scholarly journals PEREMPUAN DALAM JERAT TERORISME: ANALISIS MOTIVASI PELAKU BOM BUNUH DIRI DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Kasanah
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Suicide Bombers

Recent acts of terrorism have experienced a shift in perpetrators. If all this time women were only behind the scenes, now they have started to show themselves as main actors such as weapons providers, bomb builders and even suicide bombers. The women involved as perpetrators are actually victims of the snares of terrorism. This paper aims to analyze what are the motivations behind women who are entangled in the vortex of terrorism so that they are willing to become suicide bombers. The results of the study found at least six factors that caused women to be willing to become combatants, namely the occurrence of jihad indoctrination deviations, the lure of going to heaven, married by terrorist, discriminated feeling, frustrated feeling so that suicide bombing is a shortcut to repentance and revenge for being victims of sexual harassment.Key word: women, terrorism, suicide bombing

The Threat of Suicide Terrorism

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Sophia Moskalenko ◽  
Clark McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Suicide Terrorism ◽  
Suicide Bomber ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
The Difference

This chapter evaluates the moral threat of suicide terrorism. Political and psychological resilience to the threat of suicide bombing requires understanding the difference between suicide bombers and true martyrs. A martyr’s political power comes from the indisputable evidence—the martyr’s own suffering at the hands of the powerful—that the powerful are corrupt and unjust. This evidence is tainted if the would-be martyr indulges in provocation, aggression, or retaliation. The authors offer three directions that can help boost Western political resilience in facing suicide bombers, emphasizing the importance of clearly understanding the definitions of martyr, victim, suicide bomber, and terrorist and how perceptions can be changed in the immediate aftermath of an attack or an uprising.

How are Suicide Bombers Analysed in Mental Health Discourse? A Critical Anthropological Reading

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-393
Author(s):  
Neil K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Suicide Bomber ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Mental Health Literature ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Health Discourse ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper complicates the notion of the suicide bomber as represented in mental health literature. Most authors apply Western psychiatric concepts to understand suicide bombers without accounting for value differences around life and death or terrorism and martyrdom. Accordingly, these researchers replicate arguments to explain individual behaviour from a particular epistemological perspective. In contrast, critical approaches to this literature can expose the worldviews of the analysers and the analysed to devise sounder interpretations. This paper scrutinises mental health discourse on suicide bombing to ask: (1) What do we learn about the authors of suicide bombers in these articles? (2) How do their analyses demonstrate the relationship between knowledge and power? These conclusions can enable researchers to reduce biases and devise behavioural models that more accurately reflect the realities of their subjects.

scholarly journals Care of victims of suicide bombing

2018 ◽  
pp. S184-S187
Author(s):  
Raymond L. Kao ◽  
Vivian C. McAlister
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Postexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Tissue Identification ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Preservation Of Evidence

Suicide bombers often target crowds. This commentary discusses the additional features required in a medical response beyond conventional mass casualty care, including forensic documentation, preservation of evidence, suspect tissue identification and viral status, victim counselling and postexposure prophylaxis. We propose a pathway for care of victims of a suicide bomb, adapting elements from protocols for child abuse, sexual assault and needle-stick exposure.

scholarly journals Human Capital and the Productivity of Suicide Bombers

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efraim Benmelech ◽  
Claude Berrebi
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Suicide Attacks ◽  
Unique Dataset

This paper studies the relation between the human capital of suicide bombers and the outcomes of their suicide attacks. We argue that human capital is an important factor in the production of terrorism and that if terrorists behave rationally, we should observe that more able suicide bombers are assigned to more important targets. To validate the theoretical predictions and estimate the returns to human capital in suicide bombing, we use a unique dataset detailing the biographies of Palestinian suicide bombers, the targets they attack, and the number of people that they kill and injure. Our empirical analysis suggests that older and more educated suicide bombers are being assigned by their terror organization to more important targets. We find that more educated and older suicide bombers are less likely to fail in their mission and are more likely to cause increased casualties when they attack.

