The Impact of Extended-Time Proppant Conductivity Impairment on the Ultimate Recovery from Unconventional Horizontal Well Completions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mark Pearson ◽  
Garrett Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Extended Time ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Cumulative Production ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The stimulation design of hydraulically fractured wells has always pitted the engineer's capability to maximize the fracture extent (or fracture half-length within the formation) versus the conductivity of the fracture pack generated by the deposited proppant material. In essence, the area of productive reservoir rock contacted by the hydraulic fracture treatment needs to be appropriately engineered to remain connected to the wellbore over the life of the well to maximize reservoir recovery. The completion design of multi-stage hydraulically fractured horizontal wells has been driven by their application to unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. This has primarily occurred in North America where most of the wells drilled and completed were operated by small, private, or upstream-only independent public companies. Metrics used to evaluate performance and completion design changes were short-term in nature and typically focused on parameters such as peak-month production, 90- or 180-day cumulative production; or at longest, the first year or two of cumulative production. Capital efficiency, and capital return or well payout were drivers of value creation in an environment where the well inventory was viewed as extensive if not unlimited and the quick recycling of invested capital created the illusion of value creation. Short-term performance metrics give credence to fracture designs that value most the early-time production that is dominated by rate acceleration. The work presented in this paper shows a comparison of fracture designs in deep unconventional formations looking to minimize cost by pumping all sand proppants versus a focus on ultimate recovery from the reservoir with designs that are more applicable to the stress regime. The work shows the importance of maintaining the wellbore connectivity to the reservoir by designing fracture treatments using proppant conductivity decline data measured over an extended-time period of months or years to maximize ultimate recovery from the reservoir. This approach will be critical to those E&P companies who view their well inventory or resource base as finite and consequently place a priority on maximizing recovery from the reservoir.

Performance Funding Policy Effects on Community College Outcomes: Are Short-Term Certificates on the Rise?

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Y. Li ◽  
Alec I. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
State Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performance Funding ◽  
Funding Policy ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Performance funding (PF) policies allocate a portion of state funding to colleges based on student outcomes. This study is the first to account for policy type and design differences, and explores the impact of performance funding on three levels of credential completions: short-term certificates, medium-term certificates, and associate’s degrees. Method: We create a panel dataset of 751 two-year colleges from years 1990 to 2013 using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. We conduct a series of analyses using difference-in-differences with the inclusion of college- and state-level control variables. Results: We find that, on average, performance funding produces no significant changes in completions of any of the three credentials. Policy types characterized by a greater proportion of funding tied to the base budget, mission differentiation in performance metrics, inclusion of underrepresented student metrics, and longer periods of operating years produce an increase in short-term certificates, no significant change in medium-term certificates, and a decrease in associate’s degrees. Contributions: This study’s findings suggest that because awarding more short-term certificates is a relatively quick and cost-effective way to capture performance funds, colleges might be engaging in a path of least resistance by churning out short-term certificates and redirecting focus away from associate’s degrees, which is concerning given that short-term certificates generally offer limited labor market benefits compared to medium-term certificates and associate’s degrees. Our results also underscore the importance of policy designs in explaining differential impacts on credential completion.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Disruptive Events on Port Performance and Choice: The Case of Gothenburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Martin Svanberg ◽  
Henrik Holm ◽  
Kevin Cullinane
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Container Port ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Labour Dispute ◽  
Container Ports ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper assesses the impact of a major disruptive event at the port of Gothenburg, Scandinavia’s largest container port. Automatic Identification System (AIS) data is analyzed, in combination with official port statistics on container handling in the four main container ports in Sweden, from 2014–2018. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between container volumes handled and calculated performance metrics at the specific times of the intense labour dispute at the port of Gothenburg during the periods Q2 (2016) and Q4 (2016)–Q2 (2017). The paper concludes that the decline in container volumes handled at Gothenburg over the period is specifically due to fewer ships calling at the port following each of the intense periods of the labour dispute. It is also concluded that the effect on competitor ports in the region were significant in terms of both increased volumes of gateway container traffic and the resulting short-term and medium term impacts on both port user profiles and port efficiency levels.

Identity, Incentives, and the Value of Information

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1309-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko S. Heinle ◽  
Christian Hofmann ◽  
Alexis H. Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Accounting Earnings ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT We examine the impact of identity preferences on the interrelation between incentives and performance measurement. In our model, a manager identifies with an organization and loses utility to the extent that his actions conflict with effort-standards issued by the principal. Contrary to prior arguments in the literature, we find conditions under which a manager who identifies strongly with the organization receives stronger incentives and faces more performance evaluation reports than a manager who does not identify with the organization. Our theory predicts that managers who experience events that boost their identification with the firm can decrease their effort in short-term value creation. We also find that firms are more likely to employ less precise but more congruent performance measures, such as stock prices, when contracting with managers who identify little with the organization. In contrast, they use more precise but less congruent measures, such as accounting earnings, when contracting with managers who identify strongly with the firm.

