scholarly journals Slope Protection Structures at Water Reservoirs in Belarus and Causes of their Deformations

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-488
Author(s):  
V. E. Levkevich
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Retaining Structures ◽  
Site Investigations ◽  
Bank Stabilization ◽  
Opening Width ◽  
Protection Structures

Assessment of the current state in respect of various bank stabilization with identification of causes of their destruction and deformation scale has been carried out on the basis of the survey pertaining to coastal protection structures in more than 100 reservoirs of the country. The paper presents results of field observations on bank slope protection structures which are used at water reservoirs in Belarus. It has been established that the most common protection of banks and slopes is strengthening in the form of reinforced concrete monolithic or prefabricated slabs. It has been determined that deformations of slope protection are represented by opening of tile-to-tile construction, temperature and settlement joints (it has been recorded opening width of 0.35 m) which develop under a complex impact of wind waves, fluctuations in levels and other factors. Subsequently deformations of exposed joints lead to destruction of the protection. Value of slope deformations reaches in some cases rather significant extent: linear processing (destruction) of slopes – up to 24.20 m; volume of erosion – up to 4.25 m3/m running. Physical modeling of slope deformations carried out at a hydro-technical laboratory of the Belarusian National Technical University while using models of ground retaining structures protected by reinforced concrete strengthening with various opening width of joints has allowed to determine dynamics and scope of slope deformations due to the influence of wave and level regimes having various parameters. Data of on-site investigations on protection have made it possible to assess the state of slope paving for various operational periods of retaining structures. The paper presents reasons and factors that affect the protection stability. The results of on-site and laboratory investigations on protection stability have permitted to determine that the following reasons influence on the development of deformations: presence of objective inaccuracies and assumptions in the accepted calculated design schemes and dependencies for determination of protection parameters; lack of completeness in registration of conditions for wave formation and level regime of reservoirs; initial data and survey materials do not always provide true information about ground conditions for construction of bank protection facility; technological deviations while constructing structures and their protection. It has been ascertained that one of the characteristics determining a dynamic stability of banks and slopes in structures under conditions of the reservoirs in Belarus along with the above reasons is a composition of the eroded soil characterized, in particular, by a inhomogeneity coefficient of loose soil. A self-pavement effect identified during the study of protection stability and formed during destruction of a bank composed of loose soils with increased heterogeneity has made it possible to propose a method for protecting slopes and banks. On-site investigations and laboratory experiments have permitted to obtain empirical relationships for calculation of dynamic equilibrium profile with self-pavement of two types. The paper provides a calculation for combined slope protection consisting of rockfill and synthetic filter materials of increased strength.

scholarly journals Deformations of upper soil slopes of retaining structures and shores with violated reinforced concrete fastening in riverbed reservoirs in Belarus

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Viktor Levkevich ◽  
Aleksandr Buzuk ◽  
Ivan Kirvel ◽  
Sergey Parfomuk
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Retaining Structures ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
Soil Slopes ◽  
Equilibrium Profile ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Engineering Protection

Abstract The conditions of wind waves influence on the ground upper soil slopes of retaining structures and natural shores that are fixed in the form of reinforced concrete fastening with deformations are considered. The results of modeling the regime of intra-water currents and field surveys of artificial water bodies are shown. A criterion for assessing the stability of ground slopes and coastal slopes with reinforced concrete fastening with a broken structure is proposed and the conditions for its applicability are determined. Measures for engineering protection of the reservoir shores are proposed via using a criterion for the stability of fixed slopes Пк. It is assumed that at Пк ≥ 1 the slope profile with fastening plates deformed during operation acquires the contour of the dynamic equilibrium profile adopted for the calculated type of soil as a result of the destruction of the slope by waves.

scholarly journals METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING SHORE PROTECTION STRUCTURES FROM GABION

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
S.I. Rogachko ◽  
◽  
H.V. Slobodianyk ◽  
N.B. Dolinskaya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Progressive Method ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Protection Structures

