IMPROVE YIELD AND DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE OF F1 MADURA MAIZE HYBRIDS

Maize production in Madura Island is low. The study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performances (flowering age, harvesting age, and yield), heterosis effect, and resistance to downy mildew disease of F1 Madura maize hybrids. Ten F1 maize hybrids and seven respective parents were evaluated at the experimental center of the Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Trunojoyo Madura, from July to December 2017. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design, three replications, with a 50–100 plant population per unit. The parents were T12, T16, G10, G14, E02, Td04 and L1 genotypes having resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis). The results showed that the flowering age of the F1 Madura maize hybrids ranged 35–39 days, the harvesting age was 74–81 days, and the yield ranged from 2.90–6.40 t ha-1. Three hybrids showed the highest yield (T12 x L1 = 6.40 t ha-1, T16 x L1 = 5.42 t ha-1, and E02 x L1 = 5.90 t ha-1), and resistance to downy mildew, i.e. T12 x L1 (26.67%), T16 x L1 (26.67%), and E02 x L1 (26.67%). Two hybrids showed the highest heterosis values for yield, i.e. T12 x L1 (65.80%) and E02 x L1 (54.65%). The study suggests that three F1 Madura maize hybrids (T12 x L1, T16 x L1 and E02 x L1) are prospective to be developed further for high yield and resistance to downy mildew.

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Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) in crossing of Madura Maize Plant (Zea mays L.)

10.21107/amzeri.2019.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Achmad Amzeri ◽

◽

Kaswan Badami ◽

Gita Pawana ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Genetic Resistance ◽

Technology Study ◽

Study Program ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Degree Of Dominance ◽

Maize Genetic ◽

Mdr 1

Hybridization of Back cross is one method to get varieties that are resistant to downy mildew. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on inheritance characteristics of downy mildew resistance. This research was conducted at the experiment center of Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Research of Assessment of resistance to Downy Mildew used a randomized block design with 18 treatments (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 in three sets of crosses, namely LGL x Mdr-3, T12 x Mdr-1 and E02 x Mdr-2) and three replications so there were 54 experimental units. Identification of polymorphic RAPD markers for endurance to downy mildew through Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was done by amplifying the DNA in the resistant pool and susceptible pool. The random primers used were 120 primers from 6 operon groups, namely OPA, OPB, OPC, OPD, OPF and OPG. The results showed that the inheritance pattern of maize genetic resistance to downy mildew followed a segregation pattern of 3:1 with a degree of dominance between -1 and 0, and was controlled by incomplete partially negative dominant gene. OPC-07 was a marker that was linkage close to the resistance to downy mildew with a genetic distance of 1.9 cM.

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Evaluation of anthocyanin corn under various agro-environment in Indonesia

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/911/1/012020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 911 (1) ◽

pp. 012020

Author(s):

Jamaluddin ◽

Paesal ◽

Syuryawati ◽

Muzdalifah ◽

Abdul Fattah

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Block Design ◽

Color Appearance ◽

High Yield ◽

Good Resistance ◽

Agronomic Character ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Purple Corn

Abstract In the last decade, purple corn gain more attention mainly due to its high nutritional value and attractive color appearance. Purple corn contain anthocyanin 350% higher than normal corn. Based on its excellence, the research was conducted to find out of high yield purple opv corn with good resistance to downy mildew. The experiment was conducted by using randomized block design with three replication. The variable observed including agronomic character like vegetative, generative and scored disease of downy meldows. The result showed that two opve candidate were PMU(S1).Synth.F.C1 and PMU(S1).Synth.D.C1 have the highest yield6,80-6,85 t/ha, higher 50% than PLU. C0 (check). PMU(S1).Synth.F.C1 showed moderate resistence to downy meldows (20%-35%) and PMU(S1).Synth.D.C1 susceptible (>60%).