Intellectual capital performance during financial crises

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampath Kehelwalatenna
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Value Creation Process

Purpose This paper aims to examine empirically the behaviour of the impact of intellectual capital (IC) on firm performance during financial crises, having observed that there was no prior research carried out to examine whether the theoretically expected sustainable firm performance created by IC holds during a financially unstable situation in the economy. Design/methodology/approach The Pulic’s value-added intellectual coefficient method is used to measure IC. Firm performance is measured through productivity, profitability and revenue growth. Structural stability tests and dynamic regression models for panel data are used for the data of 191 banking firms listed on the New York Stock Exchange during 2000-2011. Findings The paper reveals, contrary to theoretical expectations, that the impact of IC on firm performance is inconsistent during financial crises. This behaviour emerges mainly because of the incapability of human capital, the main component of IC, to create value for the sample firms during financial crises. Research limitations/implications The findings of the study are confined to financial crises that existed in the US economy during the period 2000-2011. The findings provide evidence that heterogeneity in the resource base of a firm plays a very minor role in the value creation process during turbulent economic situations. The findings also question the practicality of investing in intangible assets, including IC, during periods of financial crises. Originality/value This paper could be the first attempt to evident empirically that the heterogeneity in the resource base of the firm has a very minor role to play in the value creation process when instability exists in the macroeconomic environment.

A Newspaper’s Effect on the Strength of Automatic Associations in Memory

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Automatic Associations ◽  
Foreign Nationality ◽  
The Impact

A test was done to see if reading a newspaper which consistently overrepresents foreigners as criminals strengthens the automatic association between foreign country and criminal in memory (i.e., implicit cultivation). Further, an investigation was done to find out if reading articles from the same newspaper produces a short-term effect on the same measure and if (1) emotionalization of the newspaper texts, (2) emotional reactions of the reader (indicated by arousal), and (3) attributed text credibility moderate the short-term treatment effect. Eighty-five participants were assigned to one of three experimental conditions. Participants in the control group received short factual crime texts, where the nationality of the offender was not mentioned. Participants in the factual treatment group received the same texts, but the foreign nationality was mentioned. Participants in the emotionalized treatment group received emotionalized articles (i.e., texts which are high in vividness and frequency) covering the same crimes, with the foreign nationality mentioned. Supporting empirical evidence for implicit cultivation and a short-term effect was found. However, only emotionalized articles produced a short-term effect on the strength of the automatic association, indicating that newspaper texts must have a minimum of stimulus intensity to overcome an effect threshold. There were no moderating effects of arousal or credibility pertaining to the impact on the implicit measure. However, credibility moderated the short-term effect on a first-order judgment (i.e., estimated frequency of foreigners of all criminals). This indicates that a newspaper’s effect on the strength of automatic associations is relatively independent from processes of propositional reasoning.

Diatoms in the Amur Bay sediments (Sea of Japan) and the impact of typhoons on their accumulation over the last 2000 years

2019 ◽  
pp. 252-256
Author(s):  
Irina A. Prushkovskaya ◽  
Ira B. Tsoy
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Catastrophic Events ◽  
Bromine Content ◽  
Amur Bay ◽  
The Impact

The study of diatoms in the sediments of the Amur Bay (Sea of Japan), formed over the last 2000 years, showed that the sharp short-term drops in the concentration of diatoms coincide with the minima of bromine content, which can be explained by the influence of typhoons or other catastrophic events leading to floods and used later in paleoreconstructions.

PENERAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DALAM PENGELOLAAN WAKAF PRODUKTIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masruchin Masruchin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

Corporate Social Responsibilityis a concept that a company has various forms of responsibility to all stakeholders including consumers, employees, shareholders, communities and the environment in all aspects of the company's operations that include economic, social, and environmental aspects. Therefore CSR is closely related to "sustainable development", in which a company, in carrying out its activities must base its decisions not only on the impact on economic aspects, such as the level of profits or dividends (profits), but also must consider the social and environmental impacts that arise from that decision, both for the short term and the longer term.Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor (PMDG), in managing its Productive Waqf by establishing business units which mostly involve workers from the local society around PMDG. They are employed according to their skills. This is a form of implementing CSR in order to help advance and improve the welfare of the local society. The existence of these various business units is one of the educational facilities and as a form of CSR application which is actually intended to educate in the fields of independence, entrepreneurship, sincerity and sacrifice.PMDG involvement in social activities that are useful for the local society such as infrastructure development and village facilities, regeneration of students who are from around PMDG to be able to get higher education with funding from the PMDG, doing guidance to the local society through various religious activities, educational and economic activities is a form of PMDG responsibility to the local society environment and also to all stakeholders such as students, Ustadz, employees, so as to provide social and environmental impacts for the short term and the longer term.Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibilityandproductive waqf.

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