mildew was rated on weekly basis. Disease severity of both the disease significantly varied with nitrogen level and irrigation interval during initial and middle growth stage of onion, but in contrary, was found non-significant during later days as the plant approached harvesting stage. Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) also significantly varied in both treatments for both disease. Yield parameters recorded viz. bulb diameter and bulb yield significantly varied with nitrogen level and irrigation interval. The interaction effect of both the treatment was found non-significant for disease severity, AUDPC level and yield parameters during entire growth stage of onion. The results indicated that 7 days irrigation interval and government recommended dose of nitrogen i.e. 235 kg/ha were significantly better over other level of treatments in reducing Stemphylium blight and Downy mildew disease severity and also increasing yield parameters.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(1): 17-22

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Número de genes involucrados en el desarrollo lento de la Roya de la Hoja (Puccinia recondita f. sp. Tritici) en trigo

Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria ◽

10.21930/rcta.vol3_num1_art:177 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Luis Fernando Campuzano Duque

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Recondita ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Slow Rusting ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Number Of Genes

Con el fin de determinar el número de genes involucrados en el tipo de resistencia de desarrollo lento de la roya de la hoja en las variedades de trigo Pavón 76,Hermosillo 77 y Nacozari 76, se realizó un estudio en el Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT) localizado en Texcoco, Estado de Méjico. Para el efecto, se obtuvieron las cruzas simples posibles de estas tres variedades con una variedad susceptible carente de genes de resistencia, denominada Jupateco 73S. Los progenitores y 74 familias F5, de cada una de las seis cruzadas, fueron sembradas en un diseño de bloques completos aI azar con un arreglo de parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones. La respuesta a la enfermedad en las familias F5, se evaluó calculando el Área Bajo la Curva de Progreso de la Roya de la Hoja (ABCPRH). El estudio genético se realizó mediante el análisis dialélico de Griffing, (1986) (Modelo 2, Método 4), a partir del cual se estimaron las varianzas requeridas para calcular el número de genes involucrados en cada cruza mediante la fórmula de Wright, (1968). La resistencia genética a la roya de la hoja fue controlada por dos genes en las variedades Pavón 76 y Hermosillo 77 y por tres genes en Nacozari 76, sobre la base de que Jupateco 73S no posee genes efectivos de resistencia. Number of genes involved in slow-rusting to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) in wheat. In order to determine the number of genes involved in the type of leaf rust resistance called "slow rusting" in Pavón76, Hermosillo 77 and Nacozari 76 wheat varieties a study was carried out at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) located in Texcoco, State of Mexico. All possible single crosses were entered into these three varieties with a susceptible lacking variety genes resistance called Jupateco 73S.Parents and 74 F5 families of each cross were planted in a split plot randomized block design with three replications. The disease was evaluated using the Area Under the Leaf Rust Progress Curve (AULRPC). The genetic studies were achieved according to the model 2 Method 4 of Griffing,(1956) aiming the required variances to calculate the number of genes involved in each cross, according to Wright's (1968) formula. The leaf rust genetic resistance was controlled by two genes in Pavón76 and Hermosillo 77 varieties and by three genes in Nacozari 76, based on Jupateco 73S does not possess effective genes of resistance.

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