Humic balance of a rice plot located on the South Iazafo Plain, Vavatenina district, Analanjirofo region - Madagascar: Study of possible humic recovery through the contribution of leaf compost from the distillation activity of essential oils from the leav

Knowing the initial state of the soil, especially the amount of organic matter contained in the soil, is the basis of effective fertilization. A soil with too little organic matter will be difficult to cultivate, mainly because of problems of soil structure loss. Humus plays a central role in the quality of soils and the maintenance of their key functions. If the level of organic matter decreases further, soil fertility may be called into question. Therefore, this study consists of evaluating the stock of humus in a private paddy field located in the South Iazafo plain and considering the possible recovery in the event of a proven deficiency. The soil examination carried out on this private plot indeed shows the lack of organic matter (barely 2%). Consequently, a humus recovery in order to reach an optimal threshold of 3% ideal for rice cultivation will therefore be deemed necessary. This need for humus is amply compensated by the organic supply in the form of leaf molds from the residues of the essential oil distillation activity of clove leaves, around 20 to 40 years old. Note that this type of organic amendment is very abundant in the neighboring areas of the said Iazafo plain. Their agronomic enhancement is essential in order to promote agricultural yield, in particular paddy yield in this rice-growing area which is unfortunately constantly shrinking

Exploring Yield Potential of Raphanussativus L. By Various Organic Matter Sources

An experiment was conducted in order evaluate the influence of various organic matter sources on radish crop at Vegetable Research Farm Singri, Bhimber Azad Kashmir, during October, 2018. The experiment was replicated three times with 4 treatments (control, chicken manure, FYM and leaf compost). The lowest non-significant results for days to germination (6.00) were observed in chicken manure and highest (8.33) in control treatment. The maximum significantly high yield was obtained where organic matter sources (chicken manure, FYM and leaf compost) were applied and significantly low yield was observed in control treatment. The non-significantly high yield (4541g, 4665g and 4599g) was obtained in chicken manure, FYM and leaf compost respectively which was significantly low (3953g) in control treatments related with vegetative growth (number of leaves and leaf length) that was more where organic fertilizer was applied. It was proved that chicken manure was best for vegetative growth of radish as well as its root growth development and FYM and leaf compost results for yield was almost same and highest under the agro-climatic conditions of district Bhimber, Azad Kashmir. Pakistan.

Complete genomic sequence of a novel phytopathogenic Burkholderia phage isolated from fallen leaf compost

In contrast to most Burkholderia species, which affect humans or animals, Burkholderia glumae is a bacterial pathogen of plants that causes panicle blight disease in rice seedlings, resulting in serious damage to rice cultivation. Attempts to combat this disease would benefit from research involving a phage known to attack this type of bacterium. Some Burkholderia phages have been isolated from soil or bacterial species in the order Burkholderiales, but so far there has been no report of a complete genome nucleotide sequence of a phage of B. glumae. In this study, a novel phage, FLC5, of the phytopathogen B. glumae was isolated from leaf compost, and its complete genome nucleotide sequence was determined. The genome consists of a 32,090-bp circular DNA element and exhibits a phylogenetic relationship to members of the genus Peduovirus, with closest similarity to B. multivorans phage KS14. In addition to B. glumae, FLC5 was also able to lyse B. plantarii, a pathogen causing rice bacterial damping-off disease. This is the first report of isolation of a P2-like phage from phytopathogenic Burkholderia, determination of its complete genomic sequence, and the finding of its potential to infect two Burkholderia species: B. glumae and B. plantarii.

Cassava Leaf Compost Influences Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Rice

The application of compost as alternatives to reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers is considered a feasible agricultural practice to mitigate soil degradation caused by long term application of synthetic fertilizers. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the effect of cassava leaf compost on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of rice. Six treatments of two rice varieties (BRRI dhan29 and BINA dhan5) and three sources of nitrogen (Control - no nitrogen applied but residual soil N was 0.123%, urea @ 200 kg ha-1 and Cassava Leaf Compost @ 10 t ha-1) were used in this study. Cassava Leaf Compost @ 10 t ha-1 and urea @ 200 kg ha-1 significantly increased effective tillers per hill, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield were 12.84 and 13.75, 25.00 g and 24.93 g, 5.57 t ha-1 and 6.047 t ha-1, respectively. Cassava Leaf Compost @ 10 t ha-1 and urea @ 200 kg ha-1 increased N uptake in root is 0.821% and 0.756%, and the residual effect of compost increased C, N, P, K and S availability in soil for the succeeding crop in Cassava Leaf Compost @ 10 t ha-1 applied plots. Carbon and N mineralization rates were higher than control and soils receiving recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers. Our findings suggested that compost could be used as biofertilizer to improve degraded cropland soils for sustainable agriculture.

