Association between Allelic Variations of -174G/C Polymorphism of Interleukin-6 Gene and Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder in Iraqi Patients

This study designed to examine association between-174G/C polymorphism of interleukin-6 gene and phosphate, calcium, vitamin D3, and parathyroid hormone levels in Iraqi patient with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis. Seventy chronic renal failure patients (patients group) and 20 healthy subjects (control group) were genotyped for interleukin-6 polymorphism and genotyping was performed by conventional polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. No significant differences in phosphate levels were observed in patients and control with different interleukin-6 genotypes. Control had non-significant differences in calcium levels, while patients with GG and CG genotypes displayed significant elevation with time. Conversely, control and patients with GG and CC genotypes had significant elevation in vitamin D3 levels with time. Regarding parathyroid hormone, control had non-significant differences, while patients with GG and CC genotypes displayed significant elevation with time. Patients with GG genotype displayed significant changes in calcium, vitamin D3 and parathyroid hormone levels with time.

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Strain-specific alterations in the skeletal response to adenine-induced chronic kidney disease are associated with differences in parathyroid hormone levels

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2021.115963 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 115963

Author(s):

Corinne E. Metzger ◽

Elizabeth A. Swallow ◽

Alexander J. Stacy ◽

Matthew R. Allen

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Hormone Levels

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Serum intact parathyroid hormone levels in cats with chronic kidney disease

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2013000200015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 229-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Luciano H. Giovaninni ◽

Marcia M. Kogika ◽

Marcio D. Lustoza ◽

Archivaldo Reche Junior ◽

Vera A.B.F. Wirthl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Control Group ◽

Intact Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Acid Base ◽

Acid Base Status ◽

Serum Ionized Calcium ◽

Progression Of Renal Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently observed in cats and it is characterized as a multisystemic illness, caused by several underlying metabolic changes, and secondary renal hyperparathyroidism (SRHPT) is relatively common; usually it is associated with the progression of renal disease and poor prognosis. This study aimed at determining the frequency of SRHPT, and discussing possible mechanisms that could contribute to the development of SRHPT in cats at different stages of CKD through the evaluation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, as well as acid-base status. Forty owned cats with CKD were included and divided into three groups, according to the stages of the disease, classified according to the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) as Stage II (n=12), Stage III (n=22) and Stage IV (n=6). Control group was composed of 21 clinically healthy cats. Increased serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentrations were observed in most CKD cats in all stages, and mainly in Stage IV, which hyperphosphatemia and ionized hypocalcemia were detected and associated to the cause for the development of SRHPT. In Stages II and III, however, ionized hypercalcemia was noticed suggesting that the development of SRHPT might be associated with other factors, and metabolic acidosis could be involved to the increase of serum ionized calcium. Therefore, causes for the development of SRHPT seem to be multifactorial and they must be further investigated, mainly in the early stages of CKD in cats, as hyperphosphatemia and ionized hypocalcemia could not be the only factors involved.

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Parathyroid Hormone Fragments: New Targets for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/9619253 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huimin Chen ◽

Xiaxia Han ◽

Ying Cui ◽

Yangfan Ye ◽

Yogendranath Purrunsing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Vital Role ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Mineral And Bone Disorder ◽

Bone Disorder ◽

Calcium Phosphorus ◽

Further Development ◽

Made In

As a common disorder, chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a great threat to human health. Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a complication of CKD characterized by disturbances in the levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D; abnormal bone formation affecting the mineralization and linear growth of bone; and vascular and soft tissue calcification. PTH reflects the function of the parathyroid gland and also takes part in the metabolism of minerals. The accurate measurement of PTH plays a vital role in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Previous studies have shown that there are different fragments of PTH in the body’s circulation, causing antagonistic effects on bone and the kidney. Here we review the metabolism of PTH fragments; the progress being made in PTH measurement assays; the effects of PTH fragments on bone, kidney, and the cardiovascular system in CKD; and the predictive value of PTH measurement in assessing the effectiveness of parathyroidectomy (PTX). We hope that this review will help to clarify the value of accurate PTH measurements in CKD-MBD and promote the further development of multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment.

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Should We Consider the Cardiovascular System While Evaluating CKD-MBD?

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins12030140 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 140 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Merita Rroji ◽

Andreja Figurek ◽

Goce Spasovski

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Mineral And Bone Disorder ◽

Disease Modifying Drugs ◽

Potential Association ◽

Bone Disorder ◽

Risk Of Progression ◽

Disease Modifying ◽

Cv Disease

Cardiovascular (CV) disease is highly prevalent in the population with chronic kidney disease (CKD), where the risk of CV death in early stages far exceeds the risk of progression to dialysis. The presence of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) has shown a strong correlation with CV events and mortality. As a non-atheromatous process, it could be partially explained why standard CV disease-modifying drugs do not provide such an impact on CV mortality in CKD as observed in the general population. We summarize the potential association of CV comorbidities with the older (parathyroid hormone, phosphate) and newer (FGF23, Klotho, sclerostin) CKD-MBD biomarkers.