Abstract. The shores of seas, lakes, bays and reservoirs under the action of wind waves, drifting level ice, rainwater, wind erosion and other factors are subject to intensive destruction. As a result of this, the areas of valuable agricultural land and other lands are reduced. The destruction of the coasts is accompanied by landslides, which reduce the area of settlements where residential buildings, urban buildings, industrial enterprises, park areas, roads and other communications are located. In such cases there is a need for the construction of special protection structures, which will protect coasts from destruction. There are two methods of coastal protection ‒ active and passive. Experience in coastal protection shows, that in many cases, these methods can be successful when applied jointly. The types of structures of shore protection structures are diverse. Therefore, the main task of designers is to choose the most optimal of them, taking into account the climatic, hydrological and engineering-geological conditions of the region construction. The aim of this work is to create a progressive method of construction of shore protection structures on shallow shores of the seas and in shallow reservoirs. This paper considers the existing and innovative designs of shore protection structures made of various materials, the conditions of their use and technical and economic characteristics are analyzed. Based on the analysis, a progressive method of construction of shore protection structures from gabions is proposed. The using of the proposed method for the construction of shore protection structures from a box type gabion will speed up the construction process of such structures, as well as reduce the volume of material at the base, which will lead to a significant reduction in the cost of construction. The mass of gabions in each project should be determined on the parameters of the waves of the design storm in accordance to the recommendations of standards.

Bank protection structures of the cascade of water reservoirs of the Vilia-Minsk water system

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Keyword(s):  
Wind Waves ◽  
Water System ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Current State ◽  
National University ◽  
Protection Structures

The data of field studies of shore protection structures in the reservoirs of the Vilia-Minsk water system are given, the current state of various types of fastenings is assessed with the reasons for their destruction and the extent of deformation. The article presents the results of field observations of coastal shelter-type structures. It is shown that the most common anchorages of banks and slopes is to protect the surface of slopes in the form of reinforced monolithic or precast slabs. It is determined that the deformations of the slope anchorages are most often represented by the opening of inter-tile construction, temperature and sedimentary seams (the opening width is registered to 0.35 m) which develop under the complex influence of wind waves, fluctuations in levels and other factors. Subsequently, the deformation of the exposed seams lead to the destruction of the attachment. Experimentally, on the basis of physical modeling of deformations of slopes made in the hydrotechnical laboratory of the Belarusian National University on models of soil supporting structures protected by reinforced concrete fastening, it was established that as a result of opening the seams of the plates, the sand-gravel preparation and the formation of sinuses and niches in the body of the support structure occur , which leads to significant processing of the ground slope. The coastal protection structures of the active type in the form of laid and beach slopes are considered. The dependencies on the calculation of slope deformations are obtained on the basis of a generalization of the data of field observations.

Deformations Of Fastenings Of Slopes Of Retaining Structures At Technological Purpose Reservoirs

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-72
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Retaining Structures ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slabs ◽  
Equilibrium Profile ◽  
Protection Structures

The article presents the data of field, laboratory and theoretical studies, which made it possible to determine that processing, abrasion destruction of natural shores and loose upstream slopes of dams and enclosing structures, takes place on technological water bodies of Belarus - regardless of their economic use - technical, drinking water supply, regulation of runoff, energy, land reclamation, etc. The period of development of the processing process and the formation of the equilibrium profile is divided into a number of time periods (stages). Three stages are distinguished for the conditions of water bodies in Belarus: initial, intense dynamics and attenuation (equilibrium). Based on the data of field surveys of shore protection structures, the current state of various types of fasteners is assessed with the identification of the causes of their destruction and the extent of deformations. It has been established that the most common shore and slope fastenings are fastenings in the form of reinforced concrete monolithic or prefabricated plates. It is determined that the most widespread are the deformations of the fastenings in the form of the disclosure of inter-tile construction, temperature and settlement joints. As a result of opening the joints of the plates, the destruction and washing out of the sand and gravel bed, the formation of hollows and niches in the body of the slope with its subsequent processing, deformation and destruction of the fastening take place. It should be noted that the destruction of the fastening also occurs in stages, and the stages of the destruction of the fastening coincide with the staging of the processing of loose ground slopes. Based on the data of full-scale and experimental laboratory studies, scientifically substantiated criteria for assessing the stability of soil slopes and slopes with fastening by reinforced concrete slabs are proposed, which can be used to predict the state of designed and operated shore protection structures and fastening slopes. An enlarged methodology has been developed for assessing the risks abrasion of coasts and slopes of retaining structures based on the proposed territorial coefficient of abrasion risk, a mathematical factor model of risk based on the fault tree, and also an experimental electronic map of the risks of abrasion for the conditions of water bodies in the Minsk region of Belarus are developed.

