Asphaltene Deposition and Removal in Flowlines and Mitigation by Effective Functional Molecules

SPE Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 771-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taniya Kar ◽  
Khosrow Naderi ◽  
Abbas Firoozabadi
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Aromatic Solvent ◽  
Toluene Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Asphaltene Deposition ◽  
Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid

Summary Efficient removal of deposited asphaltenes on the surface of metallic flowlines by functional molecules is investigated by nonionic and ionic surfactants at low concentrations. Deposition removal by aromatic solvent toluene is measured as a reference. Water is often coproduced with crude oil and may affect deposition of asphaltenes and removal. In this study, we investigate the effect of water in both asphaltene deposition and removal by functional molecules. Two different crudes from different fields that give rise to serious asphaltene deposition are extensively investigated. For these two crudes, we find one ionic and one nonionic surfactant to be effective in deposition removal at 1 wt% concentration in the crude. This concentration is much lower than that of the commonly studied acidic dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) surfactant. Toluene concentration in the crude varies from 40 to 60 wt% for asphaltene deposition removal. Water delays deposition significantly. However, water does not have an appreciable effect on performance of functional molecules on removal of deposited asphaltenes.

Effectiveness of Commercial Disinfectants for Inactivating Hepatitis A Virus on Agri-Food Surfaces

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. JEAN ◽  
J.-F. VACHON ◽  
O. MORONI ◽  
A. DARVEAU ◽  
I. KUKAVICA-IBRULJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
High Concentrations

Six commercial disinfectants were tested for their efficacy in inactivating hepatitis A virus in solution or attached to agri-food surfaces. Disinfectant I contains 10% quaternary ammonium plus 5% glutaraldehyde;disinfectant II contains 12% sodium hypochlorite; disinfectant III contains 2.9% dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid plus 16% phosphoric acid; disinfectant IV contains 10% quaternary ammonium; disinfectant V contains 2% iodide; and disinfectant VI contains 2% stabilized chlorine dioxide. Among these, disinfectants I and II were shown to be the most effective in inactivating hepatitis A virus in solution. The efficacy of these disinfectants was further tested against hepatitis A virus attached to common agri-food surfaces, including polyvinyl chlorine, high-density polyethylene, aluminum, stainless steel, and copper. Disinfectant II was shown to be the most effective, with a maximum inactivation level of about 3 log10. The inactivation efficacy was shown to be affected by the concentration of the active ingredient, the contact time between the disinfectant and the contaminated surfaces, and the incubation temperature. In general, hepatitis A virus was shown to be highly resistant to most disinfectants tested, and high concentrations of active ingredient were needed to achieve acceptable inactivation levels.

scholarly journals In-situ polymerization of EDOT in water/methanol with different DBSA contents

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Fu Chen ◽  
Chi-an Dai ◽  
Wen-Yen Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Spin Coating ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Morphology Of Films ◽  
Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid

AbstractIn this work, poly(3-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was synthesized on glass by spin coating for 10 seconds at 500 rpm and polymerization was carried out in an oven at 110°C for 10 min. Methanol and water mixture were used as the solvent and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) as the surfactant. The conductivities of films were measured and their relationship with different solvent or various surfactant contents were discussed. The morphology of films was observed by SEM, and PEDOT synthesized in methanol-rich solvents or with less DBSA content had more smooth surfaces, showed lower degradation temperature (by TGA). Also, PEDOT synthesized in methanol-rich solvents or with less DBSA were doped better, as observed by UV-Vis spectra.

Effective Removal of Asphaltene Deposition in Metal-Capillary Tubes

SPE Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (05) ◽  
pp. 1747-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. Hashmi ◽  
Abbas Firoozabadi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acid ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Asphaltene Precipitation ◽  
Aromatic Solvent ◽  
Benzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Asphaltene Deposition ◽  
Petroleum Fluid

Summary We describe asphaltene deposition and removal processes in metal capillaries. We induce asphaltene precipitation by adding an asphaltene precipitant, heptane, to a petroleum fluid. The mixture is then injected through a laboratory-scale capillary and allowed to deposit. We assess the reversal of the deposition by means of the use of two separate chemical treatments: (1) a strong organic acid surfactant and (2) an aromatic solvent. The strong organic acid surfactant, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), was shown to completely dissolve asphaltenes by means of acid-base chemistry reactions at heteroatomic sites on the asphaltene molecules. We investigate the use of DBSA as an efficient removal agent, injecting it in a mixture of petroleum fluid after the deposit was already formed. An aromatic solvent, toluene, is also investigated in such a fashion to assess its ability in removing deposited asphaltenes. We find that DBSA can effectively remove asphaltene deposits within one pore-volume (PV) of injection and at concentrations roughly ten times less than that required by an aromatic solvent such as toluene. To the best of our knowledge, our current study is the first laboratory-scale investigation with surfactant chemicals to reverse asphaltene deposition in capillaries.

Hydrogen Bonding Effects on the Electrical Properties and Phase Morphology of Polyaniline Blends

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-423
Author(s):  
Pan Wei ◽  
Yang Shenglin ◽  
Li Guang ◽  
Jiang Jianming
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Cluster Size ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Solution Cast ◽  
Doped Polyaniline ◽  
Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Copolymer

Blends of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid-doped polyaniline (PANI-DBSA) with either polyacrylonitrile copolymer (PAN) or polystyrene (PS) were solution cast. The investigation focused on the interaction between the components, the morphology and the resulting electrical conductivity of blends. The results showed that with the same PANI-DBSA content the conductivity of PANI-DBSA/PAN was higher than that of PANI-DBSA/PS. PANI-DBSA was dispersed uniformly in the PAN matrix and its cluster size was rather smaller than in the PS matrix. This is attributed to hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl groups in PAN and the imine groups in PANI, which should lead to better compatibility between PANI-DBSA and PAN.

scholarly journals Mesomorphic Phase Behavior in Comb-like Polymer- Surfactant Complex

e-Polymers ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isamu Akiba ◽  
Hiroyasu Masunaga ◽  
Shouichi Murata ◽  
Kanako Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Optical Anisotropy ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ethyl Acrylate ◽  
Lamellar Phase ◽  
Surfactant Complex ◽  
Lamellar Morphology ◽  
Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Polymer Surfactant

AbstractIt was found that a comb-like complex consisting of poly[2-(N,Ndimethylamino) ethyl acrylate] (PDAEA) and p-dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) formed mesomorphically ordered lamellar phase at room temperature where PDAEA and DBSA are in molten state. The lamellar phase shows optical anisotropy, although the individual components are always isotropic. In addition it is found that the optical anisotropy of the PDAEA-DBSA complex completely disappears with accompanying order-disorder transition of the lamellar morphology with elevating temperature.

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