Rethinking Suicide Bombing

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Background Current ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Anthropological Literature

Background: Current issues in the emerging psychiatric literature on suicide bombing tend to center around the pathologies of suicide bombers and the role of psychiatry as an adequate tool for analysis. Aims: Attention to broader social science research may allow mental health professionals to develop more accurate models of behavior to explain and possibly prevent future attacks. Methods: The psychiatric literature on suicide bombing was reviewed and compared to similar anthropological literature. Results: A probe into the methodologies of researching suicide bombing, definitions of “war” and “terrorism”, and beliefs on life, death, homicide, and suicide demonstrate that most of the psychiatric literature reflects a particular perspective which aspires towards a certain universalism. Conclusions: Anthropological approaches can disclose standpoints taken for granted since any interventions with respect to suicide bombing must eventually account for values which are ultimately culturally determined.

scholarly journals MARTYRDOM AND THE PROCESS OF RADICALISATION AMONG YOUNG MUSLIMS IN INDONESIA: SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY PERSPECTIVE

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syafiq
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Suicide Attacks

The phenomena of suicide attacks targeting overseas people or properties in Indonesia carried out by Indonesian young Muslim seem to be elusive. Different to Palestinian and Middle Eastern contexts where acute conflicts are taking place, there were no celebrations to martyrdom in Indonesia. Majority of Indonesian Muslims not only reject suicide bombing or martyrdom but also condemn it. Indonesian suicide bombers' families, that is not like those of Palestinian martyrs, were not proud of their member's deed and will not get pride from their neighbourhood. They will not get financial advantages because of family's member sacrifice as well. So, what are the reasons that make Indonesian  young Muslims chose to die as a martyr? This article aims to explain the process of radicalisation among young Muslims and reveals the causes and backgrounds of young martyrs in Indonesia based on Social Identity Theory (SIT). Findings of many studies on religious motivated violent attacks are used as comparisons.

scholarly journals The Assassins: ancestors of modern Muslim suicide bombers?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Salam Abdulqadir Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Strong Belief ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

This article examines the methods and motivations of suicide assassination of the Assassins and draws similarity between them and modern Muslim suicide bombers. Current literature about suicide bombing often focuses on socio, economic and political factors and describes it as a revenge for injustice and bad conditions of life in general. This article does not deny the fact that there can be multiple motives and factors behind the individuals who commit acts of suicide bombing and that there are always political gains for the organisers, however it highlights the main driving force which is religion and a strong belief in the afterlife pleasure that motivates individuals to end their lives and the lives of others. This article attempts to find ancestors for modern Muslim suicide bombers in an order called the Assassins lived from the eleventh to thirteenth centuries. The significance of this finding lies in the fact that there is something deep about suicide bombing; the Assassins lived in an environment very different from ours, yet they practiced suicide assassinations for a very long time. Agents of the Assassins were going through a long process of indoctrination and they were motivated by Paradise upon death. In this article the history of this order is reviewed while their assassination activity is underscored. The article brings some examples from modern suicide bombers and highlights their similarities to the Assassins. It relies on the secondary sources available about the subject. One finding is that there might be political gains for the organisers of suicide assassination or suicide bombing but for the individuals committing the act it is more the idea of Paradise and afterlife pleasure that drive them toward it. Thereby this article has its own contribution to the literature by makes recommendation to how to fight the root of this problem.

Attitudes Toward Suicide Bombing In Pakistan

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Faraz Kazim ◽  
Zarmeneh Aly ◽  
Haider Khan Bangash ◽  
Bhisham Pardeep Harchandani ◽  
Affan Bin Irfan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Attitudes Toward Suicide ◽  
Larger Sample

Although suicide bombing is a historical phenomenon, there has been a recent upsurge in such incidents. In Pakistan, over the last year, more than 1,000 people have been killed in suicide bombing incidents. Assessing the attitudes and perceptions of people toward suicide bombing can help understand some of the root causes of this phenomenon. In this pilot study, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of people (N = 215) in Karachi, Pakistan, to assess their attitudes and perceptions toward suicide bombing. The majority of the respondents condemned suicide bombing and disagreed with the notion that Islam or any other religion supports it. Belonging to the Sunni Muslim sect and strong adherence to religion predicted support for suicide bombing. The majority believed suicide bombing to be a result of religious fundamentalism. Opinion was divided as to whether suicide bombers have an underlying psychiatric illness. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine the attitudes and perceptions of the Pakistani population regarding this important issue.

Suicidal protests: Self-immolation, hunger strikes, or suicide bombing

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Hunger Strike ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Persuasive Argument ◽  
Self Immolation

AbstractFollowing Lankford's persuasive argument that suicide bombers are indeed suicidal, the next question to ask is why individuals choose one form of suicidal protest over others. Why choose suicide bombing rather than a hunger strike or self-immolation? Some suggestions are provided.

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