3D Visualization of Film Flow During Three-Phase Displacement in Water-Wet Rocks via Microtomography Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Adyani W. Razak ◽  
Nor Idah Kechut ◽  
Edward Andrews ◽  
Samuel Krevor
Keyword(s):  
Euler Characteristic ◽  
Film Flow ◽  
Positive Zero ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Trapped Gas ◽  
Wet Rocks ◽  
Phase Fluid ◽  
Fluid Phases

Abstract Spatial image resolution has limited previous attempts to characterize the thin film flow of oil sandwiched in-between gas and water in a three-phase fluid system This paper describes how a systematically designed displacement experiment can produce imagery to define the film flow process in a 3D pore space of water-wet sandstone rocks. We image multiphase flow at the pore scale through three displacement experiments conducted on water-wet outcrop rock with variable spreading tendencies. The experiment has been formulated to observe the relationship between fluid spreading, phase saturations, and pore-scale displacement mechanisms. We provide exhaustive evidence of the three-phase fluid configurations that serve as a proxy mechanism assisting the fluid displacement process in a three-phase system, which includes the oil sandwiches in-between water and gas, the flow of oil via clay fabrics, and the double-displacement process that generates oil and water film in 3D pore spaces. Further, we show evidence that the stable thin-oil film has enhanced the gas trapping mechanism in the water-wet rocks. We observed that the oil layer had covered the isolated and trapped gas blobs, enhancing their stability. As a result, the trapped gas in the positive and zero spreading systems is slightly higher than in the negative spreading system due to a stable oil film. We analyze the Euler characteristic of the individual fluid phases and the interface pair of the fluids during waterflooding, gas injection, and chase water flooding. The comparison of the Euler characteristic for the connected and disconnected fluid phases between three different spreading systems (i.e., positive, zero, and negative) shows that the oil layer's connectivity is highest in the positive spreading system and lowest in the negative spreading system. The oil layer in the positive spreading system is also thicker than in the negative spreading system.

scholarly journals Pore-Scale Simulation of Particle Flooding for Enhancing Oil Recovery

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2305
Author(s):  
Xiangbin Liu ◽  
Le Wang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Junwei Su
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
Three Phase Flow ◽  
Displacement Force

The particles, water and oil three-phase flow behaviors at the pore scale is significant to clarify the dynamic mechanism in the particle flooding process. In this work, a newly developed direct numerical simulation techniques, i.e., VOF-FDM-DEM method is employed to perform the simulation of several different particle flooding processes after water flooding, which are carried out with a porous structure obtained by CT scanning of a real rock. The study on the distribution of remaining oil and the displacement process of viscoelastic particles shows that the capillary barrier near the location with the abrupt change of pore radius is the main reason for the formation of remaining oil. There is a dynamic threshold in the process of producing remaining oil. Only when the displacement force exceeds this threshold, the remaining oil can be produced. The flow behavior of particle–oil–water under three different flooding modes, i.e., continuous injection, alternate injection and slug injection, is studied. It is found that the particle size and the injection mode have an important influence on the fluid flow. On this basis, the flow behavior, pressure characteristics and recovery efficiency of the three injection modes are compared. It is found that by injecting two kinds of fluids with different resistance increasing ability into the pores, they can enter into different pore channels, resulting in the imbalance of the force on the remaining oil interface and formation of different resistance between the channels, which can realize the rapid recovery of the remaining oil.

Numerical Modeling of Multi-Frequency Complex Dielectric Permittivity Dispersion of Sedimentary Rocks

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-69
Author(s):  
Artur Posenato Garcia ◽  
Zoya Heidari
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Dielectric Permittivity ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Dielectric Response ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Wet Rocks ◽  
Permittivity Measurements ◽  
The Impact

