Reservoir Engineering Optimized Techniques and Applications Research in Initial Development Stage of a Super Shallow Sea Marginal Oil Field

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yu ◽  
Y. Ren ◽  
Y. Zhou ◽  
D. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Development Stage ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Reservoir Engineering ◽  
Shallow Sea ◽  
Initial Development

Prognostic criteria for Polar Lows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Vazaeva ◽  
Otto Chkhetiani ◽  
Michael Kurgansky
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Polar Lows ◽  
Prognostic Criteria ◽  
Main Challenge

<p>Polar lows (PLs) are important mesoscale (horizontal diameter up to 1000 km) maritime weather systems at high latitudes, forming pole ward from the polar front. We consider the possible prognostic criteria of PLs, in particular, the kinematic helicity as a quadratic characteristic related to the integral vortex formations and the kinematic vorticity number (KVN). To calculate such characteristics we use reanalysis data and the results of numerical simulation with the WRF-ARW model (Version 4.1.) for the PLs over the Nordic (Norwegian and Barents) seas. For comparison, experimental data are used.</p><p>Our estimate of helicity is based on the connection of an integral helicity (IH) in the Ekman layer with the geostrophic wind velocity, due to the good correlation between IH and half the sum of the wind velocity squared. We have chosen IH averaged over preselected area covering the locality of PLs genesis. This area was moving along with the centre of PL during the numerical simulation.</p><p>The genesis of PLs can be divided into three stages: (i) an initial development stage, in which a number of small vortices appear in a shear zone; (ii) a late development stage, characterized by the merger of vortices; (iii) a mature stage, in which only a single PL is present. Approximately one day before PL formation, a significant increase in helicity was observed. The average helicity bulk density of large-scale motions has values of 0.3 – 0.4 ms<sup>-2</sup>. The local changes in helicity are adjacent to the front side of the PLs. The IH criterion described facilitates the identification of the PLs genesis area. For a more detailed analysis of the PL genesis, it is recommended to apply KVN, which is the additional indicator of PL size and intensity. At the moment of maximum intensity of PLs KVN can reach values of 12 – 14 units. The advantage of using KVN is also in its clear change directly in the centre of the emerging PLs, which allows to precisely indicates the limits of the most intense part of PLs.</p><p>The main challenge is to make the operational forecast of PLs possible through the selection of the prognostic integral characteristics of PLs, sufficient for PLs identification and for analysis of their size and intensity in a convenient, usable and understandable way. The criteria associated with vorticity and helicity are reflected in the PLs genesis and development quite clearly. At this time, such a claim is only a hypothesis, which must be tested using a larger set of cases. Future work will need to extend these analyses to other active PL basins. Also, it would be interesting to compare the representation of PLs by using any other criteria. It is intended to use our combined criteria as a precursor to machine learning-based PLs identification procedure where satellite image analysis and capture of particular cloud patterns are currently applied in most of the cases. It would eliminate the time consuming first stage of collecting data sets.</p><p>This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-17-00248).</p>

scholarly journals Efecto de medicamentos homeopáticos en plantas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Fernando Abasolo Pacheco ◽  
Boris Bonilla Montalván ◽  
Cesar Bermeo Toledo ◽  
Yarelys Ferrer Sánchez ◽  
Andy Jafet Ramirez Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Development Stages

Agrochemical use in horticultural cultivations generates negative effects, thus the need for searching to decrease or eliminate its use by means of other less toxic techniques. Agricultural homeopathy represents an alternative for ecological agriculture, impacting positively in cultivation development. The effect of four homeopathic medicines for human use were assessed in two centesimal dynamizations (7CH and 13CH) [(Silicea Terra (SiT), Natrum muriaticum (NaM), Zincum phosphoricum (ZiP) and Phosphoricum acidum (PhA)], and a control treatment (distilled water) on tomato plant germination, emergence, and initial development. The treatments were established under a randomized complete block design with three repiclates. Germination and emergence rate and percentage and morphometric variables (plant height, radicle length, dry and wet weight) were assessed, including the variables in stem diameter and wet and dry leaf weight, number of branches, leaves, and buds in the vegetative development stage. Signif icant differences were observed in all the morphometric variables assessed in function of the different development stages, homeopathic medicines, and their different dynamizations. During germination, greater growth in stem length was observed with ZiP-7CH (5.5 ± 0.98 cm) compared to the control group (4.3 ± 1.10 cm). During the emergence stage, the treatments SiT-7CH (6.6 ± 1.11 cm) and ZiP-7CH (5.9 ± 1.41 cm) increased stem length signif icantly whereas with PhA-7CH, the best effects were obtained in the variables assessed during the vegetative development stage, LT (94 ± 8.31 cm), leaf number (No hojas) (131 ± 27.71), fresh stem biomass (BFT) (17.20 ± 2.45 g), wet leaf biomass (BFH) (30 ± 7.72 g), dry leaf biomass (BSH) (2 ± 0.61 g), fresh root biomass (BFR) (10 ± 6.26 g), dry root biomass (BSR) (1 ± 0.43 g), and number of flower buds (No H) (6 ± 7.10). The homeopathic medicines applied impacted positively during the initial and vegetative development stages of tomato under controlled conditions. This research study represents and advance in the sustainable management of tomato cultivation.