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Correlation between Intact Parathyroid Hormone Levels and Subperiosteal Erosion toward Phalanx Manus and Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Level in Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development ◽

10.5958/0976-5506.2019.00870.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1178

Author(s):

Djoko Santoso ◽

Nurita Indarwulan ◽

Nunuk Mardiana

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase Level ◽

Intact Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Hormone Levels ◽

Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase

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Relationship between vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone levels and bone mineral density in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4

Nephrology ◽

10.1111/j.1440-1797.2007.00860.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 070918212946008-??? ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ARISTEIDIS STAVROULOPOULOS ◽

CHRISTINE J PORTER ◽

SIMON D ROE ◽

DAVID J HOSKING ◽

MICHAEL JD CASSIDY

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Hormone Levels ◽

Disease Stages

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The Correlation between Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate and Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Predialysis-chronic Kidney Disease Adult Patients at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (B) ◽

pp. 470-474

Author(s):

Sianny Herawati ◽

Yenny Kandarini ◽

I Putu Yuda Prabawa

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Glomerular Filtration ◽

General Hospital ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Hormone Levels

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a structural or functional kidney disease for more than 3 months. In predialysis CKD patients, the serum parathyroid hormone levels increase progressively since the early stages of the disease to maintain phosphate homeostasis. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has been widely accepted to assess renal function. The GFR assessment is used to determine the CKD stadium. AIM: This study aims to analyze the correlation between GFR and parathyroid hormone levels in predialysis CKD patients undergoing treatment at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among predialysis CKD patients undergoing treatment at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were adult patients (≥18 years) who were accepting to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria were patients with predialysis CKD after thyroidectomy and/or parathyroidectomy and liver disease. The parathyroid hormone levels, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and GFR were examined and analyzed by SPSS version 17 for Windows. RESULTS: A total of 77 patients with predialysis CKD in this study obtained a median of e-GFR of 21.09 (4.72–75.80) mL/min/1.73 m2. The median level of parathyroid hormone was 82.07 pg/mL (15.83–716.60 pg/mL). Spearman’s correlation analysis results obtained a strong and significant negative correlation between the e-GFR value and parathyroid hormone levels (r = −0.540; p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: The parathyroid hormone levels assessment could be used as a recommendation in evaluating the CKD progressivity among predialysis adult patients at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, due to the strong significant correlation.

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Pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder

10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0117 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandra Voinescu ◽

Nadia Wasi Iqbal ◽

Kevin J. Martin

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Mineral And Bone Disorder ◽

Vitamin D Metabolism ◽

Bone Disorder ◽

Calcium Phosphorus

Chronic kidney disease is associated with the inability to control normal mineral homeostasis, resulting in abnormalities in serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and vitamin D metabolism. These disturbances lead to the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism, skeletal abnormalities, vascular calcifications, and other systemic manifestations. Traditionally, mineral and bone abnormalities seen in chronic kidney disease were included in the term ‘renal osteodystrophy’. More recently, the term chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder was introduced to define the biochemical abnormalities of phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, FGF23, calcium, or vitamin D metabolism, abnormalities in bone remodelling and mineralization, and vascular or other soft tissue calcifications.

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Severe Hypocalcemia and Dramatic Increase in Parathyroid Hormone after Denosumab in a Dialysis Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Case Reports in Nephrology ◽

10.1155/2019/3027419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ravinder D. Bhanot ◽

Jasleen Kaur ◽

Zeenat Bhat

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Side Effect ◽

Calcium Supplementation ◽

Human Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Limited Information ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Mineral And Bone Disorder

Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is frequently present in advanced stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with high risk of fracture and elevated socioeconomic burden. Denosumab, an injectable human monoclonal antibody with affinity for nuclear factor-kappa ligand (RANKL), is an effective treatment for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men. Unlike the bisphosphonates, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of denosumab are not influenced by the renal function and are being increasingly used for patients having CKD-MBD with low bone mineral density (BMD) to reduce the risk of fragility fractures. Hypocalcemia is a known side effect of this drug along with compensatory increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH). However, limited information is available in the literature regarding this potentially life-threatening side effect with denosumab in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis. We present a patient with ESRD on peritoneal dialysis who developed severe symptomatic hypocalcemia and dramatic increase in PTH following denosumab therapy. She was conservatively managed with calcium supplementation and appropriate adjustment in calcium dialysate. We have also reviewed the literature on the use of denosumab in dialysis patients and looked at additional factors that may precipitate severe hypocalcemia in these patients. We believe that denosumab should be used with caution in dialysis patients since it may lead to profound hypocalcemia. Clinicians should ensure special attention in recognizing patients at risk of developing this serious adverse effect, so that prompt treatment and preventive strategies can be implemented.

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