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SCREEN HOUSE TEST OF EIGHT BIOPESTICIDE FORMULATION BACILLUS SUBTILIS AGAINST DOWNY MILDEW, PERONOSCLEROSPORA PHILIPINENSIS, ON CORN PLANT

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.11851-56 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Nurasiah Djaenuddin ◽

Amran Muis ◽

Nurnina Nonci

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Water Control ◽

Corn Plant ◽

Maize Production ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Screen House

Screen House Test of Eight Biopesticide Formulation Bacillus subtilis against Downy Mildew, Peronosclerospora philipinensis, on Corn Plant. Corn downy mildew (DM) caused by Peronosclerospora spp. is a major constraint to the decline in maize production because it can cause yield loss up to 100%. So far, DM was successfully controlled with metalxyl fungicide. But lately, the effectiveness of this fungicide has begun to decline, so there is a need for an appropriate and environmentally friendly control alternative, one of which is the use of biological control agents. The aim of this study was to know the influence of eight types of biopesticide formulation of Bacillus subtilis in controlling DM of corn plant. The study was conducted at the screenhouse of the Indonesian Cereals Research Institute at Maros from November to December 2016. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. The treatment consisted of seed treatment with eight types of B. subtilis formulations (TM4, TM3, BNt4, BNt5, BNt6, BNt8, BJ6, and TLB1) and one treatment with sterile water (control). The variety used was Anoman which is known to be highly susceptible to DM. The variables observed included number of germination, the incidence and incubation period of disease, plant height, and dry weight of the plant. The results showed that the eight B. subtilis formulations had the potential to suppress DM in corn. The symptom of DM began to be seen at 18 days after planting (DAP) on the treatment of BNt8, while the controls have been seen at 12 HST. B. subtilis TM formulation has the highest potential to suppress DM with the percentage of disease suppression reaching 63.1%.

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Yield potential and resistance of corn (Zea mays L.) S5 generation

Jurnal Natural ◽

10.24815/jn.v21i1.19142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

SITI HAFSAH ◽

BAKHTIAR BAKHTIAR ◽

NUR ROSLINI ◽

FIRDAUS FIRDAUS

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

Yield Potential ◽

High Yield ◽

Mass Selection ◽

Field Station ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Resistant Genotypes ◽

Downy Mildew Disease ◽

High Yield Potential

. Maize S5 generation was obtained and assembled through open pollination, from its parents possessing high yield potential and resistant to downy mildew disease, where the parents were obtained through mass selection. The objective of this research was to evaluate the yield potential and resistance of maize S5 generation against downy mildew disease. The research was conducted at Syngenta Seed Indonesia, Kediri Field Station, Kedungmalang Village, Papat District, Kediri Regency, East Java, from May to October 2019. The research was employed Randomized Block Design (RBD) non Factorial with the only factor observed, 24 genotypes of maize, 5 genotypes for disease resistance assay and 4 genotypes for yield potential assay with 2 replications. The results showed that there were 5 resistant genotypes, 18ID010125, 18ID010141, 18ID010158, 18ID010134, 18ID010118 and 18ID010122 and 7 potential genotypes to have high yield, 18ID010144, 18ID010123, 18ID006020, 18ID010135, 18ID010125, 18ID007419 and 18ID010148. The results also exhibited 3 genotypes with the highest yield and possessed high resistance against downy mildew (18ID010125, 18ID010123 and 18ID010148).

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SCREEN HOUSE TEST OF EIGHT BIOPESTICIDE FORMULATION BACILLUS SUBTILIS AGAINST DOWNY MILDEW, PERONOSCLEROSPORA PHILIPINENSIS, ON CORN PLANT

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.11851-58 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Nurasiah Djaenuddin ◽

Amran Muis ◽

Nurnina Nonci

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Water Control ◽

Corn Plant ◽

Maize Production ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Screen House

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Genotype by Trait Interaction (GT) in Maize Hybrids on Complete Fertilizer

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10112388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2388

Author(s):

Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi ◽

Csaba Bojtor ◽

Árpád Illés ◽

János Nagy

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Principal Component ◽

Gge Biplot ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Maize Cultivars ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Total Data ◽