The Emerald Field, Blocks 2/10a, 2/15a, 3/11b, UK North Sea

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Stewart ◽  
A. J. G. Faulkner
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Flexible Risers ◽  
Northern North Sea ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Gas Lift

AbstractThe Emerald Oil Field lies in Blocks 2/10a, 2/15a and 3/1 lb in the UK sector of the northern North Sea. The field is located on the 'Transitional Shelf, an area on the western flank of the Viking Graben, downfaulted from the East Shetland Platform. The first well was drilled on the structure in 1978. Subsequently, a further seven wells have been drilled to delineate the field.The Emerald Field is an elongate dip and fault closed structure subparallel to the local NW-SE regional structural trend. the 'Emerald Sandstone' forms the main reservoir of the field and comprises a homogeneous transgressive unit of Callovian to Bathonian age, undelain by tilted Precambrian and Devonian Basement Horst blocks. Sealing is provided by siltstones and shales of the overlying Healther and Kimmeridge Clay Formations. The reservoir lies at depths between 5150-5600 ft, and wells drilled to date have encountered pay thicknesses of 42-74 ft. Where the sandstone is hydrocarbon bearing, it has a 100% net/ gross ratio. Porosities average 28% and permeabilities lie in the range 0-1 to 1.3 darcies. Wireline and test data indicate that the field contains a continouous oil column of 200 ft. Three distinct structural culminations exist on and adjacent to the field, which give rise to three separate gas caps, centred around wells 2/10a-4, 2/10a-7 and 2/10a-6 The maximum flow rate achieved from the reservoir to date is 6822 BOPD of 24° API oil with a GOR of 300 SCF/STBBL. In-place hydrocarbons are estimated to be 216 MMBBL of oil and 61 BCF of gas, with an estimated 43 MMBBL of oil recoverable by the initial development plan. initial development drilling began in Spring 1989 and the development scheme will use a floating production system. Production to the facility, via flexible risers, is from seven pre-drilled deviated wells with gas lift. An additional four pre-drilled water injection wells will provide reservoir pressure support.

scholarly journals Improved Compact Cuckoo Search Algorithm Applied to Location of Drone Logistics Hub

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeng-Shyang Pan ◽  
Pei-Cheng Song ◽  
Shu-Chuan Chu ◽  
Yan-Jun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cuckoo Search ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Cuckoo Search Algorithm ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Village

Drone logistics can play an important role in logistics at the end of the supply chain and special environmental logistics. At present, drone logistics is in the initial development stage, and the location of drone logistics hubs is an important issue in the optimization of logistics systems. This paper implements a compact cuckoo search algorithm with mixed uniform sampling technology, and, for the problem of weak search ability of the algorithm, this paper combines the method of recording the key positions of the search process and increasing the number of generated solutions to achieve further improvements, as well as implements the improved compact cuckoo search algorithm. Then, this paper uses 28 test functions to verify the algorithm. Aiming at the problem of the location of drone logistics hubs in remote areas or rural areas, this paper establishes a simple model that considers the traffic around the village, the size of the village, and other factors. It is suitable for selecting the location of the logistics hub in advance, reducing the cost of drone logistics, and accelerating the large-scale application of drone logistics. This paper uses the proposed algorithm for testing, and the test results indicate that the proposed algorithm has strong competitiveness in the proposed model.

