Reducing Gas Emission Mechanisms for Hydrocarbon Storage Tanks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merhane Kamel ◽  
Jeffrey Daniel Eickhoff
Keyword(s):  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Active Systems ◽  
Seal Integrity ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Operational Energy ◽  
Reduction Of Emissions ◽  
Hydrocarbon Storage ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

Abstract Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) which are emitted from tank farms of petroleum refineries are considered to cause harmful impacts to the environment and people. This paper presents the methodology of assessing potential targets for reduction of emissions, as well as proposed control mechanisms and their reductions, for hydrocarbon storage tanks at Jebel Al Dhanna Terminal. Some of the emissions reduction opportunities which are covered include aluminum dome retrofits, seal integrity improvement and guide pole treatments. The objective is to find significant reduction opportunities (from between 50% to 90% of current tank configurations) using passive technologies which prevent or inhibit emissions without the use of additional operational energy or active systems that would otherwise require significant maintenance or operational expense.

DISPERSION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE VICINITY OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS STORAGE TANKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1119-1136
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohsen Peyghambarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Raazi Tabari ◽  
Sima Sabzalipour ◽  
Reza Jalilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Attractions of delay: Using deliberative engagement to investigate the political and strategic impacts of greenhouse gas removal technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 251484862110662
Author(s):  
Duncan McLaren ◽  
Rebecca Willis ◽  
Bronislaw Szerszynski ◽  
David Tyfield ◽  
Nils Markusson
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Gas Removal ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Reduction Of Emissions ◽  
Removal Technologies ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change

Concerns have been raised that a focus on greenhouse gas removals (GGR) in climate models, scientific literature and other media might deter measures to mitigate climate change through reduction of emissions at source – the phenomenon of ‘mitigation deterrence’. Given the urgent need for climate action, any delay in emissions reduction would be worrying. We convened nine deliberative workshops to expose stakeholders to futures scenarios involving mitigation deterrence. The workshops examined ways in which deterrence might arise, and how it could be minimized. The deliberation exposed social and cultural interactions that might otherwise remain hidden. The paper describes narratives and ideas discussed in the workshops regarding political and economic mechanisms through which mitigation deterrence might occur, the plausibility of such pathways, and measures recommended to reduce the risk of such occurrence. Mitigation deterrence is interpreted as an important example of the ‘attraction of delay’ in a setting in which there are many incentives for procrastination. While our stakeholders accepted the historic persistence of delay in mitigation, some struggled to accept that similar processes, involving GGRs, may be happening now. The paper therefore also reviews the claims made by participants about mitigation deterrence, identifying discursive strategies that advocates of carbon removal might deploy to deflect concerns about mitigation deterrence. We conclude that the problem of mitigation deterrence is significant, needs to be recognized in climate policy, and its mechanisms better understood. Based on stakeholder proposals we suggest ways of governing GGR which would maximize both GGR and carbon reduction through other means.

Fitness-for-Service Assessment of Hydrocarbon Storage Tanks

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forhad Ahmad ◽  
M. M. Hossain ◽  
R. Seshadri
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Strength Factor ◽  
Operational Safety ◽  
Industrial Storage ◽  
Hydrocarbon Storage

Storage tanks are widely used in the industry to store hydrocarbon products. Corrosion damage is considered to be a serious threat to the structural integrity of the industrial storage tanks if it occurs on the primary pressure containment boundary. Therefore, fitness-for-service (FFS) assessment of these structures is performed periodically in order to ensure the operational safety and structural integrity. In this paper, evaluation methods are proposed for FFS assessment of storage tanks undergoing corrosion damage. The proposed methods are shown to give reasonably accurate and conservative assessment of the remaining strength factor. The methods are demonstrated through an example and the results verified by inelastic finite element analysis.

Simulation of Fuel Storage Hazards Associated With Petroleum Refineries Tanks

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Pourgol-Mohammad ◽  
Mohammad Pourghafari ◽  
Reza Alizadeh ◽  
Mojtaba Raheli Kaleibar ◽  
Morteza Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Fuel Storage ◽  
Vapor Cloud ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

Predicting of hazards associated with the damages of fuel storage tanks in petroleum refineries is critical in maintaining safety of the facilities. This study assesses the hazard of the refinery gasoline tank damage by augmented mathematical and semi-experimental methods. This research evaluates complete content release of the reservoir tank scenario in a given time, as the worst case. Environment conditions are evaluated as affecting factors on the progression of the scenario. Comparison between the results of numerical simulations for pool fire as well as vapor cloud explosion with the results of simulation based on empirical-mathematical models indicates noticeable differences between the results in the vicinity of the boundary conditions; however, with increasing the distance from the center of the accident point, this difference decreases markedly.

INVESTIGATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) EMISSION IN OIL TERMINAL STORAGE TANK PARKS/LAKIŲJŲ ORGANINIŲ JUNGINIŲ (LOJ) EMISIJOS TYRIMAS NAFTOS TERMINALO TALPYKLŲ PARKUOSE/ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭМИССИИ ЛЕГКОЛЕТУЧИХ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ (ЛОС) В ПАРКАХ РЕЗЕРВУАРОВ НЕФТЯНОГО ТЕРМИНАЛА

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Paulauskienė ◽  
Vytenis Zabukas ◽  
Petras Vaitiekūnas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Meteorological Elements ◽  
The Impact

The problem of VOC volatilization into the atmosphere from oil terminals is discussed in the paper. Investigation of VOC concentration in an oil terminal was performed in characterized spots of the main pollutant concentration ‐ in storage tank parks of light and heavy oil products. A complex analysis of the impact of meteorological elements, oil‐product‐storage tank construction, the level of filling storage tanks with oil products on the emissions of VOCs in oil terminals and adjacent territories is provided in the paper. The dependence of VOC concentration on the following parameters of the construction of storage tanks was analysed: the capacity of storage tanks, the insulation between the wall of a storage tank and peculiarities of the pontoon construction (single, double, triple insulation). The results of the investigation may be applied for the development and improvement of the VOC calculation method (LAND 31–2007/M‐11), reduction of VOC emissions in the existing oil terminals and when developing new ones. Santrauka Analizuojami profesiniai pavojai, kuriems gresiant būtina nustatyti rizikos lygį. Tirtas darbo aplinkos mikroklimatas, apšvieta, triukšmas ir dulkėtumo lygis. Profesiniams pavojams gamyboje įvertinti siūlomas paprastas ir lankstus rizikos vertinimo metodas, pagrįstas skaitiniais kriterijais. Pateikiami penkių Estijos pramonės šakų (mašinų apdirbimo, spaudos, medienos, plastmasės ir tekstilės) tyrimo šiuo požiūriu rezultatai ir praktiniai pavyzdžiai. Kaip akivaizdžiausias pavojus sveikatai plačiai analizuojamas triukšmas, įvertinama klausos praradimo rizika. Straipsnio tikslas – atkreipti dėmesį, kaip svarbu pramonėje nustatyti profesinę riziką ir priminti apie kelis svarbius praktinius aspektus, kad darbo rizikos vertinimas būtų efektyvus ir padėtų darbuotojams, darbdaviams, darbo vietos higienos specialistams, gydytojams bei sprendimų priėmėjams.

Fitness-for-Service Assessment of Hydrocarbon Storage Tanks

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ahmad ◽  
M. M. Hossain ◽  
R. Seshadri
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Strength Factor ◽  
Operational Safety ◽  
Industrial Storage ◽  
Hydrocarbon Storage

Storage tanks are widely used in the industry to store hydrocarbon products. Corrosion damage is considered to be a serious threat to the structural integrity of the industrial storage tanks if it occurs on the primary pressure containment boundary. Therefore, fitness-for-service (FFS) assessment of these structures is performed periodically in order to ensure the operational safety and structural integrity. In this paper, evaluation methods are proposed for FFS assessment of storage tanks undergoing corrosion damage. The proposed methods are shown to give reasonably accurate and conservative assessment of the remaining strength factor. The methods are demonstrated through an example and the results are verified by inelastic finite element analysis.

scholarly journals Atmospheric Pollution Interventions in the Environment: Effects on Biotic and Abiotic Factors, Their Monitoring and Control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nukshab Zeeshan ◽  
Nabila ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi ◽  
Khurram Naveed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Volatile Organic

Atmosphere is polluted for all living, non-living entities. Concentrations of atmospheric pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) are increasing abruptly due to anthropogenic activities (fossil fuels combustion, industrial activities, and power generation etc.). These pollutants are causing soil (microbial diversity disturbance, soil structure), plants (germination, growth, and biochemistry), and human health (asthma, liver, and lungs disorders to cancers) interventions. All the effects of these pollutants on soil, plants, animals, and microbes needed to be discussed briefly. Different strategies and technologies (HOPES, IOT, TEMPO and TNGAPMS) are used in the world to reduce the pollutant emission at source or when in the atmosphere and also discussed here. All gaseous emissions control mechanisms for major exhaust gases from toxic to less toxic form or environmental friendly form are major concern. Heavy metals present in dust and volatile organic compounds are converted into less toxic forms and their techniques are discussed briefly.

Managing Large Tank API 653 Re-Inspection Projects

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Greaves
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Large Tank ◽  
Hydrocarbon Storage

Every 20 years hydrocarbon storage tanks are taken out of service for API 653 mandated inspections and repairs. While the tanks are out of service other work is often completed. This paper chronicles the steps taken to ensure all the work is identified, budgeted for, scheduled, and completed in a timely and cost effective manner. This paper assumes the reader has a working knowledge of atmospheric hydrocarbon storage tanks.

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