Ammi Model ◽

Complete Fertilizer ◽

The University

We investigated the interaction between genotype by trait, and an experiment was conducted at the University of Debrecen. Two maize cultivars, FAO340 and FAO410, were studied in a randomized complete block design with four replications. This experiment was applied to the six fertilization treatments. Fertilizer levels were NPK0 (control) (N:0, P2O5:0, K2O:0), NPK1 (N:30, P2O5:23, K2O:27), NPK2 (N:60, P2O5:46, K2O:54), NPK3 (N:90, P2O5:69, K2O:81), NPK4 (N:120, P2O5:92, K2O:108), and NPK5 (N:150, P2O5:115, K2O:135). The first principal component showed 54.24%, and the second principal component showed 20.75%, which explained the total squares interaction using the AMMI model in the case of the FAO410 hybrid. As regards the FAO340 hybrid, the first principal component showed 58.18%, and the second principal component showed 18.04%, explaining the total squares interaction using the AMMI model in the FAO410 hybrid. In the GGE biplot on FAO410, the first and the second principal components covered 91.20% of the total data in this analysis. Accordingly, the desirable treatment was NPK5, followed by NPK4, NPK2, NPK3, NPK1, and NPK0. NPK4 and NPK5 had the most desirable treatments for the number of seeds per row, chlorophyll, weight of 1000 seeds, and stem diameter in the case of the FAO410 hybrid.

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Resistance Response of Maize Germplasm to Downy Mildew [Peronosclerospora philipinensis]

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v24n1.2018.p43-52 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Syahrir Pakki ◽

Mappaganggang Mappaganggang

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Block Design ◽

Susceptible Variety ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Average Intensity ◽

Standard Score ◽

Resistance Response ◽

Maize Germplasm ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Moderately Resistant

Two experiments to study responses of resistance of maize germplasm to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philipinensis) have been conducted. Both experiments were arranged in randomized block design with two replication. The treatments in each experiment (2014 and 2016) were 70 maize accessions. The accessions were planted in planting distant of 75 cm × 20 cm, in 5 m rows, resulting in 20 plants per row. In every 10 rows, two check varieties were planted, i.e. one susceptible and one resistant variety. Ten days prior to planting, the soil was fertilized with mixed fertilizers consisted of urea, ZA, SP36, and KCl at a dose of 100, 100, 100, and 100 kg/ha, respectively. Fertilization II and III was given at 30 days after planting, and 45 days after planting with a dose of 100 kg urea/ha. As a source of inoculum downy mildew, around the repeated plot was planted with varieties Anoman variety (susceptible variety) that was inoculated with a suspension of downy mildew pathogen. Observation was conducted at 25, 35, and 55 days after planting, with the standard score of resistant to downy mildew, followed: 0–10% = resistant, 11–25% = moderately resistant, 26–50% = moderately susceptible, >50% = susceptible. The result of the experiments showed that there were 5 accessions resistant to downy mildew (P. philipinensis), i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-30-3, 664, 60, 572, and 554 with the intensity of downy mildew infection ranged from 5 to 10%. Twelve other accessions were classified as moderately resistant, i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-98-2, 440×MR4-9-98-4 CML, CML 440×MR4-9-124-1, 66, 71, 319, 108, 73, 48, 105, 554, and 682 with intensity of infection ranged from 13 to 25%. At the same experiments, the average intensity of downy mildew infection on susceptible check varieties reached 100 percent.

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Effectiveness Test of Parasitization by Parasitoid Tricogramma japonicum in Controlling White Rice Stem Borer (Scirphopaga innotata)

International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources ◽

10.46676/ij-fanres.v2i1.26 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

Susilawati Astrodjojo ◽

Suratman Sudjud ◽

Sri Soenarsih DAS

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Stem Borer ◽

Plant Age ◽

High Yield ◽

Intensity Parameter ◽

Factor B ◽

White Rice ◽

Rice Stem Borer ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Essential Food