PRODUKTIVITAS SOM JAWA (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.) PADA BEBERAPA KOMPOSISI BAHAN ORGANIK

<p><strong>Productivity of Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. on several of organ ics matter composition</strong></p><p>Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. is a tuber producing crop To produce (he optimum yield Ihe crop needs the soil with good physical properties and fertility The soil conditions may be improved by applying organic matter. An experiment was conducted to evaluate Ihe effect of the composition of organic matter (compost, stable manure and casting) on tuber yield of talinum. The experiment was carried out at the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crop. Bogor. from September 1996 to September 1997. in a randomized block designed with four replications. The treatments evaluated were Ihe ratio of soil organic matter, i.e (I) soil, (2) soil + stable manure (3:1); (3) soil + casting (3:1); (4) soil + bamboo leaf compost (3:1): (5) soil + casting + bamboo leaf compost (6:1:1); (6) soil + stable manure + bamboo leaf compost (6:1:1); (7) soil + stable manure ♦ casting (6:1:1). Seedling was planted in polybag containing 20 kg of tested media Plants were applied with I g urea, 3 g TSP and 3 g KCI/polybag as basal dressing, while 2 g of urea was applied as top dressing at 3 months after planting. Plants were harvested at I year after planting Result of experiment found thai 3 kinds of organic matter treatments could increase Ihe number, fresh weight, and dry weight of tuber The highest tuber production were 165.40 g fresh/plant and 26.75 g dried/plant resulted from soil and casting treatment (3 I).</p>

MEDIA TANAMORGANIK DAN POSISI TANAM BENIH PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (COFFEA CANEPHORA )

The study aimed to determine the effect of organic planting media and the position of seed planting on the growth of Robusta coffee seedlings. The study is conducted at the Tabanan Agrotechnology Study Program, Tabanan University, which conducted from July 2019 to September 2019. The treatments are arranged in factorial in a randomized block design (RBD). Two treatments examined in this study were the doses of organic matter in the growing media (0g, 150 g, 300 g, 450 g) and seed position (prone position, upside down, tilted position). The results show that the interaction between organic planting media (soil + coffee leaf compost) and seed planting position did not significantly affect all coffee seedlings growth variables. The dose of organic compost in the growing media has a very significant effect on all growth variables except when growing and the percentage of growth. The dosing of 450 g organic matter gave the highest root fresh weight, fresh stem weight and fresh leaf weight (1.00 g, 2.97 g and 8.64 g respectively) and oven dry weight for the three variables (respectively 0.39 g, 0.55 g and 1.36 g). Seed planting position has no significant effect on all observed variables, but there is The tendency of planting position with the prone on average gives better growth compared to other positions.

Uji Perlakuan Kompos Daun Jagung (Zea mays) dan Pupuk NPK Phonska Terhadap Tinggi Tanaman dan Hasil Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Test of Corn Leaves (Zea mays) Compost and NPK Phonska Fertilizer on Plant Height and Peanut Yield (Arachis hypogaea L.). This study aims to determine the effect of giving corn leaf compost fertilizer and NPK phonska fertilizer and its interactions on the growth and yield of peanuts. The study used a Randomized Block Design with a 4x4 experiment with 2 factorial replications 3 times. The first factor is the dose of compost of corn leaf compost consisting of 4 levels, namely: o0 (control), o1 (100 g / plant), o2 (200 g / plant), o3 (300 g / plant). The second factor is the NPK fertilizer dosage consisting of 4 levels, namely: k0 (control), k1 (5 g / plant), k2 (10 g / plant), k3 (15 g / plant). The results showed that the treatment of corn leaf compost did not have a significant effect on plant height at 30.60, and 90 days after planting, pod weight and number of pods. Phonska NPK fertilizer does not have a significant effect on plant height at 30, 60, and 90 days after planting, but it has a significant effect on the number of pods and pod weight. The interaction between the compost dose of corn leaf compost and NPK phonska had no significant effect on plant height, pod weight and number of pods.

Effects of crop residues composts on the fractions and forms of organic carbon and nitrogen in subtropical Indian conditions

Management of enormous amounts of crop residues generated from increased crop productivities is a serious issue and could be dealt with by composting. Understanding the effects of such compost application on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles is important for assessing acceptable organic sources for a particular region. We appraised the sensitivity indices and C and N pools in soils amended with full and 50% substitution of mineral fertilisers with rock phosphate enriched composts prepared from rice straw, mustard stover and tree leaves under a four-year-old wheat (Triticum aestivum)–green gram (Vigna radiata) cropping sequence in an Inceptisol. Results revealed that total organic C (TOC) increased by ~37 and 49% under tree leaf compost and tree leaf compost + 50% NPK-treated plots respectively, over unfertilised control in wheat. However, the corresponding increases were ~33 and 36% over control for green gram. The very labile C pool was more sensitive to management than TOC and less labile C. After wheat, significant improvements in total N, labile N and mineral N were found in plots receiving enriched composts applied either alone or in combination with 50% NPK. The carbon management index (CMI), nitrogen management index (NMI) and microbial C:N ratio were similar in soils amended with rice straw compost + 50% NPK, mustard stover compost + 50% NPK and tree leaves compost + 50% NPK, indicating suitability of all three organic sources in this zone. The highest values of CMI (219) and NMI (274) were maintained in mustard stover compost + 50% NPK and rice straw compost + 50% NPK-treated plots respectively. All enriched composts + 50% NPK plots had sensitivity indices (of different C and N pools) either nearer to or higher than 100% NPK plots, implying that the present integrated nutrient management with enriched composts + 50% NPK could sustain crop production and thus could be recommended.