The Role of Shearwise and Transverse Quasigeostrophic Vertical Motions in the Midlatitude Cyclone Life Cycle

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 1174-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Vertical Shear ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Motion Field ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Frontal Zones ◽  
Oriented Parallel

Abstract The total quasigeostrophic (QG) vertical motion field is partitioned into transverse and shearwise couplets oriented parallel to, and along, the geostrophic vertical shear, respectively. The physical role played by each of these components of vertical motion in the midlatitude cyclone life cycle is then illustrated by examination of the life cycles of two recently observed cyclones. The analysis suggests that the origin and subsequent intensification of the lower-tropospheric cyclone responds predominantly to column stretching associated with the updraft portion of the shearwise QG vertical motion, which displays a single, dominant, middle-tropospheric couplet at all stages of the cyclone life cycle. The transverse QG omega, associated with the cyclones’ frontal zones, appears only after those frontal zones have been established. The absence of transverse ascent maxima and associated column stretching in the vicinity of the surface cyclone center suggests that the transverse ω plays little role in the initial development stage of the storms examined here. Near the end of the mature stage of the life cycle, however, in what appears to be a characteristic distribution, a transverse ascent maximum along the western edge of the warm frontal zone becomes superimposed with the shearwise ascent maximum that fuels continued cyclogenesis. It is suggested that use of the shearwise/transverse diagnostic approach may provide new and/or supporting insight regarding a number of synoptic processes including the development of upper-level jet/front systems and the nature of the physical distinction between type A and type B cyclogenesis events.

A Study of Burr Formation Processes Using the Finite Element Method: Part I

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. W. Park ◽  
D. A. Dornfeld
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Ductile Failure ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Burr Formation ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Final Development ◽  
Element Method

A finite element model of orthogonal metal cutting including burr formation is presented. A metal-cutting simulation procedure based on a ductile failure criterion is proposed for the purpose of better understanding the burr formation mechanism and obtaining a quantitative analysis of burrs using the finite element method. In this study, the four stages of burr formation, i.e., initiation, initial development, pivoting point, and final development stages, are investigated based on the stress and strain contours with the progressive change of geometry at the edge of the workpiece. Also, the characteristics of thick and thin burrs are clarified along with the negative deformation zone formed in front of the tool edge in the final development stage. [S0094-4289(00)00702-7]

NATIONAL AND STATE BENEFITS FROM OFFSHORE PETROLEUM

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
A. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
The Right ◽  
Offshore Oil

A simulated cash flow for three sizes of offshore field (100 MMB, 250 MMB and 1,000 MMB) can be made for a 20 -year period. The objective is to estimate not only the revenues of the producer but also to derive the probable expenditure patterns in the National and State economy and the flow of tax moneys to the respective governments.On the values selected the 100 MMB field would not be produced if the company gave proper importance to the result of the discounted-cash-flow exercise. For the 250 MMB field the governments' share of royalty and company tax would be 31 per cent of the gross value of the barrel (at an Australian supply price of $2.06); while for the 1,000 MMB field the share would be 36 per cent. These are conservative estimates of the cash flow going into the public purse. Of total expenditures in Australia it seems likely that only 65 per cent are retained in Australian accounts. The rest is import content. In a particular State the retention would be around 20 per cent at the exploration stage in offshore work, 50-60 per cent for development and some 80 per cent for operational expenses. On this sort of figuring a table of direct expenditures, including royalties, can be computed for the State over the whole period. For a 250 MMB field the annual contribution to State spending is significant. It has, of course, multiplier effects also. Labour multipliers, as distinct from income multipliers, are often significant. They are variable depending on the initial development of the region and the contribution offshore oil can make to the regional economy. If close to the capital city the oil field, at all stages, may employ existing engineering services, shipping, supply and labour. New jobs in these supporting services are therefore transfers from other industries if the unemployment rate is low. Thus, for the capital city the job multiplier may be as low 1.03 (3 per cent is the normal rate of growth of the work force) with only minor additions created by oil workers and staff brought in from other States. At the other extreme a discovery on an isolated stretch of coast could require a new port, and port-town development for treatment plant and other oil field services. The job multiplier for the area (number of jobs created for each new one in the oil industry) could well be three or four. In time, and supposing that such a settlement became a port for other traffic, e.g. minerals, and that fuel-and- power-using and chemical industries became attracted to the facilities (consider Port Hedland, Kwinana and Westernport Bay) the regional job multiplier could in time reach a value of 15-20. Offshore oil, in the right location, can be a costless, efficient vehicle for decentralisation policy.

Using Marketing Technology in Reservoir Engineering: The Application of Data Driven Predictive Analysis on a Mature Oil Field

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Bertina Zijlstra ◽  
Gael Riethmuller ◽  
Susanne Schaeftlein ◽  
Salima Saif Al Mahruqi ◽  
Ali Naamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Field ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Reservoir Engineering ◽  
Predictive Analysis ◽  
Marketing Technology
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document