Rice is an essential food crop besides corn and soybeans. The need for rice each year increases along with population growth. One of the pests affecting rice is the white rice stem borer. The present research aimed to test the effectiveness and to examine the interaction between plant age and the number of Tricogramma japonicum parasitoid. The research was carried out at the Agrotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Khairun University, Ternate, and the rice fields of Bumi Restu village SP I, East Wasile district. The research design operative was a randomized block design where factor A (A1 = 21 DAS, A2 = 42 DAS, A3 = 56 DAS) was the age of the plant, and factor B (B0 = 0, B1 = 50, B2 = 100, B3 = 150) was the number of eggs of Corcyra cephalonica. Biological control using different amounts of Trichogramma japonicum parasitoid led to different interactions and results for each tested parameter. For the number of egg groups, there was no interaction with plant age, but the treatments which were found effective in suppressing stem borer populations were B2 and B3 (100 and 150). The most effective pias as indicated by damage intensity parameter was B3 (150), which was applied to plants aged 21 DAP. Furthermore, for plant height, different number of parasitoids poses significantly effective results. Percentage unhulled grain of pias B3 (150) causes insignificant damage. For production there is no interaction with plant age, but pias B2 (100) shows high yield. The conclusion is that pias B3 (150) applied to 21 days of plants is very effective in controlling white rice stem borer.

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The Response of Fordhook Giant / Swisschard (Beta vulgaris var Cicla) and Mustard (Brassica Juncea) Spinach Vegetables to Irrigation with Saline Water

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajaar/2020/v14i330133 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 20-26

Author(s):

M. V. Dlamini ◽

M. T. Masarirambi

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Water Source ◽

Saline Irrigation ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

The University

Saline irrigation water is becoming an important water source as fresh water is fast becoming a scarce resource in many areas of the world, including Eswatini, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. A study to test the response of two varieties of spinach (fordhook giant and mustard) to salinity was conducted in a field pot experiment at the Faculty of Agriculture at the Luyengo Campus of the University of Eswatini. The treatments were laid in a randomized block design (RCBD). The experiment consisted of four treatments, each replicated twelve times. Treatments were salinity levels of 0.0 dS/m, 1.5 dS/m, 2.0 dS/m and 3.5 dS/m. All the treatments were subjected to similar agronomic practices. Spinach was grown and observed for a period of five weeks. Plant height was measured and the number of leaves counted weekly throughout the experiment. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between salinity treatments were obtained for plant height beginning in week 2 but were more pronounced in week 3, 4 and week 5. No significant differences were obtained for the number of leaves. There were however, clear significant differences between spinach irrigated with none saline irrigation water compared to saline irrigation water. It was concluded that irrigating spinach with saline water of more than 2.0 dS/m drastically reduce plant growth but not the number of leaves under the conditions of the experiment.

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MEDIA TANAMORGANIK DAN POSISI TANAM BENIH PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (COFFEA CANEPHORA )

GANEC SWARA ◽

10.35327/gara.v14i1.132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 544

Author(s):

ANAK AGUNG GEDE PUTRA ◽

PANDE GEDE GUNAMANTA ◽

KETUT TURAINI INDRA WINTEN

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Coffea Canephora ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Study Program ◽

Growing Media ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Leaf Compost ◽

Organic Compost

The study aimed to determine the effect of organic planting media and the position of seed planting on the growth of Robusta coffee seedlings. The study is conducted at the Tabanan Agrotechnology Study Program, Tabanan University, which conducted from July 2019 to September 2019. The treatments are arranged in factorial in a randomized block design (RBD). Two treatments examined in this study were the doses of organic matter in the growing media (0g, 150 g, 300 g, 450 g) and seed position (prone position, upside down, tilted position). The results show that the interaction between organic planting media (soil + coffee leaf compost) and seed planting position did not significantly affect all coffee seedlings growth variables. The dose of organic compost in the growing media has a very significant effect on all growth variables except when growing and the percentage of growth. The dosing of 450 g organic matter gave the highest root fresh weight, fresh stem weight and fresh leaf weight (1.00 g, 2.97 g and 8.64 g respectively) and oven dry weight for the three variables (respectively 0.39 g, 0.55 g and 1.36 g). Seed planting position has no significant effect on all observed variables, but there is The tendency of planting position with the prone on average gives better growth compared to other positions.

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