The dielectric response of rocks results from electric double layer (EDL), Maxwell-Wagner (MW), and dipolar polarizations. The EDL polarization is a function of solid-fluid interfaces, pore water, and pore geometry. MW and dipolar polarizations are functions of charge accumulation at the interface between materials with contrasting impedances and the volumetric concentration of its constituents, respectively. However, conventional interpretation of dielectric measurements only accounts for volumetric concentrations of rock components and their permittivities, not interfacial properties such as wettability. Numerical simulations of dielectric response of rocks provides an ideal framework to quantify the impact of wettability and water saturation ( Sw) on electric polarization mechanisms. Therefore, in this paper we introduce a numerical simulation method to compute pore-scale dielectric dispersion effects in the interval from 100 Hz to 1 GHz including impacts of pore structure, Sw, and wettability on permittivity measurements. We solve the quasi-electrostatic Maxwell's equations in three-dimensional (3D) pore-scale rock images in the frequency domain using the finite volume method. Then, we verify simulation results for a spherical material by comparing with the corresponding analytical solution. Additionally, we introduce a technique to incorporate α-polarization to the simulation and we verify it by comparing pore-scale simulation results to experimental measurements on a Berea sandstone sample. Finally, we quantify the impact of Sw and wettability on broadband dielectric permittivity measurements through pore-scale numerical simulations. The numerical simulation results show that mixed-wet rocks are more sensitive than water-wet rocks to changes in Sw at sub-MHz frequencies. Furthermore, permittivity and conductivity of mixed-wet rocks have weaker and stronger dispersive behaviors, respectively, when compared to water-wet rocks. Finally, numerical simulations indicate that conductivity of mixed-wet rocks can vary by three orders of magnitude from 100 Hz to 1 GHz. Therefore, Archie’s equation calibrated at the wrong frequency could lead to water saturation errors of 73%.

Luminescent Oil Film Flow Tagging Skin Friction Meter Applied to FAITH Hill

AIAA Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 3875-3886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Husen ◽  
Tianshu Liu ◽  
John P. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Skin Friction ◽  
Film Flow ◽  
Oil Film

Numerical Simulation and Evaluation of the Oil Film Flow Field in Hydro-Viscous Drive

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 764-771
Author(s):  
Gang Zheng ◽  
Fangwei Xie ◽  
Xialong Li ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Jianzhong Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Film Flow ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Simulation And Evaluation

Study of Hybrid Lubrication at the Tooth Contact of a Wormgear Transmission: Part 1—Formulation and Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Yuan ◽  
D. C. Sun ◽  
D. E. Brewe
Keyword(s):  
Film Flow ◽  
Flow Problem ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Analytical Form ◽  
Tooth Contact ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Transmission Part ◽  
Film Lubrication

The paper presents a lubrication analysis for the tooth contact of a proposed wormgear transmission. The information needed for the lubrication analysis has been mostly obtained from a previously published wormgear analysis. The information includes the geometry of the clearance between the meshing surfaces, the velocity of the worm surface relative to the gear surface, and the normal force acting on a gear tooth as it moves through the meshing zone. The lubrication analysis is carried out after a design of the oil supply configuration is made, that consists of a single transverse oil recess and a capillary tube flow restrictor. Under the predetermined normal force, the lubrication analysis is aimed at obtaining the needed supply pressure to separate the meshing surfaces by a minimum oil film thickness, which is prescribed to insure the establishment of fluid film lubrication at the contact. The lubrication analysis considers (1) the hybrid lubrication effect (combined hydrostatic action and hydrodynamic wedge and squeeze actions), (2) the temperature rise in the oil film flow and the restrictor flow, and (3) the pressure and temperature dependence of oil properties. Part I describes the formulation of the oil film flow problem (in discrete form) and the restrictor flow problem (in analytical form). The two problems are coupled through the conditions of flow continuity and energy balance in the oil recess.

A superamphiphobic surface with a hydrogen peroxide-triggered switch to antithetic fluid repellence in a liquid–liquid–air three-phase fluid system

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (31) ◽  
pp. 4312-4315
Author(s):  
Yihan Sun ◽  
Jinxia Huang ◽  
Zhiguang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
System P ◽  
Arbitrary Phase ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Air System ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Phase Fluid

Fluid repellence in one arbitrary phase for repelling the other two phases in a generalized liquid–liquid–air system was achieved on a hydrogen peroxide-treated surface.

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