Performance of Light Coastal Structures Under Normal and High Water Conditions

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Kamphuis
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Protection Structures

A number of lightweight coastal protection structures, built on the Lake Erie shore are discussed in this paper. There were two constraints on the design; limited funds and a very precarious downdrift beach. Thus the structures were inexpensive and the protection was low-key to prevent damage downdrift. In 1972–1974 these structures were subjected to a combination of large waves and high water levels and thus they were tested well beyond their design limits.The paper discusses the structures, their performance under normal conditions, and their performance during and after the abnormally high water levels. It is found that inexpensive, low-key structures are sufficiently strong to survive normal conditions, but fail by overtopping and flanking under conditions beyond their low design limits.

scholarly journals Current condition of coastal protection structures of Meulaboh, Westcoast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
W B Setyawan ◽  
E Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Erosion Hazard ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
2004 Tsunami ◽  
The City ◽  
Protection Structures

Abstract Meulaboh is coastal city that has tourism potential. The city has been facing coastal erosion hazard since a long time from high energy wave activity coming from Indian Ocean. To protect the coast from the erosion hazard, a coastal defence structures were built along the city’s coast overlooking the Indian Ocean. Before the 2004 tsunami, hard structures built on the coast that open to waves from the Indian Ocean were damaged by daily wave activity. This study assess effectiveness of the current coastal protection structures protect coastline in the three coastal segments of the city, namely the Padang Seurahet, Ujung Karang and Kampung Pasir, in order to find out if the construction of the structures is the right choice. Related to the tourism potential of Meulaboh City also studied the possibility to expand the function of the structures. The coastal protection structures data for this study were mainly obtained from field observations in June 2021. Effectiveness of the structures protecting coastline were analysed based on technical criteria. Meanwhile, possibility to expand the function of the structures were analysed according to environmental condition of the coastal segments and types of tourism activity. The results of this study show that the hard structure that now exists on Meulaboh coast can protect the city’s coast from the hazard of erosion without negatively impacting the surrounding coastline. In addition, the structure is considered to be expandable to support the development of tourism potential of Meulaboh City. Thus it can be conclude that the choice of hard structure for coastal protection in most of Meulaboh coastline is appropriate.

STIFFNESS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES UNDER BENDING WITH TRANSVERSE AND LONGITUDINAL FORCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
VL.I. KOLCHUNOV ◽  
◽  
O.I. AL-HASHIMI ◽  
M.V. PROTCHENKO ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Local Shear ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inclined Cracks ◽  
Opening Width

The authors developed a model for single reinforced concrete strips in block wedge and arches between inclined cracks and approximated rectangular cross-sections using small squares in matrix elements. From the analysis of the works of N.I. Karpenko and S.N. Karpenko the "nagel" forces in the longitudinal tensile reinforcement and crack slip , as a function of the opening width and concrete deformations in relation to the cosine of the angle . The experimental " nagel " forces and crack slip dependences for the connection between and in the form of an exponent for the reinforcement deformations and spacing are determined. The forces have been calculated for two to three cross-sections (single composite strips) of reinforced concrete structures. On the bases of accepted hypothesis, a new effect of reinforced concrete and a joint modulus in a strip of composite single local shear zone for the difference of mean relative linear and angular deformations of mutual displacements of concrete (or reinforcement) are developed. The hypothesis allows one to reduce the order of the system of differential equations of Rzhanitsyn and to obtain in each joint the total angular deformations of concrete and the "nagel" effect of reinforcement. The curvature of the composite bars has a relationship from the total bending moment of the bars to the sum of the rigidities. The stiffness physical characteristics of the matrix from the compressed concrete area and the working reinforcement are obtained in a system of equations of equilibrium and deformation, as well as physical equations.

Investigation of Seawater Exchange Rate for Coastal Protection Structures

APAC 2019 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 907-912
Author(s):  
K. Shim ◽  
K. Kim ◽  
B. Shin ◽  
G. Jung ◽  
J. Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Seawater Exchange ◽  
Protection Structures
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